FN Clarivate Analytics Web of Science VR 1.0 PT J AU Ganobjak, M Brunner, S Wernery, J AF Ganobjak, Michal Brunner, Samuel Wernery, Jannis TI Aerogel materials for heritage buildings: Materials, properties and case studies SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Aerogel; Architectural heritage; High-performance insulation; Preservation; Conservation; Refurbishment ID HIGH-PERFORMANCE; SUPERINSULATION; MOISTURE; LAYERS AB Aerogels are open-porous, high-performance thermal insulation materials that can be used for very thin building insulation. So far, the application conditions of these materials and their potential in heritage buildings have not yet been described comprehensively. This review shows the technical properties of commercially available aerogel materials - such as blankets, boards and renders - and their use scenarios in heritage buildings, taking into account the heritage criteria of authenticity, integrity, reversibility and compatibility. Additionally, historic buildings that were refurbished using aerogels are presented. The study by theoretical evaluations and calculated U-values indicates that superinsulating aerogel materials have an exceptional potential in the refurbishment of heritage buildings. The presented examples show the feasibility of refurbishments with aerogel and the resulting improvements in terms of both comfort and thermal properties. Hence, aerogel materials are well suited to be used in preservation of heritage objects according to generally known rules and conditions of heritage preservation, thus contributing to the reduction of energy consumption in the building sector. (C) 2019 Les Auteurs. Publie par Elsevier Masson SAS. Cet article est publie en Open Access sous licence CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). C1 [Ganobjak, Michal; Brunner, Samuel; Wernery, Jannis] Empa, Swiss Fed Lab Sci & Technol, Lab Bldg Energy Mat & Components, Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Ganobjak, Michal] Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava, Fac Architecture, Inst Hist & Theory Architecture & Monument Restor, Namestie Slobody 19, Bratislava 81245, Slovakia. RP Ganobjak, M; Wernery, J (reprint author), Empa, Swiss Fed Lab Sci & Technol, Lab Bldg Energy Mat & Components, Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.; Ganobjak, M (reprint author), Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava, Fac Architecture, Inst Hist & Theory Architecture & Monument Restor, Namestie Slobody 19, Bratislava 81245, Slovakia. EM michal.ganobjak@empa.ch; jannis.wernery@empa.ch RI Samuel, Brunner/C-2880-2008 OI Samuel, Brunner/0000-0001-5186-0308 FU Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) FX This work was supported by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE), by funding the project "IEA-EBC Annex 65 on Superinsulating Materials - Building Integration Aspects" which has contributed to the overview presented here. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2020 VL 42 BP 81 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.09.007 PG 18 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA LD2LK UT WOS:000525864000010 OA Green Published, Other Gold DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Mariani, F Savoia, AS Caliano, G AF Mariani, Francesca Savoia, Alessandro S. Caliano, Giosue TI An innovative method for in situ monitoring of the detachments in architectural coverings of ancient structures SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Detachment; Ancient structure; Cultural heritage; Knocking; Acoustics; Vibrometry; Acoustic signature; In situ; NDT; Monitoring; Graphic documentation AB Detecting the presence, the position and the extension of architectural coverings separations, both on horizontal and vertical layers - such as mosaics, plasters, slabs or other functional and decorative layers - is at the base of the analysis of the state of conservation of ancient structures. Non-destructive investigations used to find detachments, like Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV), are hardly executable in situ. They are also influenced by the boundary conditions and often need the intervention of onerous technical consultations. For this reason, traditionally, conservators rely on the technique of auscultation, which entails gently knocking with the hand, listening to the sound produced by the surface and perceiving the vibration of it. Together with the thermographic analysis, the results of these examinations are translated into the graphic documentation of the discontinuities of the structural elements, detachments and cracks between layers, in order to achieve the conservative diagnosis and outline a project of intervention. Analysis carried out with such method is accurate, but introduces a strong subjective conservator's connotation, which makes it not repeatable. In this contribution, after having briefly examined the state of the art of in situ technologies, an innovative acoustic-vibrational technique for the detection of detachment phenomena between layers and discontinuity is introduced. The proposed technique also allows tracing an accurate map, using an image correlation method between an acoustic "snap" of the point of interest and a "reference snap". The analysis of the entire surface produces a graphics map of the detachments. This graphic documentation represents the "acoustic signature" of the structure, i.e. the "status quo" of the surface during the analysis. This representation can be used to monitor the state of conservation of the structure over time. In this paper, the method is developed and tested in laboratory using a personal computer and a hardware device specifically designed and fabricated, with the aim of providing a qualitative yet repeatable assessment of the state of conservation of a covering. The proposed method could be implemented in an easy-to-use and inexpensive portable version of the system using a smartphone, to which the developed hardware device would be connected through the audio jack to acquire the acoustic information, making the new system suitable for "in situ" operation. It can be also used for monitoring the evolution of the conservative scenario. The first results achieved on a test object are showed. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Mariani, Francesca] Consorzio Aureo Conservaz & Restauro, Rome, Italy. [Mariani, Francesca; Savoia, Alessandro S.; Caliano, Giosue] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Ingn, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy. RP Caliano, G (reprint author), Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Ingn, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy. EM giosue.caliano@uniroma3.it CR Alberti L., 2013, ILLUSTRATEDGLOSSARY Calicchia P, 2005, J CULT HERIT, V6, P115, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2004.11.001 Caronti A, 2002, IEEE T ULTRASON FERR, V49, P159, DOI 10.1109/58.985700 Castellini P, 2000, J CULT HERIT, V1, pS349, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(00)00145-X Collini L, 2013, NDT&E INT, V56, P76, DOI 10.1016/j.ndteint.2013.02.006 Collini L, 2011, NDT&E INT, V44, P152, DOI 10.1016/j.ndteint.2010.11.008 Giavarini C, 2006, FRACTURE AND FAILURE OF NATURAL BUILDING STONES, P107, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-5077-0_7 Gonzalez R. C., 2008, DIGITAL IMAGE PROCES Leissa A.W., 1969, NASA, P353 Li ML, 2015, APPL ACOUST, V88, P12, DOI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2014.07.009 Mora P., 1984, CONSERVATION WALL PA Rienstra S.W., 1989, ACOUSTICS KETTLEDRUM, V89-10 ROSSING TD, 1995, [No title captured] Shih-Fu L., 2010, 17 INT C SOUND VIBR Spagnolo G. Schirripa, 2000, E J NON DESTRUCTIVE, V5, P5 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2020 VL 42 BP 139 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.07.013 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA LD2LK UT WOS:000525864000015 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Bonomo, AE Amodio, AM Prosser, G Sileo, M Rizzo, G AF Bonomo, Agnese Emanuela Amodio, Antonio Minervino Prosser, Giacomo Sileo, Maria Rizzo, Giovanna TI Evaluation of soft limestone degradation in the Sassi UNESCO site (Matera, Southern Italy): Loss of material measurement and classification SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Building stone; Degradation; Cultural heritage; Gravina Calcarenite; 3D model; Structure from Motion ID ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; STONE; MONUMENTS; CONSERVATION; DAMAGE; DURABILITY; RECESSION; ROMAN; STATE AB Soft limestone degradation is the main problem in the old district of Matera (Sassi), a rupestrian settlement excavated and built in the Pleistocene Gravina Calcarenite, which has been recognized as a UNESCO heritage site since 1993. The Gravina Calcarenite outcrops in a large area in the Apulian foreland, onlapping the Cretaceous Altamura limestone. It can be divided in two main typologies, the first one characterized by the predominance of bioclastic components and the second one mainly consisting of lithoclastic grains. All Sassi are built and excavated in this soft stone that gives a unique aspect to the town. Unfortunately, the decay of calcarenite materials is very fast and the calcarenite constructions are now in a bad state of conservation. In this work, we present a new method for the classification and the quantitative estimation of material loss in degraded natural stones by using Structure from Motion (SfM) and image analysis techniques. In detail, degradation patterns were described on 250 facades of Matera Sassi by using the International Council on Monument and Site - International Scientific Committee for Stone - ICOMOS-ISCS atlas. The peculiar decay morphologies have been related to the extent of material loss, especially with alveolization patterns that develops on the 76% of the facades. The relationships between the identified decay patterns and the lithological features were discussed, highlighting the higher susceptibility of bioclastic calcarenite respect to the lithoclastic type. Following this analysis, five stages of decay related to loss of material were determined and quantified. The proposed approach represents a new and easy method for evaluating the degradation stage of ancient buildings and for better assessing the long-term survey and the maintenance of stone monuments. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Bonomo, Agnese Emanuela; Prosser, Giacomo; Rizzo, Giovanna] Univ Basilicata, Dept Sci, Via Ateneo Lucano 33, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Amodio, Antonio Minervino] Univ Molise, Dept Biosci & Terr, I-86090 Pesche, Isernia, Italy. [Sileo, Maria] Natl Italian Res Council CNR, Inst Archaeol & Monumental Heritage, C Santa Loja Snc, I-85050 Potenza, Italy. RP Bonomo, AE (reprint author), Univ Basilicata, Dept Sci, Via Ateneo Lucano 33, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. EM agnese.bonomo@unibas.it OI SILEO, MARIA/0000-0003-3875-9314 FU University of Basilicata FX The authors thank the Department of Bioscience and Territory of the Molise University for providing the workstation to create the 3D models and calculate the lost volumes of the ashlars. They also thank to L. Costa for providing the architectonic model of Santoro Palace, and S. Lucente, A. Benedetto and M. Lorusso for supporting the facades mapping. Authors express their gratitude to the Editor Dr. Simona Raneri and two anonymous reviewers for the useful comments, which greatly improved the manuscript. The authors benefited from finance support by the University of Basilicata research funds. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2020 VL 42 BP 191 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.07.017 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA LD2LK UT WOS:000525864000020 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Akoglu, KG Kotoula, E Simon, S AF Akoglu, Kiraz Goze Kotoula, Eleni Simon, Stefan TI Combined use of ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) testing and digital technologies: A model for long-term condition monitoring memorials in historic Grove Street Cemetery, New Haven SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV); 3D digitization; Stone; Grove Street Cemetery (GSC); Condition assessment; CHER-Ob ID INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY; 3D MODELS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; METHODOLOGY AB Grove Street Cemetery (GSC) of New Haven is one of the 60 National Historic Landmarks in Connecticut; it is also the ninth such landmark in New Haven since 2000. Besides, the cemetery has an indispensable place in the daily life of New Haven community. The aim of the study is to develop an efficient, simple, and low-cost methodology for the assessment of the level of deterioration qualitatively of the stones of Grove Street Cemetery, which will serve as a model for long-term condition monitoring. The studies included the generation of 3D models of memorials, mapping of visual weathering forms on these 3D models according to the ICOMOS International Scientific Committee for Stone (ISCS) illustrated glossary on stone deterioration patterns, and evaluation of the level of deterioration by ultrasonic velocity measurements. The obtained results were combined in the open-source software Cultural Heritage-Object (CHER-Ob) for decision-making and monitoring studies. Making direct use of the 3D models for calibrated distance measurements for the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) measurements in situ with the help of CHER-Ob has been introduced for the first time as a facilitating element of the monitoring process. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Akoglu, Kiraz Goze] Yale Univ, Inst Preservat Cultural Heritage, POB 27395, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. [Kotoula, Eleni] Univ Edinburgh, Digital Res Serv, 3 Lady Lawson St, Edinburgh EH3 9DR, Midlothian, Scotland. [Simon, Stefan] Yale Univ, Global Cultural Heritage Initiat, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Akoglu, KG (reprint author), Yale Univ, Inst Preservat Cultural Heritage, POB 27395, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. 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Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2020 VL 41 BP 84 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.07.015 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA KK8MD UT WOS:000512989600009 OA Bronze DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ribera, F Nestico, A Cucco, P Maselli, G AF Ribera, Federica Nestico, Antonio Cucco, Pasquale Maselli, Gabriella TI A multicriteria approach to identify the Highest and Best Use for historical buildings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historical Building; Restoration; Highest and Best Use (HBU); Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM); Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ID DECISION-MAKING; CULTURAL-HERITAGE; SUPPORT; REUSE; MODEL AB The cultural heritage conservation is essential to preserve the memory of monuments, places and territories and to ensure their transmission to the future. This can be pursued through continuous and careful maintenance, which, however, is lost when a place loses its function and becomes prey of neglect and decay. It is easy to understand how fundamental is to assign compatible intended use to safeguard the historical goods. From this perspective, the research proposes an innovative and economic evaluation model in order to identify the Highest and the Best Use (HBU) for the historical buildings that would take into account both their social, cultural and economic identity and the preservation of their integrity and original image. The choice of HBU requires a rational study approach that can employ the Multicriteria Decisional Methods (MCDM). These Methods could allow us to consider not only the financial performance of the restoration and enhancement intervention, but also the wide variety of the effects that it will generate on the territory, by involving the community in the new functions, the employment opportunities and the project's aptitude to encourage the cultural growth, by respecting the historical and architectural values. According to this framework, the research outlines an economic evaluation protocol that implements the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a hierarchical multicriteria technique consisting in breaking down the complex decision issues into fundamental constituent elements based on multiple criteria and sub-criteria. The protocol consists in a sequence of logical and operational steps that starts from the preliminary selection of possible functional destinations among those technically feasible, urbanistically permissible, economically viable and historical-architecturally compatible; the next definition of evaluation criteria and sub-criteria; the assignment of the weights to the criteria and the scores to the use options; then the implementation of hierarchical analysis algorithms, which return the final ranking of alternatives and thus outline the Highest and the Best Use for the building. Novelty elements concern the rationalization of the phases, the selection of the criteria evaluation according to the international references for the disciplines of the conservation of cultural heritage and the economic evaluation of projects, and finally the formalization of calculation schemes. The model is validated on a real case study: the monumental Palazzo Genovese in Salerno (Italy). Here the goal of researching HBU meets the need to remove the historic building from the current state of abandonment or underuse and to give it back to the citizens, by ensuring the use and the constant care and maintenance. The application demonstrates the practical usefulness of the protocol in decision-making processes for the re-use of architecture in order to maximize the economic benefits and, at the same time, to safeguard its historical and architectural values. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ribera, Federica; Nestico, Antonio; Cucco, Pasquale; Maselli, Gabriella] Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, I-84084 Salerno, Italy. RP Nestico, A (reprint author), Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, I-84084 Salerno, Italy. 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PD JAN-FEB PY 2020 VL 41 BP 166 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.06.004 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA KK8MD UT WOS:000512989600016 OA Bronze DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Sesana, E Gagnon, AS Bonazza, A Hughes, JJ AF Sesana, Elena Gagnon, Alexandre S. Bonazza, Alessandra Hughes, John J. TI An integrated approach for assessing the vulnerability of World Heritage Sites to climate change impacts SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Cultural heritage; Europe; Vulnerability assessment; World Heritage Sites ID ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES; CULTURAL-HERITAGE; ASSESSMENTS; ADAPTATION; RISK; FRAMEWORK; CAPACITY; DAMAGE AB One of the most difficult problem facing those responsible for managing World Heritage Sites (WHS) is climate change, as it poses continuous new challenges to the conservation of cultural heritage. Moreover, as our climate continues to change our cultural heritage will potentially be exposed to diverse pressures and potentially to risks not previously experienced. Thus, management practices will need to be tailored in order to include climate change impacts. For climate change impacts to be incorporated into preservation frameworks and management practices from government policy level down to the practice in the field, data, information and assessment methods need to be available at a scale relevant to decisionmakers. This paper presents an integrated vulnerability assessment methodology and applies it to three UNESCO cultural WHS in Europe. Through this process, semi-structured interviews were conducted with academics and experts in the management and conservation of cultural heritage, as well as with the managers and coordinators of WHS. The incorporation of bottom-up knowledge in the assessment process allowed for an understanding of the sensitivity and adaptive capacity of the sites, two components of vulnerability that are not given sufficient attention and ignored, respectively, in typical top-down climate change impact assessments. In particular, the interviews elucidated the determinants that enable or constrain the capacity to adapt, i.e., resources, including technical, economic and human; information and awareness; management capacity; learning capacity; leadership; communication and collaboration; and governance; with the lack of resources most commonly mentioned as the determinant impeding adaptation. 'Information and awareness' and 'management capacity' are determinants that were not previously identified in the field of cultural heritage. The former stresses the need to disseminate the results of scientific research for their incorporation in the management of heritage sites. Vulnerability assessments such as those performed in this paper can be used to target interventions to protect and strengthen the resilience of cultural heritage to climate change impacts. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Sesana, Elena; Hughes, John J.] Univ West Scotland, Sch Comp Engn & Phys Sci, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. [Gagnon, Alexandre S.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Sch Nat Sci & Psychol, Liverpool L3 3AF, Merseyside, England. [Bonazza, Alessandra] Italian Natl Res Council, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. RP Hughes, JJ (reprint author), Univ West Scotland, Sch Comp Engn & Phys Sci, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. EM Elena.Sesana@uws.ac.uk; A.Gagnon@ljmu.ac.uk; a.bonazza@isac.cnr.it; John.Hughes@uws.ac.uk RI Sesana, Elena/AAK-4927-2020 OI Sesana, Elena/0000-0002-6428-4626; Bonazza, Alessandra/0000-0002-9842-9731; Gagnon, Alexandre/0000-0002-1301-6015; Hughes, John/0000-0001-7633-9607 FU Scottish Funding Council via the Scottish Alliance for Geoscience, Environment and Society (SAGES); University of the West of Scotland FX We thank all the interviewees who participated in this study as well as HES for the information provided. We are also grateful to the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council of Italy (ISAC-CNR) and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) who both hosted the first author for a month, and the Scottish Funding Council via the Scottish Alliance for Geoscience, Environment and Society (SAGES) who funded those two academic visits. This research was mainly funded by a doctoral scholarship from the University of the West of Scotland. 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Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2020 VL 41 BP 211 EP 224 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.06.013 PG 14 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA KK8MD UT WOS:000512989600020 OA Bronze DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Xue, K Li, YF Meng, XX AF Xue, Ke Li, Yifei Meng, Xiaoxiao TI An evaluation model to assess the communication effects of intangible cultural heritage SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Intangible cultural heritage; Evaluation model; Digital communication; Analytic hierarchy process; Index system AB Intangible cultural heritage is confronted with the communication dilemma of a narrow audience and a lack of inheritor. With the development of digital technologies, the use of digital communication methods to reduce the communication gap has become a vital approach. Therefore, the process of changing the current conventional communication of intangible cultural heritage and improving the presentation of traditional treasures to the public, combined with digital communication technologies, has become the focus of the academic field. Based on the technology acceptance model and the attention-interest-desire-memory-action audience response model, this paper defines three layers of key factors that influence the digital communication effects of intangible cultural heritage and their respective weights. In-depth interviews with 50 experienced experts from six major areas related to this research are conducted with the assistance of the Delphi method. A theoretical evaluation model of the digital communication effects of intangible cultural heritage is constructed using the analytic hierarchy process. Through its findings, this research expects to provide academic references and operative guidelines for the practical application of digital communication technologies in cultural communication and to aid in the communication and safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Xue, Ke; Li, Yifei; Meng, Xiaoxiao] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Media & Commun, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. RP Li, YF (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Media & Commun, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. EM kxue@sjtu.edu.cn; alex.li@sjtu.edu.cn; xxmsjtu@gmail.com FU Project of Chinese National Social Science Fund [18ZD22] FX This work was supported by a Project of Chinese National Social Science Fund entitled "Research on Digital Communication of Intangible Cultural Heritage in China" (18ZD22). 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Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2019 VL 40 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.05.021 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA JF1UX UT WOS:000491173800013 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Rampazzi, L AF Rampazzi, Laura TI Calcium oxalate films on works of art: A review SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Review DE Calcium oxalate films; Cultural heritage; Decay; Protective effect; Weddellite; Whewellite ID LOWER PECOS REGION; SAN-ROCK-ART; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; FT-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; WALL PAINTINGS; AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE; BUILDING-MATERIALS; CULTURAL-HERITAGE; AIR-POLLUTION AB This work presents a review of the findings of calcium oxalate films, a widespread decay phenomenon recovered on stone and other substrates (mortars, wall and easel paintings, written materials, glass). The specific attention given to the issue in the 1990s has decreased, although articles have documented films until the present day. The review provides critical insights into the literature, focusing on the general properties of films, numerous case studies, the instrumental techniques used to characterise and date films, insights into the possible origin of the decay phenomenon, and an evaluation of the protective role of calcium oxalate layers. The practice of creating artificial films on stone surfaces for protective purposes is also considered. An evaluation of the literature over the last few decades shows various open issues. The origin is still up for debate, and the issue is still of major concern to conservation scientists, conservators, and restorers. The scientific community tends to attribute a biological origin to these films, however further studies are needed to study exactly how they form, focusing for example on simulation tests of the chemical and atmospheric pathway. How these films protect the artwork in terms of the mechanical properties of the surface underneath deserves more study. This would also help restorers to reproduce the calcium oxalate. The bibliography highlights the prevalence of calcium oxalate findings in the Mediterranean Basin and the formation of the least stable form, i.e. weddellite, which has yet to be explained. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Rampazzi, Laura] Univ Insubria, Dept Human Sci Innovat & Terr, Via Valleggio 9, I-22100 Como, Italy. [Rampazzi, Laura] Natl Res Council Italy CNR ICVBC, Inst Conservat & Valorizat Cultural Heritage, Via Cozzi 53, I-20125 Milan, Italy. RP Rampazzi, L (reprint author), Dept Human Sci Innovat & Terr, Via Valleggio 9, I-22100 Como, Italy. 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PD NOV-DEC PY 2019 VL 40 BP 195 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.03.002 PG 20 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA JF1UX UT WOS:000491173800021 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Lorenzoni, F Valluzzi, MR Modena, C AF Lorenzoni, Filippo Valluzzi, Maria Rosa Modena, Claudio TI Seismic assessment and numerical modelling of the Sarno Baths, Pompeii SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Vulnerability assessment; Finite element method; Seismic analyses; Dynamic response; Archaeological sites ID MASONRY STRUCTURES; VULNERABILITY AB Seismic assessment of archaeological sites has an increasing role in the definition of reliable conservation strategies of such vulnerable structures, with the combined objectives of verifying the structural safety to code standards and preserving the cultural heritage significance. Aging of materials, anthropogenic and environmental factors may cause in fact rapid loss of the structural capacity once ruins and 'remaining structures' are discovered and excavated. This paper reports the seismic vulnerability assessment of the Sarno Baths in Pompeii. After a detailed diagnostic phase (through non-destructive on-site tests) to increase the knowledge of masonry structures regarding the quality of materials, connections and dynamic behavior, various methods of structural analyses are applied and compared. Both analytical and numerical approaches are tested to understand the structural behavior against design actions, identify the original causes of the detected damage pattern, identify the resisting mechanisms, and predict the response for exceptional events (i.e. earthquakes). Outcomes of ambient vibration tests are used to calibrate the properties of the constitutive materials (mass density, elastic modulus), to clarify the interaction with surrounding domains (the building is placed on a slope), and to highlight any damage conditions in the building (diffuse cracking, decay of materials, etc.) influencing its seismic performance. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Lorenzoni, Filippo; Modena, Claudio] Univ Padua, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn DICEA, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Valluzzi, Maria Rosa] Univ Padua, Dept Cultural Heritage DBC, Piazza Capitaniato 7, I-35139 Padua, Italy. RP Lorenzoni, F (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn DICEA, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padua, Italy. EM filippo.lorenzoni@unipd.it; mariarosa.valluzzi@unipd.it; claudio.modena@dicea.unipd.it FU University of Padova [STPD11B3LB_002] FX The project was carried out within the framework of the Strategic action Multidisciplinary methodological Approaches to the knowledge, conservation and valorization of Cultural Heritage: application to archaeological sites (project: STPD11B3LB_002), funded by the University of Padova. 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Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2019 VL 40 BP 288 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.04.017 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA JF1UX UT WOS:000491173800034 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Su, TC AF Su, Tung-Ching TI Environmental risk mapping of physical cultural heritage using an unmanned aerial remote sensing system: A case study of the Huang-Wei monument in Kinmen, Taiwan SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Environmental risk; Physical cultural heritage; Weather; Soil moisture; Slope; UARSS ID SOIL-MOISTURE PRODUCTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEHICLE UAV; VARIABILITY; IMPACT; MODEL; ASSIMILATION; METHODOLOGY; HEIGHT AB Many studies have discussed the multiple risks to cultural heritage sites, however literature that discusses the threat of soil moisture penetrating into physical cultural heritage sites are extremely rare. In this paper, an unmanned aerial remote sensing system (UARSS) was employed to acquire images of the surroundings of the Huang-Wei monument, a physical cultural heritage site in Kinmen, Taiwan, which was coupled with a soil moisture examination in situ to produce thematic maps of soil moisture. The relationships among weather factors, including temperature, relative humidity, wind, and precipitation, as well as terrain factors, were analyzed to establish an environmental risk assessment model. A spatial analysis based on the environmental risk assessment model was implemented in a GIS environment to produce environmental risk maps for the Huang-Wei monument. A field survey demonstrated that the environmental risk maps were reliable and displayed the potential environmental risks to the Huang-Wei monument. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, Tung-Ching] Natl Quemoy Univ, Dept Civil Engn & Engn Management, 1 Da Xue Rd, Kinmen 892, Taiwan. RP Su, TC (reprint author), Natl Quemoy Univ, Dept Civil Engn & Engn Management, 1 Da Xue Rd, Kinmen 892, Taiwan. EM spcyj@nqu.edu.tw FU Ministry of Science and Technology, TaiwanMinistry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 105-2410-H-507-002-, MOST 106-2410-H-507-009-] FX This research was performed within the framework of the projects "A research of risk classification, performance assessment, monitoring and management for historical sites in Kinmen - Environmental issue" (MOST 105-2410-H-507-002-) and "A research of risk classification, performance assessment, monitoring and management for historical sites in Kinmen - Environmental issue (II)" (MOST 106-2410-H-507-009-), as funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan. 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Cult. Herit. PD SEP-OCT PY 2019 VL 39 BP 140 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.03.011 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA IV6GO UT WOS:000484367100015 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Campiani, A Lingle, A Lercari, N AF Campiani, Arianna Lingle, Ashley Lercari, Nicola TI Spatial analysis and heritage conservation: Leveraging 3-D data and GIS for monitoring earthen architecture SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE GIS; Earthen architecture conservation; Catalhoyuk; Digital monitoring; environmental risk; Point clouds comparison ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; RISK; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; PRESERVATION; DAMAGE; MAPS; SITE AB This paper discusses new advances in heritage site monitoring using a geo-spatial method for assessing the state of preservation of earthen architecture overtime as a preventive conservation measure. The proposed method leverages a comprehensive (quantitative-qualitative) approach that gathers multi-temporal data including environmental information collected by means of environmental loggers, qualitative vulnerability assessment of mud-brick walls, and surface change detection information obtained by comparing terrestrial laser scanning point cloud capturing the decay of building's wall features over time. Producing a detailed spatial understanding of the conservation issues that affect mud-brick walls in large earthen sites, this method can be used by conservators to rapidly identify which buildings require immediate intervention and lay the basis for future evaluation of the conservation actions undertaken. To test the effectiveness of the proposed geospatial model in producing a comprehensive view of the environmental risk and pattern of decay that affect mudbrick structures, this paper presents analyses and results obtained in a six-year study at catalhoyiik, Turkey. Our results corroborate the effectiveness of the proposed method and prove that it can be successfully employed to create preventive conservation measures at other earthen sites inside and outside the Near East. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Campiani, Arianna; Lercari, Nicola] Univ Calif Merced, Dept Anthropol & Heritage Studies, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Lingle, Ashley] Cardiff Univ, Sch Hist Archaeol & Relig, John Percival Bldg,Colum Dr, Cardiff CF10 3EU, S Glam, Wales. RP Campiani, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, Dept Anthropol & Heritage Studies, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM ari.arinni@gmail.com; ashlingle@gmail.com; nlercari@ucmerced.edu OI Campiani, Arianna/0000-0002-7877-1548 FU Archaeological Institute of America Site Preservation Grant; University of California President's Catalyst Research Award [CA-16-376911] FX This work was supported by an Archaeological Institute of America Site Preservation Grant and by a University of California President's Catalyst Research Award (Grant ID: CA-16-376911). 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PD SEP-OCT PY 2019 VL 39 BP 166 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.02.011 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA IV6GO UT WOS:000484367100017 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Blanco-Pons, S Carrion-Ruiz, B Lerma, JL Villaverde, V AF Blanco-Pons, Silvia Carrion-Ruiz, Berta Luis Lerma, Jose Villaverde, Valentin TI Design and implementation of an augmented reality application for rock art visualization in Cova dels Cavalls (Spain) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Archaeology; Augmented reality (AR); Dissemination; Levantine rock art; ARToolKit; Cultural heritage; Mobile application ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; 3D RECONSTRUCTION; VIRTUAL RECONSTRUCTION; DIGITAL PRESERVATION; POSE ESTIMATION; DOCUMENTATION; SYSTEM; GUIDE AB Prehistoric rock art paintings, specifically rock-shelters exposed to environmental and anthropogenic factors, are usually faint and severely damaged, being them difficult to identify and understand by visitors. Augmented Reality (AR) supplements reality with virtual information superimposed onto the real world. This sensor-based technology in smartphones/tablets can improve the paintings experience displaying the 2D digital tracings overlapped onto the real scene (rock with faint paintings). This paper presents an AR application (app) developed in Cova dels Cavalls that shows a recreation of a possible original composition full of motifs with descriptive information to improve current guided tour user experiences. This case study aims to evaluate the rock art AR app targeting non-expert visitors as a means of improving rock art knowledge and sensibility of a fragile archaeological UNESCO Work Heritage site. To achieve this, a variety of participants with different backgrounds and interests tested the AR app on site and answered a complete questionnaire about the use of AR mobile apps. Overall, the results showed great acceptance of this AR app, mainly because in addition to adding new information interactively, it helps to identify the rock art motifs, as well as to recognise them quickly, improving their understanding. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Blanco-Pons, Silvia; Carrion-Ruiz, Berta; Luis Lerma, Jose] Univ Politecn Valencia, Photogrammetry & Laser Scanning Res Grp GIFLE, Dept Cartog Engn Geodesy & Photogrammetry, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. [Villaverde, Valentin] Univ Valencia, Dept Prehist Arqueol & Hist Antiga, Valencia, Spain. RP Blanco-Pons, S (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, Photogrammetry & Laser Scanning Res Grp GIFLE, Dept Cartog Engn Geodesy & Photogrammetry, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. EM silblapo@doctor.upv.es; bercarru@doctor.upv.es; jllerma@cgf.upv.es; valentin.villaverde@uv.es RI Lerma, Jose Luis/C-2986-2014; Villaverde, Valentin/L-2153-2015 OI Lerma, Jose Luis/0000-0001-9443-9214; Carrion-Ruiz, Berta/0000-0001-5965-8833; Villaverde, Valentin/0000-0002-2876-0306 FU Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [HAR201459873-R] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad to the project HAR201459873-R. The authors acknowledge the authorisation of the Conselleria d'Educacio, Investigacio, Cultura i Esports the chance to carry out research at this exceptional archaeological site. 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Balint, Daniel S. Charalambides, Maria N. TI Reconstruction of historical temperature and relative humidity cycles within Knole House, Kent SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Fourier transform; Historic environment; Knole House; Panel paintings; Temperature and relative humidity cycles ID ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; FUTURE CLIMATE; INDOOR; IMPACT; DAMAGE AB It is essential for the preservation of cultural heritage that the effects of climate change are investigated. With this in mind, the daily temperature and relative humidity (RH) cycles within the Brown Gallery at Knole House, Kent, have been reconstructed for the period 1605-2015 enabling the study of low-cycle environmental fatigue on a set of seventeenth century panel paintings. By establishing a relationship between the temperature in the Brown Gallery and the Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) dataset over a sixteen year period (2000-2015), it is possible to use the full HadCET dataset to obtain the daily minimum and maximum temperatures in the Brown Gallery for the period 1878-2015. Using a Fourier series to fit the periodic data it is then possible to extrapolate back to 1605. Furthermore, correction factors derived using the HadCET average daily temperature in the period 1772-1877 and average monthly temperature in the period 1659-1771 are applied to the temperature data to increase the model accuracy. The daily minimum and maximum RH for the period 1605-2015 are obtained using the Brown Gallery maximum and minimum temperatures respectively, and assuming that the daily dew point temperature at Knole is calculated by subtracting a monthly-dependent constant from the daily minimum temperature at Knole, thus enabling the calculation of the daily actual water vapour pressure of air. Changes in RH are a result of the daily temperature cycle changing the saturation vapour pressure of air in the gallery. This data is valuable as it enables a study of the effects of low-cycle fatigue on the seventeenth century panel paintings housed in the Brown Gallery at Knole House, Kent due to these temperature and relative humidity cycles. Furthermore, the method presented offers a technique that can be utilised to replicate the internal environment for any unheated monument building so that the effects of past and future temperature and humidity cycles on cultural heritage can be examined. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Wood, Joseph D.; Taylor, Ambrose C.; Balint, Daniel S.; Charalambides, Maria N.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Mech Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Gauvin, Cecilia; Young, Christina R. T.] Univ Glasgow, Coll Arts, Sch Culture & Creat Arts, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Wood, JD (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, Dept Mech Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM joseph.wood@imperial.ac.uk; m.charalambides@imperial.ac.uk OI Taylor, Ambrose/0000-0003-0863-8423 FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)Engineering & Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P003613/1] FX The authors would like to thank Nigel Blades, Diana jaskierny, Christine Sitwell, Knole House, The National Trust and The Courtauld Institute of Art. Funding for this work was provided by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC) under grant reference EP/P003613/1. The source for the Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) dataset was www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs. CR Allen R. 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Cult. Herit. PD SEP-OCT PY 2019 VL 39 BP 212 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.04.006 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA IV6GO UT WOS:000484367100021 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Chatoutsidou, SE Lazaridis, M AF Chatoutsidou, Sofia Eirini Lazaridis, Mihalis TI Assessment of the impact of particulate dry deposition on soiling of indoor cultural heritage objects found in churches and museums/libraries SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Dry deposition; Deposition velocity; PM; Soiling; Cultural heritage ID AIR-POLLUTION; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION; MEDIEVAL CHURCHES; BAROQUE LIBRARY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; QUALITY; DETERIORATION; MONUMENTS; MUSEUM AB The impact from the indoor dry deposition of size-resolved particles was investigated in the present study. Published data from a baroque library in Prague, two medieval churches in Cyprus and two historical churches in Poland were used in the present study. Values of the deposition velocity v(d) obtained in literature from these studies were used to examine the comparative impact on the preservation of indoor collections in relation to particle size and indoor concentrations. The number of deposited particles was estimated at different particle sizes for cases where number concentration data were available whilst the mass flux towards indoor surfaces was obtained from the particle mass size distribution. Additionally, a dose-response function was implemented to investigate the acceptable level of soiling regarding the aesthetic impact from the deposition of indoor particulate matter. The results demonstrate that higher number of deposited particles are found in the lower part of the size distribution (fine particles), whereas, an opposite behavior was obtained for the mass flux where higher flux was obtained for coarse particles. These findings were directly associated with indoor particle dynamics at the different sizes and the corresponding concentrations. Particularly, higher accumulation on indoor surfaces by fine particles was linked with a relative effect of these particles for deposition on vertical-oriented surfaces whereas the large amount of deposited mass arising from coarse particles was attributed to a potential impact on horizontal surfaces. Furthermore, the dose-response function showed a proportional relationship between the soiling constant and the PM10 concentration, with indoor sites characterized by elevated concentrations being more risky for the preservation of indoor works of art. In general, the results of the present study highlight the necessity of a common assessment of the indoor particle size distribution and the corresponding chemical composition for better analysis of the effect due to dry particle deposition. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Chatoutsidou, Sofia Eirini; Lazaridis, Mihalis] Tech Univ Crete, Sch Environm Engn, Khania 73100, Greece. RP Chatoutsidou, SE (reprint author), Tech Univ Crete, Sch Environm Engn, Khania 73100, Greece. EM sochatoutsidou@isc.tuc.gr FU European Union (ERDF)European Union (EU); National Funds of Greece and Cyprus FX This work was performed under the Operational Cross-Border Cooperation Programme Mouseia "Greece-Cyprus 2007-2013" and was co-financed by the European Union (ERDF) (80%) and National Funds of Greece and Cyprus (20%). CR Anaf W., 2015, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, p[506, 361] Anaf W, 2013, ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R, V20, P1849, DOI 10.1007/s11356-012-1086-7 Andelova L., 2010, E PRESERV SCI, V7, P141 Andretta M, 2017, J CULT HERIT, V23, P22, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.08.001 [Anonymous], 2005, 5FPRTD EU Balocco C, 2016, J CULT HERIT, V22, P956, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.05.009 Barca D, 2014, APPL GEOCHEM, V48, P122, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.07.002 Baricza A, 2016, CARPATH J EARTH ENV, V11, P449 Bartl B, 2016, STUD CONSERV, V61, P203, DOI 10.1179/2047058414Y.0000000158 Bellan LM, 2000, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V34, P1946, DOI 10.1021/es990769f Brimblecombe P, 2005, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V349, P175, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.01.009 CAMUFFO D, 1998, [No title captured] Chatoutsidou SE, 2015, BUILD ENVIRON, V89, P253, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.02.029 Christodoulakis J, 2018, ATMOS ENVIRON, V185, P91, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.04.052 Davidson CI, 2000, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V34, P560, DOI 10.1021/es990520y de la Fuente M, 2013, ATALANTE, P14 Di Turo F, 2016, ENVIRON POLLUT, V218, P586, DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.042 Gordon A., 2012, EFFECT BLACK CARBON Grau-Bove J, 2016, HERIT SCI, V4, DOI 10.1186/s40494-016-0071-8 Grau-Bove J, 2013, HERIT SCI, V1, DOI 10.1186/2050-7445-1-8 Grossi CM, 2004, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V38, P3971, DOI 10.1021/es0353762 Hinds W.C., 1999, AEROSOL TECHNOLOGY Karaca F, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.04.011 Katsanos NA, 1999, J HAZARD MATER, V64, P21, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3894(98)00241-6 Krupinska B, 2013, MICROCHEM J, V110, P350, DOI 10.1016/j.microc.2013.05.006 Kucera V, 1995, WATER AIR SOIL POLL, V85, P153, DOI 10.1007/BF00483697 Kuzmichev AA, 2016, PROCEDIA ENGINEER, V150, P2095, DOI 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.244 La Russa MF, 2017, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V593, P297, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.185 Lai ACK, 2000, J AEROSOL SCI, V31, P463 Lai ACK, 2002, INDOOR AIR, V12, P211, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0668.2002.01159.x Lazaridis M, 2018, J CULT HERIT, V30, P136, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.09.018 Loupa G, 2006, ATMOS ENVIRON, V40, P7457, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.015 Loupa G, 2010, ENVIRON POLLUT, V158, P2946, DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.06.005 Marchetti A, 2017, BUILD ENVIRON, V126, P132, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.09.022 Maskova L, 2017, BUILD ENVIRON, V120, P77, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.05.009 Maskova L, 2016, AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES, V16, P1713, DOI 10.4209/aaqr.2016.01.0044 METALLO MC, 1995, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V171, P163, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04690-0 Mleczkowska A, 2017, BUILD SIMUL-CHINA, V10, P383, DOI 10.1007/s12273-016-0335-y Mleczkowska A, 2016, BUILD ENVIRON, V95, P291, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.09.017 Nava S, 2010, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V408, P1403, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.07.030 NAZAROFF WW, 1990, AEROSOL SCI TECH, V13, P332, DOI 10.1080/02786829008959449 Ozga I, 2014, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V490, P776, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.084 Patron D, 2017, ATMOS ENVIRON, V170, P22, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.09.030 Pereira LD, 2017, ENRGY PROCED, V133, P257, DOI 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.385 Schito E, 2017, BUILD ENVIRON, V123, P585, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.07.039 Spolnik Z, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P7, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.09.003 van den Brink OF, 2000, THERMOCHIM ACTA, V365, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0040-6031(00)00609-2 Watt J., 2009, EFFECTS AIR POLLUTIO, DOI [10.1007/978-0-387-84893-84, DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-84893-84] Watt J, 2008, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V400, P415, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.024 Zannetti P., 1990, AIR POLLUTION MODELI NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP-OCT PY 2019 VL 39 BP 221 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.02.017 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA IV6GO UT WOS:000484367100022 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Becerra, J Mateo, M Ortiz, P Nicolas, G Zaderenko, AP AF Becerra, Javier Mateo, Maripaz Ortiz, Pilar Nicolas, Gines Paula Zaderenko, Ana TI Evaluation of the applicability of nano-biocide treatments on limestones used in cultural heritage SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society / Symposium BB / Symposium V / Sympoisum CC on Cultural Heritage - Materials, Techniques and Knowledge Perspectives on a Common Identity CY JUN 18-22, 2018 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE SP European Mat Res Soc DE Biocide; Colourimetry; Cultural heritage; LIBS; Limestone; Silver/titanium nanocomposite ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; STONE SURFACES; PREVENTING BIODETERIORATION; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; DOPED TIO2; NANOCOATINGS; ANATASE; MICROORGANISMS; COLONIZATION; EFFICIENCY AB One of the main problems in the conservation of historical buildings and archaeological sites is the one caused by biodeterioration. Biopatina, biocrust or biofouling generate aesthetical changes and induce degradation processes within the stone matrix. In this work, three treatments based on silver nanoparticles and silver/titanium dioxide nanocomposites have been studied as potential biocides for limestones: citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles, silver/TiO2 nanocomposites and citrate-stabilized silver/TiO2 nanocomposites. These treatments were synthesized following a bottom-up method, using or not a stabilizing agent (citrate), and have been characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering and Raman spectroscopy. These treatments were applied on limestones from three different Spanish quarries located in Utrera (Seville), El Puerto de Santa Maria (Cadiz) and Novelda (Alicante). The aesthetical modification of limestone surfaces was studied by colorimetric techniques and the effectiveness of protection against biofouling formation was tested using an accelerated biofouling growth assay. The best results were obtained for the treatments based on citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles. The effectiveness of the treatments depends on their penetration depth in the stone matrix and in this study, we have used Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to determine the depth profiles of nanocomposite presence in the stone matrix. Our results demonstrate that nanocomposites based on citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles can be useful for the treatment of historical buildings and archaeological sites made of limestone, without producing high colour increments. Additionally, we have demonstrated the suitability of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for the detection of silver/TiO2 nanocomposites and for the generation of depth profiles. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Becerra, Javier; Ortiz, Pilar; Paula Zaderenko, Ana] Univ Pablo Olavide, Dept Sistemas Fis Quim & Nat, Ctra Utrera Km 1, ES-41013 Seville, Spain. [Mateo, Maripaz; Nicolas, Gines] Univ A Coruna, Laser Applicat Lab, Dept Ingn Ind 2, C Mendizabal S-N, ES-15403 Ferrol, Spain. RP Becerra, J (reprint author), Univ Pablo Olavide, Dept Sistemas Fis Quim & Nat, Ctra Utrera Km 1, ES-41013 Seville, Spain. RI Becerra, Javier/S-1826-2019; Mateo, Maripaz P/M-2350-2014; Ortiz, Pilar/J-1324-2014 OI Becerra, Javier/0000-0002-3360-4017; Mateo, Maripaz P/0000-0002-5686-9747; Zaderenko Partida, Ana Paula/0000-0003-2504-9065; Ortiz, Pilar/0000-0002-8547-7531 FU Ministerio de Economia y CompetitividadSpanish Government [BIA2015-64878-R, CTQ2013-48396-P]; Art-Risk, RETOS project of (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional); Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte (Spain [FPU14/05348]; University Pablo de Olavide [AE-18-1] FX This study has been partially supported by the projects: BIA2015-64878-R (Art-Risk, RETOS project of Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional), CTQ2013-48396-P (Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional) and the research teams TEP-199, P1O-FQM-6615 and FQM-319 from Junta de Andalucia. J. Becerra is grateful to the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte (Spain) for his pre-doctoral fellowship (FPU14/05348), to the University Pablo de Olavide for funding his pre-doctoral research stay (Ref. AE-18-1) and to the University Ecclesiastical Academy of Thessaloniki for his stay as visiting researcher. 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Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2019 VL 38 BP 126 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.02.010 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA ID5VU UT WOS:000471746100015 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Zou, Z Zhao, XF Zhao, P Qi, F Wang, NN AF Zou, Zheng Zhao, Xuefeng Zhao, Peng Qi, Fei Wang, Niannian TI CNN-based statistics and location estimation of missing components in routine inspection of historic buildings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historic building; Deep learning; CNN; Faster R-CNN; Missing components; Object detection; Intelligent inspection ID DEEP; CLASSIFICATION AB Ancient buildings have a high cultural and historical value. In the process of their protection and maintenance, it is crucial to conduct regular routine inspections on them. During the regular routine inspections, the identification and statistics for components on historic buildings are of great significance to conservators, managers and visitors. However, the current identification and statistics work is almost carried out by human eyes, which is time consuming and labor intensive. Actually, this work can be done by artificial intelligence. In order to promote the intelligent development of routine inspections of historic buildings, this paper proposes a methodology in the case of the Forbidden City to identify and count the numbers of intact and impaired components based on Convolutional Neural Network. The applied algorithm is Faster R-CNN, which is an effective object detection algorithm for 2D images. In addition, the positions of the missing components can be inferred and marked in the images as their regularity of the positional arrangement. This methodology can lay the foundation for the subsequent intelligent inspection system of the historic buildings. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Zou, Zheng; Zhao, Xuefeng; Wang, Niannian] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, State Key Lab Coastal & Offshore, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Peng; Qi, Fei] Palace Museum, Architectural Heritage Dept, Beijing 100006, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, XF (reprint author), Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, State Key Lab Coastal & Offshore, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. EM zhaoxf@dlut.edu.cn FU [20180308] FX Thanks financial supports of Research on Identification of Information and Diseases of Building Components of Forbidden City Based on Artificial Intelligence (20180308). 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PD JUL-AUG PY 2019 VL 38 BP 221 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.02.002 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA ID5VU UT WOS:000471746100025 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Fidanza, MR Caneva, G AF Fidanza, Maria Rosaria Caneva, Giulia TI Natural biocides for the conservation of stone cultural heritage: A review SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Review DE Antimicrobial substances; Innovative biocides; Stone biodeterioration; Essential oils ID HEAT-SHOCK TREATMENTS; ESSENTIAL OILS; BIOLOGICAL COLONIZATION; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; GREEN BIOCIDES; FUNGI; BIOFILMS; WATER; BIODETERIORATION AB The use of traditional biocides to reduce bio-deterioration phenomena of stone monuments is increasingly deterred, due to risks for human health and the environment, as well as for potential interference with materials. Extensive research is now ongoing, aiming to find alternative and eco-friendly substances or methods to halt or reduce bio-deterioration. Here we aim to provide an assessment of the results of scientific tests, in order to evaluate the most promising substances, likewise possible deficiencies and future directions in research. We performed an extensive literature review on natural biocides for controlling bio-deterioration of stone using peer-reviewed articles between 1986 and 2018. The dataset created displays information about the experimentation of a total of 61 natural substances, mostly essential oils (23), or substances of plant origin and other compounds. The methods of application of such biocides were diverse, but the in vitro tests were the prevailing ones. The most tested organisms were fungi, followed by cyanobacteria and algae. 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PD JUL-AUG PY 2019 VL 38 BP 271 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2019.01.005 PG 16 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA ID5VU UT WOS:000471746100030 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Marchetti, N Curci, A Gatto, MC Nicolini, S Muhl, S Zaina, F AF Marchetti, Nicole Curci, Antonio Gatto, Maria Carmela Nicolini, Serena Muehl, Simone Zaina, Federico TI A multi-scalar approach for assessing the impact of dams on the cultural heritage in the Middle East and North Africa SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Dams; Multi scalar Approach; Cultural Heritage; Near East; Euphrates river; Aswan dam ID SATELLITE IMAGERY; ARCHAEOLOGY; SCIENCE; TURKEY AB This paper provides a detailed assessment on the impact of dams on archaeological sites in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and emphasizes the lack of established protocols for documenting and preserving cultural heritage at the local, national and international level. We considered four case studies at different scales-Turkey, the Euphrates river, the two Aswan dams and the planned Makhul dam-in order to identify different issues related to the construction of dams as well as to propose some best practices for pre-flooding assessment of dam impact on cultural heritage. Our method integrates archaeological and geo-spatial open-access datasets, organized in a GIS environment made available through the online platform http://www.orientlab.net/orientdams/in order to foster data sharing and research replicability. We have mapped almost 2500 flooded archaeological sites and approximately 1300 km of ancient rivers submerged by dam reservoirs in the selected case studies across the MENA area. These numbers are actually incomplete, since large portions of the reservoir areas have not been systematically investigated. We conclude by underlining the urgent need for strategies for the documentation and protection of archaeological sites and monuments in the planning of hydraulic infrastructures at the international, national and local levels, as well as the need for a general operative protocol. Funders of development works, first and foremost the World Bank, should review their current policies, which do not offer sufficient protection of cultural heritage. (c) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Marchetti, Nicole; Curci, Antonio; Nicolini, Serena; Zaina, Federico] Univ Bologna, Dept Hist & Cultures DiSCi, Piazza San Giovanni Monte 2, I-40124 Bologna, Italy. [Gatto, Maria Carmela] Univ Leicester, Sch Archaeol & Ancient Hist, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Muehl, Simone] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Inst Near Eastern Archaeol, Geschwister Scholl Pl 1, D-80539 Munich, Germany. RP Marchetti, N (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Hist & Cultures DiSCi, Piazza San Giovanni Monte 2, I-40124 Bologna, Italy. EM nicolo.marchetti@unibo.it; antonio.curci@unibo.it; mcg25@le.ac.uk; serena.nicolini90@gmail.com; Simone.Muehl@vaa.fak12.uni-muenchen.de; fedenco.zaina@unibo.it RI Zaina, Federico/AAM-1876-2020; Gatto, Maria Carmela/F-1662-2018 OI Zaina, Federico/0000-0003-1525-1462; Gatto, Maria Carmela/0000-0002-8068-5390; Muhl, Simone/0000-0001-7135-7961 FU Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DGPS directorate - 6th Office); EUEuropean Union (EU) [EuropAid CSOLA/2016/382-631]; Gerda Henkel Foundation FX This paper stems from the work carried out by a unit of the University of Bologna working on the impact of dams on the cultural heritage directed by Nicolo Marchetti within the framework of the EU Horizon 2020 JPI project "HeAT. Heritage and Threat" (2015-2018) coordinated by Ingolf Thuesen (University of Copenhagen) a project aiming at systematically analysing actual and perceived threats to cultural heritage and at developing tools and strategies for confronting them. We thank Michael Campeggi for bibliographical research. Data and satellite imagery credits are acknowledged in the text. All maps and graphic processing are by the authors in collaboration with Gabriele Bitelli and Francesca Franci of the Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM) - University of Bologna, who have also helped setting up the remote sensing routines and GIS infrastructure for the Turkish study case. The fieldwork and data collection in Turkey, Iraq and Egypt was financially supported by the Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DGPS directorate - 6th Office) and the EU-funded project EDUU-Education and Cultural Heritage Enhancement for Social Cohesion in Iraq (EuropAid CSOLA/2016/382-631). The archaeological data of the Iraqi MDP expeditions were provided by the project "Kulturlandschaft und Siedlungsgeschichte am kleinen Zab, Irak" and have been analysed within the associated PhD project "Siedlungsgeschichte des mittleren Osttigrisgebiets" (Muhl, 2013), both based at the University of Heidelberg and funded by the Gerda Henkel Foundation (2007-2010). Individual paragraphs in this paper have been credited by the initials of the authors. CR Abdul-Amir S. 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PD MAY-JUN PY 2019 VL 37 BP 17 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.10.007 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HU8HO UT WOS:000465527700003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Turk, J Pranjic, AM Hursthouse, A Turner, R Hughes, JJ AF Turk, Janez Pranjic, Alenka Mauko Hursthouse, Andrew Turner, Robert Hughes, John J. TI Decision support criteria and the development of a decision support tool for the selection of conservation materials for the built cultural heritage SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Cultural heritage; Criteria evaluation; Questionnaire; Decision tool; Consolidants; Preservatives ID COATINGS AB Significant criteria for choosing materials (consolidants and protective coatings) for the conservation of the built cultural heritage were gathered from the literature and by consultation with experts working on the preservation of cultural heritage. Ten criteria were chosen from these, and a questionnaire was prepared and sent to stakeholders in the cultural heritage conservation domain in order to evaluate, score and rank the importance of the proposed criteria. Based on the results obtained a decision support toolwas developed, aimed at conservators and other stakeholders, to helpthemtomakesustainable decisions with regard to the selection of conservation materials for treatment of the built cultural heritage. Performance characteristics and health and safety were identified to be the most important criteria. A preliminary decision can be made based on these two criteria, however, reversibility, minimum intervention and re-treatability are also of very high importance and additional information about these characteristics of the material are required to support decisions. Information about environmental performance, peer recommendation, the application techniques, the price and availability of the materials, which are also integrated in decision support tools, can help conservators and stakeholders to reach a final decision on interventions. The study also provides feedback for the manufacturers of conservation materials. For the users of material, it is very important that the manufacturers clearly identify key characteristics (i.e. criteria) on the product, including those related with environmental performance of the materials. (c) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Turk, Janez; Pranjic, Alenka Mauko] Slovenian Natl Bldg & Civil Engn Inst, Dimiceva Ulica 12, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Hursthouse, Andrew] Univ West Scotland, Sch Sci & Sport, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. [Turner, Robert] Eura Conservat Ltd, Halesfield 19, Telford, Shrops, England. [Hughes, John J.] Univ West Scotland, Sch Engn & Comp, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. RP Hughes, JJ (reprint author), Univ West Scotland, Sch Engn & Comp, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. EM janez.turk@zag.si; alenka.mauko@zag.si; Andrew.Hursthouse@uws.ac.uk; Robert.Turner@eura.co.uk; john.hughes@uws.ac.uk RI Hursthouse, Andrew/A-9005-2010; Hughes, John/Q-3740-2019 OI Hursthouse, Andrew/0000-0003-3690-2957; Hughes, John/0000-0001-7633-9607 FU European CommissionEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre [282992]; Slovenian Research AgencySlovenian Research Agency - Slovenia [P2-0273] FX We would like to acknowledge the European Commission's financial support for the HEROMAT project (FP7/2011-2015, project reference: 282992).; The authors also acknowledge the financial support provided by the Slovenian Research Agency (Research Core Funding No. P2-0273). 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C. J., 2005, ICOM CC 14 TRIENN M, V1, P120 2018, J CLEAN PROD, V181, P293, DOI DOI 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2018.01.087 NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2019 VL 37 BP 44 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.10.001 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HU8HO UT WOS:000465527700005 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Weng, JJ Zhang, XG Jia, MH Zhang, J AF Weng, Jiajia Zhang, Xiaogang Jia, Minghao Zhang, Jie TI Deacidification of aged papers using dispersion of Ca(OH)(2) nanoparticles in subcritical 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Calcium hydroxide; Nanoparticle; Subcritical R134a; Paper deacidification ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; CALCIUM HYDROXIDE NANOPARTICLES; MASS DEACIDIFICATION; CULTURAL-HERITAGE; CONSERVATION; PRESERVATION; SOLUBILITY; PARTICLES; ALCOHOLS; BOOKS AB An effective and integrated method for deacidification has become an urgent issue in the conversation of paper-based materials with natural aging of books, archives and paper relics. In this research, an efficiency of innovative method for paper deacidification using subcritical R134a combined with presynthetic Ca(OH)(2) nanoparticles was evaluated by pH, alkaline reserve, colorimetry and tensile strength. The physicochemical properties of the deacidifying agents and paper samples before and after deacidification were characterized by XRD, SEM and FTIR. Compared with traditional spraying method for Ca(OH)(2) nanoparticles, the subcritical R134a deacidification system (due to its good solvent diffusivity and compatibility) had an obvious advantage in evaluations for all the paper samples. The innovative deacidification was expected to realize the integration of cleaning and deacidification in one working procedure. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Weng, Jiajia; Zhang, Xiaogang; Jia, Minghao; Zhang, Jie] Renmin Univ China, Dept Chem, Beijing 100872, Peoples R China. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2019 VL 37 BP 137 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.12.001 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HU8HO UT WOS:000465527700015 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Vidal, F Vicente, R Silva, JM AF Vidal, Fabio Vicente, Romeu Silva, J. Mendes TI Review of environmental and air pollution impacts on built heritage: 10 questions on corrosion and soiling effects for urban intervention SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Review DE Cultural heritage; Atmospheric corrosion; Soiling; Field exposure; Pollution mitigation; Building vulnerability ID LOW-EMISSION ZONES; ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION; CARBON-STEEL; WEATHERING STEEL; PARTICULATE MATTER; CULTURAL-HERITAGE; BUILDING STONES; BLACK CRUSTS; SUBTROPICAL AREAS; 2 SITES AB For many decades, countless studies have been performed regarding the effects of the environment on traditional building materials, presenting methods to mostly quantify phenomena such as the corrosion of metals, stone degradation and soiling. Driven by concerning levels of air pollution in the late 1980's, many large international programmes such as the ICP-Materials, MICAT and ISOCORRAG have been testing worldwide material behaviour when exposed to acidifying pollutants, causing corrosion of metals and stone recession. Numerous individual studies have also contributed to a higher understanding of pollution effects on materials, including soiling studies. The methodologies mostly consist of open exposure of standard samples, either for short, mid or long periods, followed by a statistical analysis of the results, in order to develop accurate prediction formulations used for mapping exercises and to determine areas at risk. Considering all the available information, the contribution of this work is to perform an extensive bibliographic review, organized in the form of 10 basic questions that attempt to present and describe the effects of pollution on materials and practical ways to determine risk areas at urban scales and implement well-supported pollution mitigation strategies. The answers to these questions always take into consideration a more practical approach towards the identification of potential risk and subsequent intervention. Additionally, a new methodology regarding the assessment of environmental effects on actual buildings is discussed for the preservation of historic city centres, through the identification of potentially vulnerable buildings regarding deterioration effects by atmospheric corrosion, soiling and stone degradation. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Vidal, Fabio; Vicente, Romeu] Univ Aveiro, Dept Civil Engn, RISCO, Campus Univ Santiago, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. [Silva, J. Mendes] Univ Coimbra, Dept Civil Engn, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, LAETA,Polo Univ Coimbra 2, Rua Silvio Lima, P-3030790 Coimbra, Portugal. RP Vidal, F (reprint author), Univ Aveiro, Dept Civil Engn, RISCO, Campus Univ Santiago, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. EM fabiovidal@ua.pt; romvil@ua.pt; raimundo@dec.uc.pt RI Vicente, Romeu/G-6244-2011 OI Vicente, Romeu/0000-0002-5456-1642 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT)Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PTDC/ECM-URB/3329/2014] FX This work was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) in the framework of the research project "TRAPHIC - Traffic related air pollution impacts on historic city centres: an integrated approach", reference PTDC/ECM-URB/3329/2014. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2019 VL 37 BP 273 EP 295 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.11.006 PG 23 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HU8HO UT WOS:000465527700030 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Psomadaki, OI Dimoulas, CA Kalliris, GM Paschalidis, G AF Psomadaki, Ofilia I. Dimoulas, Charalampos A. Kalliris, George M. Paschalidis, Gregory TI Digital storytelling and audience engagement in cultural heritage management: A collaborative model based on the Digital City of Thessaloniki SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Collaborative heritage management; Mediated cultural experience; Non-linear storytelling; Arts participation; Audience engagement; Crowdsourcing; Heritage policy AB Cities are complex, networked and continuously changing social ecosystems, shaped and transformed through the interaction of different interests and ambitions. They are linked to places, where various aspects of past events are projected and expressed by means of personal memories and narrations (urban memory), representing a promise for future: a vision of freedom, creativity, opportunity and prosperity. At the same time, technology is currently promoting unprecedented changes in urban areas, which are often marked as smart city developments. This paper studies the history of cultural and creative industries, bringing forward the dedicated digital storytelling strategies that promote active audience engagement in urban cultural heritage. A collaborative model is proposed and analyzed (in multiple perspectives), aiming at providing an integrated manner for heritage documentation, management and dissemination. The development deals with the Digital City of Thessaloniki, Greece, a big city, not a boundless one, rich in culture, but with rather poor heritage management mechanisms. The research focuses on theoretical and practical aspects for the citizen's collection and interpretation of "digital heritage" documents (artifacts, places, etc.), resulting in a model that fuels audience engagement and collaboration of cultural organizations. Model-design is validated through state-of-the-art review and formative evaluation processes (both qualitative and quantitative), with an associated SWOT analysis that points out strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Although the proposed methodology has been adapted to the needs of a particular (digital) city, the current paper goes beyond a case study, as it brings forward novel technological and methodological guidelines, which could be successfully deployed in districts with similar cultural, geographical, and technical features. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Psomadaki, Ofilia I.; Dimoulas, Charalampos A.; Kalliris, George M.; Paschalidis, Gregory] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Journalism & Mass Commun, Lab Elect Media, Univ Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. RP Dimoulas, CA (reprint author), Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Journalism & Mass Commun, Lab Elect Media, Univ Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2019 VL 36 BP 12 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.07.016 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HN6QW UT WOS:000460311800002 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Agusti, CJ Josep, LIG Sergio, CP Monica, LP AF Agusti, Costa-Jover Josep, Lluis i Ginovart Sergio, Coll-Pla Piquer Monica, Lopez TI Using the terrestrial laser scanner and simple methodologies for geometrically assessing complex masonry vaults SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Terrestrial laser scanner; Geometrical assessment; Vault; Gothic; Tortosa Cathedral ID CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY; CONSTRUCTION; STRUCTURES. AB In recent years, the development of massive data capture techniques, such as the Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS), has raised the possibility of developing new procedures for assessing architectural heritage. The 3D models that can be obtained through these techniques are a tool of great potential for both conservation purposes and historical and architectural studies. This paper proposes a simple, non-invasive methodology for assessing masonry vaults from the point clouds, making it possible to obtain relevant data on formal anomalies. The methodology was tested in the Gothic Tortosa Cathedral's vaults. This study found geometrical differences between vaults, a priori equal, which were related to the partially-known construction phases. The procedure can be applied easily to other vaulted constructions of any kind but is especially useful in dealing with the complex geometry of Gothic masonry vaults. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Agusti, Costa-Jover; Sergio, Coll-Pla] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Architecture Dept, Tarragona, Spain. [Josep, Lluis i Ginovart; Piquer Monica, Lopez] Univ Int Catalunya, Sch Architecture Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2019 VL 36 BP 247 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.10.003 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HN6QW UT WOS:000460311800026 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Musolino, M Arico, F Tundo, P AF Musolino, Manuele Arico, Fabio Tundo, Pietro TI An innovative and sustainable approach to spray paint graffiti removal from Istrian stone through the silica sol-gel chemistry: A preliminary assessment SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Graffiti spray paint; Graffiti removal agents; Conservation of cultural heritage; Green methodology; Istrian stone; Organic carbonates; Silica gels ID CONSERVATION AB A sustainable methodology to synthesise and screen libraries of new low-environmental impact products, suitable for removing graffiti and murals from historic building, masonries and stone artworks has been developed. This approach provided a novel series of two-component systems by combining silica sol-gel chemistry and dimethyl carbonate. The solid matrixes were hybrid silica gels, which were synthesised in basic conditions by using ethylene and propylene glycols as organic co-solvents. Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) was the green organic solvent to load into the gel. The efficiency of three new systems in adsorbing/trapping commercial red aerosol spray paint was investigated through an ad hoc test tube extraction evaluation and on mock stained samples of Istrian stones. Data provided by NMR spectroscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy led to the identification of a promising cleaning agent, paving the way to its full characterisation and features improvement. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Musolino, Manuele; Arico, Fabio; Tundo, Pietro] Ca Foscari Univ, Dept Environm Sci Informat & Stat, Sci Campus,Via Torino 155, I-30172 Venice, Italy. RP Tundo, P (reprint author), Ca Foscari Univ, Dept Environm Sci Informat & Stat, Sci Campus,Via Torino 155, I-30172 Venice, Italy. EM tundop@unive.it RI Arico, Fabio/L-1646-2019 OI Arico, Fabio/0000-0002-9946-4803; Musolino, Manuele/0000-0002-3770-3012 FU Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) [SCN_00520] FX We want to acknowledge the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) for the financial support: Innovazione di prodotto e di processo per una manutenzione, conservazione e restauro sostenibile e programmato del patrimonio culturale - (SCN_00520) project smart cities and communities and social innovations on cultural heritage. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2019 VL 36 BP 268 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.08.003 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HN6QW UT WOS:000460311800029 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Tserevelakis, GJ Pozo-Antonio, JS Siozos, P Rivas, T Pouli, P Zacharakis, G AF Tserevelakis, George J. Santiago Pozo-Antonio, Jose Siozos, Panagiotis Rivas, Teresa Pouli, Paraskevi Zacharakis, Giannis TI On-line photoacoustic monitoring of laser cleaning on stone: Evaluation of cleaning effectiveness and detection of potential damage to the substrate SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Photoacoustic; Monitoring; Laser cleaning; Marble; Spray-graffiti; Damage; Cultural heritage ID REMOVAL; GRAFFITI AB Laser-assisted removal of unwanted layers is well established in Cultural Heritage (CH), however material extraction and potential side-effects to the substrate must be reliably determined and monitored. Several non-invasive analytical techniques have been employed after cleaning, but on-line assessment of the process itself and its consequences on the authentic surface is still an open issue. In this context, a comprehensive statistical methodology was introduced, which integrates low noise photoacoustic (PA) amplitude measurements in the MHz regime, aiming to establish robust correlations with the onsets that denote three discreet stages of laser cleaning interventions, namely over-layer ablation, effective cleaning and damaged substrate. To demonstrate the monitoring capabilities of this novel approach, a rather simple and straightforward laser cleaning application was selected, involving the removal of black graffiti from white marble. The intrinsic acoustic signals induced through the intense absorption of pulsed infrared radiation by the paint layer, were compared with the cleaning levels obtained at different irradiation conditions, while the treated marble surface was assessed by means of various cutting-edge analytical techniques. Along these lines, a set of color-coded graphs of the normalized PA signal evolution as a function of the number of pulses was generated for different fluence values. The graphs provided an inherent visual representation of the monitoring process, revealing clearly a progressively lower degree of control for higher fluences, since the effective cleaning extent appears to become narrower. It was therefore demonstrated that the proposed analysis could reliably predict both the effective cleaning and substrate's damage onsets, improving significantly the outcome of laser cleaning process for various cases. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Tserevelakis, George J.; Santiago Pozo-Antonio, Jose; Siozos, Panagiotis; Pouli, Paraskevi; Zacharakis, Giannis] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas IESL FORTH, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, POB 1385, Iraklion 71110, Greece. [Santiago Pozo-Antonio, Jose; Rivas, Teresa] Univ Vigo, Escola Enxenaria Minas & Enerxia, Dept Enxenaria Recursos Nat & Medio Ambiente, Vigo 36310, Spain. RP Tserevelakis, GJ (reprint author), Fdn Res & Technol Hellas IESL FORTH, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, POB 1385, Iraklion 71110, Greece. EM tserevel@iesl.forth.gr RI Siozos, Panayiotis/A-2555-2014; ANTONIO, JOSE SANTIAGO POZO/L-1265-2014; , Panagiotis/AAE-6308-2020; brea, teresa rivas/AAM-8465-2020; Pouli, Paraskevi/H-3448-2011 OI Siozos, Panayiotis/0000-0002-4836-5557; ANTONIO, JOSE SANTIAGO POZO/0000-0002-7536-9609; , Panagiotis/0000-0002-4836-5557; brea, teresa rivas/0000-0003-1694-5167; Pouli, Paraskevi/0000-0002-9814-1981 FU Stavros Niarchos Foundation; project "POLITEIA II" (Politismos-Technologia, New Technologies in the Research, Study, Documentation and Access to the Information for Cultural Heritage Objects and Monuments II) [MIS 5002478]; Operational Programme Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation; European Union (European Regional Development Fund)European Union (EU); "Skin-DOCTor" project [1778]; European Social Fund (ESF)European Social Fund (ESF); National Resources (General Secretariat of Research and Technology); EU FP7 Marie Curie ITN "OILTEBIA" project [PITN-GA-2012-317526]; H2020 Laserlab Europe project [EC-GA 654148]; Spanish project [BIA2014-54186-R]; University of Vigo FX G.J.T acknowledges the financial support of the Stavros Niarchos Foundation within the framework of the project ARCHERS ("Advancing Young Researchers' Human Capital in Cutting Edge Technologies in the Preservation of Cultural Heritage and the Tackling of Societal Challenges").; We acknowledge support of this work by the project "POLITEIA II" (Politismos-Technologia, New Technologies in the Research, Study, Documentation and Access to the Information for Cultural Heritage Objects and Monuments II) (MIS 5002478) which is implemented under the "Action for the Strategic Development on the Research and Technological Sector", funded by the Operational Programme Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation(NSRF 2014-2020) and co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund).; Furthermore, G.Z. and GJ.T. acknowledge financial support through the "Skin-DOCTor" project (No 1778) implemented under Action ARISTEIA, in the framework of "Operational Programme Education and Lifelong Learning" co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF) and National Resources (General Secretariat of Research and Technology). Also, financial support was provided by the EU FP7 Marie Curie ITN "OILTEBIA" project, PITN-GA-2012-317526 and H2020 Laserlab Europe (EC-GA 654148) project.; This work has additionally been supported by the Spanish project BIA2014-54186-R. J.S.P.-A. was supported by a postdoctoral contract with the University of Vigo within the framework of the 2011-2015 Galician Plan for Research, Innovation and Growth (Plan I2C) for 2014. 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Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2019 VL 35 BP 108 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.05.014 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HK1XO UT WOS:000457700400010 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU van Aubel, C de Groot, S van Keulen, H Snijders, E AF van Aubel, Carien de Groot, Suzan van Keulen, Henk Snijders, Evelyne TI Digging into the past of nature carpets. The evaluation of treatments on artworks by Piero Gilardi made from polyurethane ether foam SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Evaluation; Consolidation; Polyurethane ether foam; Piero Gilardi; FTIR-spectroscopy; Py-GC/MS; Hydroxyl index; Cell strut size AB This study evaluates two research projects and treatments performed ten and twenty years ago by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (RCE) on two artworks made of flexible polyurethane ether foam (PUR foam) by Piero Gilardi; Natura Morta ( 1967) of the collection of Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam (NL) and Zuccaia (1991) of the collection of Zoetermeer City hall (NL). These projects and treatments on the objects involved the treatment of mechanical damages present in the works, and the development and performing of the consolidation of PUR ether foam with Tinuvin B75/Impranil DLV mixture. The condition of an untreated nature carpet Cavoli e Neve (1967, 1988) from the collection S.M.A.K., Gent (BE) was used as a control reference in this study. The techniques from the two former RCE researches, such as determination of cell strut size and hydroxyl index, are used for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the past treatments. Besides that, empirical research, i.e. resilience and rubbing tests, are performed on all case studies. Also, the consolidation method used in the treatment of the abovementioned artworks was evaluated and refined. Finally, consolidation tests on artificially aged and severely degraded PUR-foam samples were carried out to see whether the condition of already degraded foam could also be reinforced. This study showed that the effectiveness of the former treatments was best assessed by the measurement of the cell strut size and empirical research. The past treatments proved to be very successful and can therefore be suggested for similar artworks. After the promising results of this study, Cavoli e Neve was treated. However, preliminary consolation tests on the artwork itself showed, viewing the foam under microscope, the skeleton still broke during consolidation and therefore did not improve the skeleton strength. Therefore, besides cleaning the work and structural treatment of the damages, a consolidation on this artwork was not performed. Ongoing research will focus on this issue. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [van Aubel, Carien; Snijders, Evelyne] Univ Amsterdam, Johannes Vermeerpl 1, NL-1071 DV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [de Groot, Suzan; van Keulen, Henk] Cultural Heritage Agcy Netherlands RCE, Hobbemastr 22, NL-1071 ZC Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP van Aubel, C (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Johannes Vermeerpl 1, NL-1071 DV Amsterdam, Netherlands. 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PD JAN-FEB PY 2019 VL 35 BP 271 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.12.008 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA HK1XO UT WOS:000457700400028 OA Bronze DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Vecchiattini, R Fratini, F Rescic, S Riminesi, C Mauri, M Vicini, S AF Vecchiattini, Rita Fratini, Fabio Rescic, Silvia Riminesi, Cristiano Mauri, Marco Vicini, Silvia TI The many limestone, a difficult material to restore: The case of the San Fruttuoso di Capodimonte Abbey (Genoa, Italy) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historical building; Marly limestone; Consolidating treatments; Stone protection; Non-destructive techniques ID IN-SITU COPOLYMERIZATION; STONE ARTIFACTS; ACRYLIC COPOLYMERS; CONSOLIDATION; CONSERVATION; PROTECTION AB The on-site assessment of the effectiveness and durability of conservation treatments have several drawbacks which have their origin in the demands of the owners (both from the aesthetical point of view and with the need to conclude the restoration as soon as possible), and in the requirements of the restorer related with the logistic of the yard and with the need to satisfy the owner demands. These aspects are often in conflict with the methodological approach used in the scientific framework for evaluate the performance of applied treatments. The aims of this paper is to suggest practical solutions, capable to overcome the previous problems in the assessment of the efficiency of the consolidating and protective treatments applied on the marly limestone ashlars of the Abbey of San Fruttuoso di Capodimonte (Genoa, Italy). The abbey is located at the bottom of a bay few meters from the see, therefore strongly exposed to the action of the marine aerosol and wave erosion. The consolidation and protection of the marly limestone building material was performed by testing several products both inorganic and organic. Preliminary tests were performed on laboratory samples. Afterwards, the same products were applied on selected ashlars of the facade in order to study their performance in a real condition. The products were ethyl silicate, ethyl silicate with polysiloxane, litium silicate, nanosilica, ammonium oxalate, ammonium phosphate, silane/siloxane, fluorelastomers and acrylic polymers and acrylic/siloxane. The study of the effect of the treatments on the stone samples was performed by non-destructive and micro-destructive methods, and an assessment procedure has been proposed. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Vecchiattini, Rita] Univ Genoa, DAD, Stradone St Agostino 37, I-16123 Genoa, Italy. [Fratini, Fabio; Rescic, Silvia; Riminesi, Cristiano] CNR, ICVBC, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Florence, Italy. [Mauri, Marco; Vicini, Silvia] Univ Genoa, DCCI, Via Dodecaneso 31, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. RP Vecchiattini, R (reprint author), Univ Genoa, DAD, Stradone St Agostino 37, I-16123 Genoa, Italy. EM rvecchiattini@arch.unige.it OI Vicini, Silvia/0000-0001-9369-1522 FU FAI (Fondo per l'Ambiente Italiano) FX This work has been financially supported by FAI (Fondo per l'Ambiente Italiano) who designed the restoration of the Abbey (P, Candiani, R, Scgattini c N. Sanitario) with the scientific advice of Univeristy of Genoa (DAD - S.F. Musso with R. Vecchiattini, DCCI - S. Vicini and M. Mauri) and ICVBC-CNR (F. Fratini, S. Rcscic and C. Riminesi). CR Abbate E., 1967, Memorie della Societa Geologica Italiana, V6, P23 Alessandrini G, 2000, J APPL POLYM SCI, V76, P962, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(20000509)76:6<962::AID-APP24>3.0.CO;2-Z [Anonymous], 114322011 UNI [Anonymous], 2010, EN15886 [Anonymous], 1991, NORM TEST 29 88 MIS [Anonymous], 158022009 EN [Anonymous], 158012010 EN Baer N. 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R., 1997, SAVING OUR ARCHITECT SCHEIRS J, 1997, [No title captured] TIANO P., 2004, ARKOS, V5, P30 Vandevoorde D, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, P41, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.10.002 Vicini S, 2004, J APPL POLYM SCI, V91, P3202, DOI 10.1002/app.13489 Vicini S, 2002, MACROMOL CHEM PHYSIC, V203, P1413, DOI 10.1002/1521-3935(200207)203:10/11<1413::AID-MACP1413>3.0.CO;2-G Vicini S, 2013, STUD CONSERV, V58, P50, DOI 10.1179/2047058412Y.0000000066 Vicini S, 2001, J CULT HERIT, V2, P143, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(01)01114-1 Warscheid T, 2000, INT BIODETER BIODEGR, V46, P343, DOI 10.1016/S0964-8305(00)00109-8 NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2018 VL 34 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.01.019 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GZ4YX UT WOS:000449419400001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Munoz-Gonzalez, CM Leon-Rodriguez, AL Campano-Laborda, M Teeling, C Baglioni, R AF Ma Munoz-Gonzalez, Carmen Leon-Rodriguez, A. L. Campano-Laborda, M. Teeling, C. Baglioni, R. TI The assessment of environmental conditioning techniques and their energy performance in historic churches located in Mediterranean climate SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Hygrothermal building simulation; Energy efficiency; Modelling; HVAC; Historic buildings; Mechanical degradation ID THERMAL COMFORT; IMPACT AB There is a particular approach to the energy performance and indoor microclimate of historic buildings. However, the implementation of energy efficiency in historic buildings is limited, given that the materials, structure, geometry and artworks to be conserved inhibit the improvement of microclimate parameters or energy performance. The main aim of this work is to study the use of environmental conditioning techniques in a historic building and its impact on the conservation of artworks prior to the refurbishment project. This study describes experimental research carried out on the church of Nuestra Senora de la Merced, a historic building in a Mediterranean climate. The building was monitored and measured to validate numerical codes using Design Builder 4.7.027 and Energy Plus 8.3. Software building models made it possible to evaluate the implementation of different environmental techniques - passive, active and combined - in the church with a view to conserving artworks. This study concluded that the use of passive environmental techniques does not completely eliminate the mechanical risk or bio-deterioration that are inherent to movable heritage. Proposals for the use of active systems in combination with passive techniques improve the initial conservation of artworks and decrease the risk of biological degradation. Although energy consumption is high due to the large size and thermal inertia of the building, consumption is considerably reduced when active and passive systems are combined. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ma Munoz-Gonzalez, Carmen; Leon-Rodriguez, A. L.; Campano-Laborda, M.; Teeling, C.; Baglioni, R.] Univ Seville, Escuela Tecn Super Arquitectura, Inst Univ Arquitectura & Ciencias Construcc, AV Reina Mercedes S-N, E-41012 Seville, Spain. RP Munoz-Gonzalez, CM (reprint author), Univ Seville, TEP Res Grp 130, Inst Univ Arquitectura & Ciencias Construcc, Seville, Spain. EM carmenmgonzalez@us.es RI Leon-Rodriguez, Angel Luis/K-6219-2014; Campano Laborda, Miguel Angel/M-6209-2014 OI Leon-Rodriguez, Angel Luis/0000-0003-3466-7850; Munoz Gonzalez, Carmen/0000-0002-5020-5384; Campano Laborda, Miguel Angel/0000-0002-0221-4657 CR AENOR, 2011, 15758 AENOR UNE EN AENOR, 2006, 7730 AENOR UNEENISO [Anonymous], 2002, GUID 14 2002 MEAS EN Aste N, 2016, ENERG BUILDINGS, V116, P218, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.01.008 Campano M., 2014, J BUILD PERFORM SIMU, V4, P1 CAMUFFO D, 1998, [No title captured] Camuffo D, 2010, J CULT HERIT, V11, P205, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.02.008 Giuliani M, 2016, ENERG BUILDINGS, V116, P434, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.01.034 Huijbregts Z, 2012, BUILD ENVIRON, V55, P43, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.01.008 Huijbregts Z, 2015, J CULT HERIT, V16, P419, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.11.001 Lopez-Aparicio S, 2011, BUILD ENVIRON, V46, P1460, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.01.013 Martinez-Molina A, 2016, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V61, P70, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2016.03.018 Munoz-Gonzalez CM, 2016, ENERG BUILDINGS, V130, P567, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.08.078 Samek L, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P361, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.03.006 Sanchez Munoz C., 2016, THESIS Schellen H.L., 2010, DEV CLIMATE CONTROL, P21 Schellen H.L., 2002, THESIS Spanish Technical Building Code(CTE), 2011, BUILD EL CAT UNE, 2012, UNEEN157591 AENOR UNE, 2011, UNEEN15757 AENOR Varas-Muriel MJ, 2014, ENERG BUILDINGS, V75, P119, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.01.049 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2018 VL 34 BP 74 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.02.012 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GZ4YX UT WOS:000449419400009 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Fryskowska, A Stachelek, J AF Fryskowska, Anna Stachelek, Julita TI A no-reference method of geometric content quality analysis of 3D models generated from laser scanning point clouds for hBIM SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Laser scanning; hBIM; Geometric accuraccy; 3D model ID HISTORICAL BUILDINGS AB Laser scanning technology and modern photogrammetry have become very popular techniques in cultural heritage data acquisition. In the majority of architectural applications of these methods for historic buildings, relatively less attention is paid to the quality of the visualisation. However, when it is necessary to reconstruct the structure, materials, or form of a given heritage building or object, geometrical quality is key in the process of rebuilding or reconstruction. This paper proposes an assessment of geometrical content of 3D models for Heritage Building Information Modelling (hBIM) without reference measurements and independently of the data acquiring method or point cloud resolution. The point cloud analysed in this paper was obtained by terrestrial laser scanning (TLS); however, the analysis could be applied to point clouds of other origins (e.g. ALS, UAV imagery). The inner characteristics of measurement methods are not considered, with the focus on answering the following questions: How much will the point cloud allow us to see? and Is too much data always a good thing? The quality can simply be defined as the suitability of a specific dataset for a specific purpose. It is very important to clarify in advance for what kind of outcome a dataset might be or not be suitable, and which are the results expected. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Fryskowska, Anna; Stachelek, Julita] Mil Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geodesy, Geodesy Inst, Dept Remote Sensing Photogrammetry & Imagery Inte, Warsaw, Poland. RP Fryskowska, A (reprint author), Mil Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geodesy, Geodesy Inst, Dept Remote Sensing Photogrammetry & Imagery Inte, Warsaw, Poland. EM anna.fryskowska@wat.edu.pl; julita.stachelek@wp.pl RI Fryskowska, Anna/D-4737-2017 OI Fryskowska, Anna/0000-0001-5449-8092 FU Military University of Technology, the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Department of Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry and Imagery Intelligence FX This paper has been supported by the Military University of Technology, the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Department of Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry and Imagery Intelligence due to project of Accuracy assessment of laser scanning point clouds applications in cultural heritage. CR [Anonymous], 2005, P INT S GEOINF DIS M Bobkowska K, 2016, 2016 BALTIC GEODETIC CONGRESS (BGC GEOMATICS), P15, DOI 10.1109/BGC.Geomatics.2016.12 Boehler W., 2002, PROCEEDINGS FROM THE Bohm J., 2007, P 21 INT CIPA S ATH Brilakis I, 2010, ADV ENG INFORM, V24, P456, DOI 10.1016/j.aei.2010.06.006 Bryan P. 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Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2018 VL 34 BP 95 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.04.003 PG 14 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GZ4YX UT WOS:000449419400011 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ferrari, P Chelazzi, D Bonelli, N Mirabile, A Giorgi, R Baglioni, P AF Ferrari, Pamela Chelazzi, David Bonelli, Nicole Mirabile, Antonio Giorgi, Rodorico Baglioni, Piero TI Alkyl carbonate solvents confined in poly (ethyl methacrylate) organogels for the removal of pressure sensitive tapes (PSTs) from contemporary drawings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Congress on Science and Technology for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage (Technoheritage) CY MAY 21-24, 2017 CL Cadiz, SPAIN DE Organogel; Alkyl carbonate; Cleaning; Conservation; Cultural heritage; Pressure sensitive tape ID NETWORKS; SPECTROSCOPY; DEGRADATION; PAINTINGS; HYDROGELS; SYSTEM; FTIR AB The removal of aged pressure sensitive tapes (PSTs) from contemporary drawings is a frequent and challenging task for paper conservators: in this work, an innovative method to overcome this issue is presented. Aged PSTs are largely found on paper artworks due to their use for mending, mounting and framing operations. Nevertheless, they may provoke several drawbacks on artworks (e.g. media bleeding and adhesive mass migration): the necessity of their removal promoted the development of several methodologies, but they all pose risks to both artefacts and conservation professionals. We propose a method involving polymeric gels able to load a "green" solvent, pertaining to the class of alkyl carbonates, which efficiently interacts with PSTs components; the embedment of the solvent into the gel network allows a feasible and effective intervention where the gel is directly applied on the top surface of the PST: the solvent gradually penetrates through the plastic layer of the PST (as proved by laser scanning confocal microscopy measures), swelling the underlying adhesive. In this way, the solvent-artwork contact is controlled. In order to optimize the processing costs and final properties of the gels, three formulations of poly (ethyl methacrylate)-diethyl carbonate (PEMA-DEC) organogels were synthesized, using different diluents and additives. A thorough physicochemical investigation of the systems was performed by means of rheology, gravimetric analysis, thermogravimetry, and IR Spectroscopy. After assessment on representative mock-up samples, the developed systems were successfully used for the removal of six aged PSTs from a drawing on paper by Keith Haring. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ferrari, Pamela; Chelazzi, David; Bonelli, Nicole; Giorgi, Rodorico; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, Dept Chem, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. [Ferrari, Pamela; Chelazzi, David; Bonelli, Nicole; Giorgi, Rodorico; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, CSGI, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. [Mirabile, Antonio] Mirabile, 11 Rue Bellefond, F-75009 Paris 09, France. RP Giorgi, R (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Chem, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.; Giorgi, R (reprint author), Univ Florence, CSGI, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. EM giorgi@csgi.unifi.it RI Chelazzi, David/F-3356-2013; Giorgi, Rodorico/H-5080-2011 OI Chelazzi, David/0000-0001-9994-3356; Giorgi, Rodorico/0000-0002-7752-4107 FU CSGI; European Union (NANORESTART project, Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme) [646063] FX The authors wish to thank Letizia Montalbano and Maddalena Trabace (OPD, Florence) for valuable discussion about the topic of PST removal. CSGI and the European Union (NANORESTART project, Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 646063) are gratefully acknowledged for financial support. 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PD NOV-DEC PY 2018 VL 34 BP 227 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.05.009 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GZ4YX UT WOS:000449419400027 OA Green Published DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Di Angelo, L Di Stefano, P Fratocchi, L Marzola, A AF Di Angelo, Luca Di Stefano, Paolo Fratocchi, Luciano Marzola, Antonio TI An AHP-based method for choosing the best 3D scanner for cultural heritage applications SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE 3D archaeology; Choice of best 3D scanners; Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ID PHOTOGRAMMETRY; DOCUMENTATION; BUILDINGS AB In this paper, a method for determining the best choice of the 3D scanner for cultural heritage applications is presented. Generally speaking, this activity is not trivial since a 3D scanner that matches all the requirements of a typical preservation activity in cultural heritage does not exist. Thus, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the choice of compromise is typically performed in an unstructured way. In order to structure this choice, a method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is proposed. In the proposed method, the three levels of the AHP hierarchy structure are the selection of the best 3D scanner for a specific cultural heritage application (goal), the most important technical parameters that mainly affect the choice of a 3D scanner (criteria), and the devices matching the required resolution (alternatives). Having defined the goal, prioritization of the type and quality of information is performed by the team leader of the research group (typically a skilled archaeologist), while the priority of the pairwise comparison among alternatives is decided by an expert on 3D scanners. The application of the proposed method in two contrasting situations concerning pottery fragments highlights its ease of use, its robustness (confirmed by the consistency analysis), and the completeness of the technical and economic assessment (since all relevant elements are taken into account), which put together, in a structured way, competences in very different fields (archaeology and 3D digital devices). (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Di Angelo, Luca; Di Stefano, Paolo; Fratocchi, Luciano] Univ Aquila, Dept Ind & Informat Engn & Econ, Via G Gronchi 18, Laquila, Italy. [Marzola, Antonio] Univ Florence, Dept Ind Engn, Via Santa Marta 3, I-50139 Florence, Italy. RP Di Angelo, L (reprint author), Univ Aquila, Dept Ind & Informat Engn & Econ, Via G Gronchi 18, Laquila, Italy. 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PD NOV-DEC PY 2018 VL 34 BP 109 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.03.026 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GZ4YX UT WOS:000449419400012 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU de Carvalho, HP Mesquita, N Trovao, J Rodriguez, SF Pinheiro, AC Gomes, V Alcoforado, A Gil, F Portugal, A AF de Carvalho, Hugo Paiva Mesquita, Nuno Trovao, Joao Fernandez Rodriguez, Santiago Pinheiro, Ana Catarina Gomes, Virginia Alcoforado, Ana Gil, Francisco Portugal, Antonio TI Fungal contamination of paintings and wooden sculptures inside the storage room of a museum: Are current norms and reference values adequate? SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Congress on Science and Technology for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage (Technoheritage) CY MAY 21-24, 2017 CL Cadiz, SPAIN DE Fungi; Biodeterioration; Storage room; Art contamination; Conservation measures ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; BIODEGRADATIVE ABILITIES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; LIBRARY-MATERIALS; ROT FUNGUS; ENVIRONMENT; IDENTIFICATION; UNIVERSITY; ARCHIVES; COIMBRA AB Biodeterioration is a topic of ever-growing concern and is particularly relevant in the context of cultural heritage conservation, since artworks and monuments provide diversified ecological niches for microorganism colonization. Despite all the gathered knowledge in recent years, current established norms and accepted contamination thresholds have a prominent focus on human health and air quality preservation. Nonetheless they still are not enough or are not adequately applied for cultural heritage preservation. In the light of this study within a very important Museum from Coimbra (Portugal), the current knowledge and accepted norms are discussed. Despite the meticulous control of environmental parameters inside this art repository, the presence of fungal colonies was unexpectedly detected on wooden sculptures and paintings that were deposited inside a custom-built room. Contaminated art objects were sampled for fungal isolation and identification, along with seasonal indoor air sampling, for a one-year period. Molecular biology methods complemented with morphological observation were used for the identification of fungal organisms. Direct sampling of 8 contaminated paintings allowed the retrieval of 10 fungal isolates (3 different genera and 4 different species). In addition, 19 fungal isolates (5 different genera and 9 different species) were retrieved from 7 contaminated wooden sculptures. The air sampling process provided a total of 150 isolates (24 different genera and 43 different species), from which the most common genera were Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium, and the most frequent species were Aspergillus versicolor, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Penicillium copticola and P. corylophilum. Although the number of airborne CFU was considerably low in all seasons, some fungal species with known biodeterioration capability and adverse human health effects were found. The relevance of air contamination monitoring as a single tool for biodeterioration risk assessment is discussed, as are the currently available norms and recommendations. Preventive measures are advised and considerations are made regarding potentially more effective approaches. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [de Carvalho, Hugo Paiva; Mesquita, Nuno; Trovao, Joao; Pinheiro, Ana Catarina; Portugal, Antonio] Univ Coimbra, Dept Life Sci, Ctr Funct Ecol, P-3000456 Coimbra, Portugal. [Fernandez Rodriguez, Santiago] Univ Extremadura, Sch Technol, Dept Construct, AEROUEX,Aerobiol Extremadura, Ave Univ S-N, Caceres 10003, Spain. [Gomes, Virginia; Alcoforado, Ana] MNMC, P-3000236 Coimbra, Portugal. [Gil, Francisco] Univ Coimbra, CFisUC, Ctr Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Gil, Francisco] DQ UC, QFM Mol Chem Phys Grp, Coimbra, Portugal. RP de Carvalho, HP (reprint author), Univ Coimbra, Dept Life Sci, Ctr Funct Ecol, P-3000456 Coimbra, Portugal. EM hugopaivacarvalho@gmail.com RI Portugal, Antonio/Q-7335-2019; pinheiro, ana catarina/L-1754-2019; Fernandez-Rodriguez, Santiago/B-7093-2015 OI Portugal, Antonio/0000-0003-1748-6345; pinheiro, ana catarina/0000-0002-7194-5496; Mesquita, Nuno/0000-0002-1748-6364; Gil, Francisco/0000-0001-7546-0288; Trovao, Joao/0000-0002-7845-6046; da Costa, Ricardo/0000-0002-5426-412X; Fernandez-Rodriguez, Santiago/0000-0001-9928-8347 FU FCT/MEC; FEDER within the COMPETE 2020European Union (EU) [UID/BIA/04004/2013]; FEDEREuropean Union (EU); FCT-Fundacao Ciencia e Tecnologia [CleanArt-PTDC/EPH-PAT/0224/2014]; POCH-Programa Operational Capital Humano (European Social Fund); POCH-Programa Operational Capital Humano (MCTES) [SFRH/BPD/112830/2015] FX This work is financed by FCT/MEC through national funds and the co-funding by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement, and COMPETE 2020, within the project UID/BIA/04004/2013. 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In this paper, we apply similar methods to investigate looting and destruction at archaeological sites in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, where Taliban-related cultural heritage destruction events have also frequently made international headlines. Using the time depth provided by high-resolution, time-stamped DigitalGlobe satellite and BuckEye aerial images as well as CORONA and other historical satellite images and maps, we quantitatively document spatial and temporal patterns in destruction from looting, agricultural activity, military occupation, urban growth, mining, and other kinds of development at over 1000 previously known archaeological sites across Afghanistan. This analysis indicates that several common narratives about cultural heritage destruction in Afghanistan may require revision. Specifically, we conclude that significant amounts of systematic looting of archaeological sites in Afghanistan already occurred before Taliban-related conflicts, that there has been little increase in systematic looting in Taliban-controlled areas post-2001, and that the most pressing threats to Afghanistan's heritage sites come from development activities, including agricultural expansion, urban growth, and future mining. The analysis demonstrates that the situation in Afghanistan both parallels and contrasts with that seen in the post-Arab-Spring Middle East. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Hammer, Emily] Univ Penn, Univ Chicago, Oriental Inst, Williams Hall,255 South 36th St 847, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Seifried, Rebecca] Univ Chicago, Oriental Inst, Inst Mediterranean Studies, Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Franklin, Kathryn; Lauricella, Anthony] Univ Chicago, Oriental Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. 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G., 2008, DESTRUCTION CULTURAL Stone R, 2014, SCIENCE, V345, P725, DOI 10.1126/science.345.6198.725 Tapete D, 2016, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V178, P42, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.055 Thomas D., 2004, CULTURE CONTEXT, V14, P16 Thomas D.C., 2006, ART ARCHAEOLOGY AFGH, P155 Tirard-Collet O., 1998, IRAN, V36, P123 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ministry of Counter narcotics, 2016, AFGH OP SURV 2016 CU Unknown Correspondent, 2015, AFGHAN ZARIZA US Geological Survey, 2017, USGS PROJ AFGH VIEW VANESS M, 2006, [No title captured], P668 Wendle J., 2013, WEEKLY FOCUS NATL GE Wilson R., 2015, WASHINGTON POST Wyndham C., 2015, MUSEUMS HERITAGE INT, P122 NR 90 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP-OCT PY 2018 VL 33 BP 125 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.12.008 PG 20 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GS8VY UT WOS:000443993700013 OA Green Accepted DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Alvarez, I Bodego, A Aranburu, A Arriolabengoa, M del Val, M Iriarte, E Abendano, V Calvo, JI Maidagan, DG de Mendoza, AH Ibarra, F Legarrea, J Sagarna, JT Mauleon, JA AF Alvarez, Irantzu Bodego, Arantxa Aranburu, Arantza Arriolabengoa, Martin del Val, Miren Iriarte, Eneko Abendano, Victor Ignacio Calvo, Jose Garate Maidagan, Diego Hermoso de Mendoza, Arturo Ibarra, Fernando Legarrea, Jaime Tapia Sagarna, Jesus Agirre Mauleon, Juantxo TI Geological risk assessment for rock art protection in karstic caves (Alkerdi Caves, Navarre, Spain) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Geological risk assessment; Protection area; Karst; Rock art; Geographical Information Systems (GIS) ID ALTAMIRA CAVE; AREA AB This paper sets out a methodology for calculating the potential zone of damage to which an Item of Cultural Interest (ICI) located in a karst environment is exposed. An itemised study of the geological characteristics of the cave environment is proposed: lithological cartography, endokarst and exokarst geomorphology and the study of fracturing of the limestone massif. Based on these data and using a Geographical Information System (GIS), it was possible to calculate the degree of the geological threats on a susceptibility map, according to the vulnerability of the heritage item to be protected and its exposure to the identified hazardous geological processes. By combining these parameters, the existing geological risk was calculated and mapped and the necessary protection area for conservation of the cultural heritage was defined. This methodology was applied in the Alkerdi caves located in the municipal area of Urdazubi/Urdax (Navarre, northern Spain). (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Alvarez, Irantzu] Univ Basque Country, Dept Graph Express & Engn Projects, Rafael Moreno Pitxitxi 2, Bilbao 48013, Spain. [Bodego, Arantxa] Univ Basque Country, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Stratig & Palaeontol, Sarriena S-N, Leioa 48940, Spain. [Aranburu, Arantza; Arriolabengoa, Martin; del Val, Miren] Univ Basque Country, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Mineral & Petrol, Sarriena S-N, Leioa 48940, Spain. [Bodego, Arantxa; Aranburu, Arantza; Arriolabengoa, Martin; del Val, Miren; Iriarte, Eneko; Tapia Sagarna, Jesus; Agirre Mauleon, Juantxo] Aranzadi Zientzia Elkartea, Zorroagagaina 11, Donostia San Sebastian 20014, Spain. [Iriarte, Eneko] Univ Burgos, Lab Evolut Humana, Pl Misael Banuelos S-N, Burgos 09001, Spain. [Abendano, Victor; Ignacio Calvo, Jose; Hermoso de Mendoza, Arturo; Ibarra, Fernando; Legarrea, Jaime] Grp Espeleol Satorrak, Calle Descalzos 37 Bajo Bis, Iruna Pamplona 31001, Spain. [Garate Maidagan, Diego] Univ Cantabria, Inst Int Invest Prehist Cantabria, Avda Castos S-N, E-39005 Santander, Spain. RP Alvarez, I (reprint author), Univ Basque Country, Dept Graph Express & Engn Projects, Rafael Moreno Pitxitxi 2, Bilbao 48013, Spain. RI Iriarte, Eneko/K-6830-2019; BODEGO ALDASORO, ARANTXA/L-6331-2014; Garate, Diego/M-7028-2017 OI Iriarte, Eneko/0000-0001-8365-5616; BODEGO ALDASORO, ARANTXA/0000-0003-1825-4239; del Val, Miren/0000-0003-2151-8629; Garate, Diego/0000-0001-6685-9588; Arriolabengoa, Martin/0000-0002-0467-0306; Aranburu, Arantza/0000-0002-0493-085X; ALVAREZ GONZALEZ, IRANTZU/0000-0003-4444-292X FU Government of Navarre; University of Basque CountryUniversity of Basque Country [EHU-US' 14/16, EHUA15/18]; Basque GovernmentBasque Government [IT1029-16_GBV6, BFI-2012-289] FX This study is a contribution of the Aranzadi Society of Sciences within the framework of the project Caracterizacion del Macizo y sistema karstico de Alkerdi y de su perimetro de proteccion, funded by the Government of Navarre. Additional funding was provided by projects EHU-US' 14/16 and EHUA15/18 (University of Basque Country) and IT1029-16_GBV6 (Basque Government). M. del Val was beneficiary of a predoctoral grant of the Basque Government (BFI-2012-289) during this project. The authors acknowledge Tim Nicholson for his help with the English editing. The authors would like to acknowledge anonymous reviewers for critical comments and suggestions that improved the original manuscript. CR Akgoz M, 2015, J CAVE KARST STUD, V77, P63, DOI 10.4311/2013ES0120 Allison R. J., 2002, APPL GEOMORPHOLOGY T, V10 Alvarez I., 2016, TRABAJOS PREHIST, V28, P193 Angulo B, 2013, J ENVIRON MANAGE, V130, P386, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.057 Aranburu A., 2010, CUEVAS PATRIMONIO NA, P235 Ayala F. J., 2007, RIESGOS NATURALES DE, V10 Barton H.A., 2013, TREATISE GEOMORPHOLO, P38 Bieniawski Z.T., 1989, ENG ROCK MASS CLASSI Carcedo F. J. 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PD SEP-OCT PY 2018 VL 33 BP 170 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.01.017 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GS8VY UT WOS:000443993700016 OA Green Accepted DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Nestico, A Morano, P Sica, F AF Nestico, Antonio Morano, Pierluigi Sica, Francesco TI A model to support the public administration decisions for the investments selection on historic buildings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historic buildings; Economic evaluation; Sustainable development; Multi-criteria decision analysis; Discrete linear programming ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; OPTIMIZATION; MANAGEMENT; VALUATION; BENEFITS AB The historical buildings can become an instrument for the growth of a territory in connection with the historic and artistic value, the ability to characterize environments and urban, rural and natural landscapes and on the basis of historical and documentary interest. This is confirmed in the numerous legislative measures that deal with urban planning at the international level. Most of the time, however, the interventions on the historical-architectural building heritage do not respond to logic capable of simultaneously ensuring the conservation and valorization. This problem is accentuated when the decision-making process is not supported by operating logical models capable of bringing into account the many effects of an investment, which are not only financial, but also social, cultural and environmental nature. The operational research, in particular discrete linear programming crossed with multicriteria analysis, can support the definition of useful models to the selection of investments on historical buildings. Intended for public authorities called to choose the projects to be financed, the model defined and tested in the present work can be easily adapted also to the case of resources allocation by private investor. The application of the model to a concrete case, concerning the definition of the projects portfolio for the valorization of buildings of historical-architectural value in a Municipality of South Italy, confirms the potential of the instrument in analysis. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Nestico, Antonio] Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, Fisciano, Italy. [Morano, Pierluigi] Polytech Univ Bari, Dept Sci Civil Engn & Architecture, Bari, Italy. [Sica, Francesco] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Architecture & Design, Rome, Italy. RP Nestico, A (reprint author), Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, Fisciano, Italy. 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PD SEP-OCT PY 2018 VL 33 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.03.008 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GS8VY UT WOS:000443993700019 OA Green Published DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ezcurra, P Rivera-Collazo, IC AF Ezcurra, Paula Rivera-Collazo, Isabel C. TI An assessment of the impacts of climate change on Puerto Rico's Cultural Heritage with a case study on sea-level rise SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Cultural heritage; Climate change; Adaptive management; Climate adaptation; Puerto Rico ID ISLAND; ARCHAEOLOGY; POLITICS; TOURISM; PLACE AB In this paper, we summarize how current and projected climate changes are expected to impact material cultural heritage in Puerto Rico. As case study, we also conducted a spatial analysis vulnerability assessment of coastal heritage sites below 20 meters in elevation. Results from the analysis show that of the 1185 known cultural heritage sites below 20 meters in elevation in Puerto Rico, 27 sites are inundated at today's highest high tide, 56 will be inundated by mid-century when assuming a 0.6 m rise in sea-level, and 140 sites will be inundated by end-of-century when assuming a 1.8 m rise in sea-level. Spatial analysis of sites adjacent to the high tide line demonstrate that these values are likely conservative, as there are many sites located within 1 m of the highest high tide line that should also be considered vulnerable. Finally, we present and introductory proposal that addresses the need for vulnerability assessments to aid cultural heritage managers in developing adaptive strategies for climate change impacts to material heritage. (c) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ezcurra, Paula; Rivera-Collazo, Isabel C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Rivera-Collazo, Isabel C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Anthropol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Ezcurra, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. 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Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2018 VL 32 BP 198 EP 209 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.01.016 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GM4JL UT WOS:000438085700021 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Das, S Mandal, S AF Das, Sugata Mandal, Sekhar TI Figure spotting in Indian heritage image SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Content-based image retrieval; Spotting; Feature descriptor; Wave Kernel Signature; Similarity measure ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; RETRIEVAL; FEATURES AB Figure spotting is one of the important applications in the field of content-based image retrieval. With the recent advances in 3D shape analysis, Wave Kernel Signature (WKS), a kernel-based feature descriptor under the foundation of quantum mechanics performs well than the other kernel based feature descriptors. In this paper, we adopt the WKS as a 2D local patch descriptor for figure spotting. An effective search technique is developed to spot the regions of interest within an image for a given query image. We also use the classical feature descriptors such as scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT), speeded up robust features (SURF), and the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) for figure spotting and compare their performances. The proposed technique is tested on a dataset which contains 594 images collected from two heritage temples. The performance of the proposed technique is measured using standard evaluation metrics and shows promising results of the proposed method. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Das, Sugata; Mandal, Sekhar] Indian Inst Engn Sci & Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Technol, Sibpur 711103, Howrah, India. RP Das, S (reprint author), Indian Inst Engn Sci & Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Technol, Sibpur 711103, Howrah, India. 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Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2018 VL 32 BP 133 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.12.012 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GM4JL UT WOS:000438085700015 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Liu, FY Zhao, Q Yang, YL AF Liu, Fuying Zhao, Qi Yang, Yulan TI An approach to assess the value of industrial heritage based on Dempster-Shafer theory SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Industrial heritage; Analytic hierarchy process; Value evaluation system; Dempster-Shafer theory; Fuzzy theory ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; DECISION-MAKING; FUZZY-SETS; MULTICRITERIA; UNCERTAINTY; MODEL AB Industrial heritage associated with political, economic, cultural, social, scientific, technological, and architectural fields has been a crucial concern to nations and governments, since it reveals the way our ancestors lived, records technical progress and realizes cultural continuity. Thus, conserving and reusing industrial heritage is a vital decision-making issue. Studies on multiple criteria provide a series of methods to assist; however, they confuse uncertain with unknown, whilst most of them are not applicable due to uncertain reasoning. Here, an evaluation system of the value of industrial heritage is built using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy sets used for translating comments from experts. Then, we present the Dempster-Shafer theory (D-S theory) to classify industrial heritage based on an evaluation system of the value of industrial heritage. Taking industry type, year, development process, immediate surroundings, and remains into consideration, we select 16 industrial heritage sites as samples to verify the feasibility of D-S theory. The results suggest that D-S theory is effective in fusing evidences, and that the mass function is reliable for confirming conservation levels. The integration of AHP, D-S theory and fuzzy theory establishes a mathematical model that targets information fusing and reduces the uncertainty of evaluations, providing a new approach for confirming the level of heritage conservation. (c) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Fuying] Northeastern Univ, JangHo Architecture Coll, Shenyang 110169, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Qi] Northeastern Univ, Sch Resources & Civil Engn, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Yang, Yulan] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Liu, FY (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, JangHo Architecture Coll, Shenyang 110169, Liaoning, Peoples R China.; Zhao, Q (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Resources & Civil Engn, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China.; Yang, YL (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM lfycl@sina.com; dbdxzq@163.com; yl_yang@zjut.edu.cn RI liu, fuying/R-6212-2019 FU National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51378470]; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province [LY18E080033] FX This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 51378470 and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. LY18E080033. 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PD JUL-AUG PY 2018 VL 32 BP 210 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.01.011 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GM4JL UT WOS:000438085700022 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Blundo, DS Ferrari, AM Fernandez del Hoyo, A Riccardi, MP Muina, FEG AF Settembre Blundo, Davide Ferrari, Anna Maria Fernandez del Hoyo, Alfonso Riccardi, Maria Pia Garcia Muina, Fernando E. TI Improving sustainable cultural heritage restoration work through life cycle assessment based model SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Cultural heritage; Life cycle assessment (LCA); Life cycle costing (LCC); Social life cycle assessment (S-LCA); Sustainable conservation and restoration ID PARADIGMS; COST; TOOL AB Sustainable restoration process is one of the biggest challenges for public and private decision makers in the Cultural Heritage sector. Currently, sustainability assessment methods are well established tools to quantitatively determine their environmental (LCA), economic (LCC) and social (SLCA) impacts from products/service across the entire value chain. Nevertheless, while these life cycle methods are widely applied in many industries and service sectors, they still are at its infancy in the restoration work of Cultural Heritage. The main goal of this paper is to define and build a general framework including all impact indicators related to the restoration work processes to apply experimentally, and for the first time, all the sustainability assessment dimensions together within the Cultural Heritage sector. The ISO 14040 standard under guidelines published by the UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative has been used as an assessment tool. Then, a CH-LCM Model framework based on a previous work from the author is applied to the real case concerning the restoration of the fortress of Uncastillo (Spain). The data collected from the real case concerning the restoration of the fortress of Uncastillo (Spain) have allowed us to reach two objectives: firstly, to validate the model empirically and, secondly, to identify successful managerial practices for the decision makers. In this respect, the paper shows that the life cycle approach can be considered an effective method for improving innovative managerial practices towards the sustainability, preservation and restoration of Cultural Heritage by assessing the environmental impact, the financial and economic feasibility and the implementation of an engagement strategy for the stakeholders. Finally, we have pointed out a set of valuable recommendations for future actions. (c) 2018 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Settembre Blundo, Davide; Garcia Muina, Fernando E.] Rey Juan Carlos Univ, Dept Business Adm ADO Appl Econ & Fundaments Econ, Campus Vicalvaro,P Artilleros S-N, Madrid 28032, Spain. [Ferrari, Anna Maria] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Sci & Methods Engn, Emilia Via Amendola 2, I-42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy. [Fernandez del Hoyo, Alfonso] Comillas Pontifical Univ, Dept Mkt, Madrid Spain Calle Alberto Aguilera 23, Madrid 28015, Spain. [Riccardi, Maria Pia] Univ Pavia, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Via Ferrata 1, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. RP Blundo, DS (reprint author), Rey Juan Carlos Univ, Dept Business Adm ADO Appl Econ & Fundaments Econ, Campus Vicalvaro,P Artilleros S-N, Madrid 28032, Spain. EM d.settembre.2016@alumnos.urjc.es RI Blundo, Davide Settembre/O-2582-2018; Garcia-Muina, Fernando E./A-6360-2009 OI Blundo, Davide Settembre/0000-0003-2474-4648; Garcia-Muina, Fernando E./0000-0002-7807-3715 CR Arcese G, 2015, ENV FOOTPRINTS ECODE, P115, DOI 10.1007/978-981-287-296-8_4 Arcese G, 2013, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V5, P3275, DOI 10.3390/su5083275 Barthel-Botichier Diane, 2012, CULTURAL HERITAGE CH Bennett Dawn. 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PD JUL-AUG PY 2018 VL 32 BP 221 EP 231 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.01.008 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GM4JL UT WOS:000438085700023 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Camuffo, D AF Camuffo, Dario TI Standardization activity in the evaluation of moisture content SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Moisture Detection in Historical Masonry (MODIHMA) CY JUN 04, 2018 CL Politecnico Milano, Milan, ITALY HO Politecnico Milano DE European standards; International standards; Moisture content; Water content; Physical methods; Analytical methods AB This review paper comments the international standards to measure the moisture content in building materials, i.e. EN 772-10: 1999; EN 13183-1:2002; EN 13183-2:2002; EN 13183-3:2005; EN 1428: 2012; EN-ISO 11461:2014; EN-ISO 15512:2014; ISO 11465:1993; ISO 12570:2013; ISO 16979:2003 and ISO 760: \1978. The above standards do apply to new building materials, with standardized composition and shape, in satisfactory state of conservation, without sampling restrictions. If they are applied to aged and deteriorated materials, as in the field of cultural heritage, the results may be misleading. The paper discusses the difference between 'moisture content' and 'water content' and the various problems met with cultural heritage materials, e.g. ethical problem when test specimens are needed; the biased response when wood was attacked by moulds or insect tunnelling, or was impregnated with oil, wax or preservatives; or when masonry contains soluble salts or subsurface discontinuities. The most recent, comprehensive standard is presented, i.e. EN16682 (2017) 'Conservation of cultural heritage - Methods of measurement of moisture content, or water content, in materials constituting immovable cultural heritage' that considers all existing methods and discusses pros and cons of each of them in relation with the real world of aged and deteriorated materials. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Camuffo, Dario] CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. RP Camuffo, D (reprint author), CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. EM d.camuffo@isac.cnr.it FU EUEuropean Union (EU) [226973] FX The author has benefited from many useful discussions at CEN, CT 346, in particular WG7, of which he is convenor, and UNI, WG4, of which he is coordinator. The standardization activity was supported by the EU funded "Climate for Culture" project (Grant 226973). 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PD JUN PY 2018 VL 31 SU S BP S10 EP S14 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.03.021 PG 5 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GF9XX UT WOS:000432333500003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Lubelli, B van Hees, RPJ Bolhuis, J AF Lubelli, B. van Hees, R. P. J. Bolhuis, J. TI Effectiveness of methods against rising damp in buildings: Results from the EMERISDA project SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Moisture Detection in Historical Masonry (MODIHMA) CY JUN 04, 2018 CL Politecnico Milano, Milan, ITALY HO Politecnico Milano DE Rising damp; Assessment of rising damp; Intervention against rising damp; Decision support tool ID PRODUCTS; WALLS AB Risingdamp is a recurrent hazard to ancient buildings in Europe and its relevance is expected to increase in the future, due to climate changes. The presence of rising damp in walls does not only create an unpleasant climate in buildings, but it also enhances damage processes such as frost action, salt crystallization and biological growth, with possible consequences on the health of the inhabitants. The relevance of this problem is reflected by the large variety of products on the market. The wide and differentiated offer and the scarce scientific information on the effectiveness of the methods make it difficult, ( even) for professionals working in the field, to choose a suitable intervention on a sound basis. The JPICH-financed project EMERISDA (2014-2017) [1] aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of different intervention methods against rising damp. The project involved universities, research institutes, heritage agencies and companies (producers and contractors) in Belgium (BBRI, co-ordinator), Italy (CNR-ISAC, Universita' Ca' Foscari Venezia, Restauri Speciali s.r.l., Diasen s.r.l.) and The Netherlands (Delft University of Technology and the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands). The research methodology included the use of an on-line questionnaire and experimental research in laboratory, on scale models and on-site. Both traditional methods, such as chemical injection, and more recent techniques, such as the so-called "electro-physical" methods have been investigated. [2] The following results of the EMERISDA project are presented in this paper: - Results from on- line questionnaire. - Definition of an experimental procedure for the assessment of the presence of rising damp and of the effectiveness of the intervention. - Prototype of decision support tool, which provides insight into the feasibility and risks of existing methods against rising damp and supports actors involved in conservation in the choice and application of the methods against rising damp. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Lubelli, B.; van Hees, R. P. J.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Architecture & Built Environm, Delft, Netherlands. [Bolhuis, J.] Architektenburo Veldman Rietbroek Smit, Leiden, Netherlands. RP Lubelli, B (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Fac Architecture & Built Environm, Delft, Netherlands. EM b.lubelli@tudelft.nl OI Lubelli, Barbara/0000-0002-9932-7040 FU JPICH FX The authors acknowledge the JPICH for financing the EMERISDA project and all the partners for the collaboration. 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PD JUN PY 2018 VL 31 SU S BP S15 EP S22 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.03.025 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GF9XX UT WOS:000432333500004 OA Green Published DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Riminesi, C Sansonetti, A Scala, A AF Riminesi, Cristiano Sansonetti, Antonio Scala, Andrea TI Assessment of the effectiveness of a dehumidification system by emission of electromagnetic fields: Proposal of a protocol SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Moisture Detection in Historical Masonry (MODIHMA) CY JUN 04, 2018 CL Politecnico Milano, Milan, ITALY HO Politecnico Milano DE Non-destructive diagnostic tools; Monitoring; Rising damp; Electromagnetic dehumidification system ID WATER AB In this paper the operation of a dehumidification system has been studied in operating conditions and a protocol for the assessment of its effectiveness is proposed. The physical principle of the used system is based on the interaction of a pulsed electromagnetic field with the masonry materials affected by rising damp phenomena. As it is well known, water has a crucial role in decay mechanisms both by a physical and by a chemical point of view. In fact, soluble salts transport phenomena, biological growth, stress due to expanding clays, freeze-thaw cycles, are among the most diffused examples of decay mechanisms. The target of any dehumidification systems, as the one under analysis, is very ambitious and crucial in the field of cultural heritage conservation; hence starts the authors need in understanding the involved physical mechanisms and in evaluating the effectiveness of these systems. Literature reports laboratory tests carried out with the target to acquire a better knowledge of the interaction mechanism between pulsed electromagnetic field and masonry materials, with and without water presence. Very often laboratory tests are followed by tests on pilot site chosen on purpose. In the example presented in the paper, ground floor masonries belonging to an historical building, with evident rising damp phenomena, was chosen. The building is located at Saltino, Reggello close to Florence, at 995 m asl. The rising of water affects at different levels several rooms of the building at ground floor, but on the north side of the house, the effects are greater. This contribute also proposes preliminary ideas to draw a standard aimed at buildup a protocol for the performance assessment of dehumidification systems, based on different physical principles. A full knowledge of physical principles is mandatory to optimize the effectiveness of these systems. The procedure to assess the effectiveness of these systems must be standardized identifying the environmental parameters to be checked in relation to the ones directly measured on the masonry. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Riminesi, Cristiano; Sansonetti, Antonio] CNR, Inst Conservat & Valorizat Cultural Heritage, Rome, Italy. [Scala, Andrea] Univ Siena, Dept Phys Earth & Environm Sci, Siena, Italy. RP Riminesi, C (reprint author), CNR, Inst Conservat & Valorizat Cultural Heritage, Rome, Italy. EM cristiano.riminesi@cnr.it RI Sansonetti, Antonio/AAG-9406-2020 OI Sansonetti, Antonio/0000-0003-4938-1417 CR Alfano G, 2006, BUILD ENVIRON, V41, P1060, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.04.017 Di Tullio V, 2012, INT J SPECTROSC, DOI 10.1155/2012/494301 Franzoni E, 2014, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V54, P123, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.12.054 Healy WM, 2003, ASHRAE T, V109, P232 Hosoda H, 2004, J PHYS CHEM A, V108, P1461, DOI 10.1021/jp0310145 Olmi R, 2006, MEAS SCI TECHNOL, V17, P2281, DOI 10.1088/0957-0233/17/8/032 Olmi R., 2008, STUDY WATER MASS TRA, DOI [10.1393/ncc/ic2008-10298-0, DOI 10.1393/NCC/IC2008-10298-0] Otsuka I, 2006, J PHYS CHEM B, V110, P1509, DOI 10.1021/jp056198x OZEKI S, 1991, J PHYS CHEM-US, V95, P10557, DOI 10.1021/j100179a012 Pleyers GJ, 2001, P HYDR 3 3 INT C SUR, P247 Sandrolini F, 2005, FLOODING ENV CHALLEN, P181 Sandrolini F, 2007, RESTORE BUILD MONUME, V13, P161 Su N, 2003, CEMENT CONCRETE COMP, V25, P681, DOI 10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00098-7 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUN PY 2018 VL 31 SU S BP S46 EP S51 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.04.002 PG 6 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GF9XX UT WOS:000432333500008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Rosina, E AF Rosina, Elisabetta TI When and how reducing moisture content for the conservation of historic building. A problem solving view or monitoring approach? SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Moisture; Historic masonry; Diagnostics; Monitoring; Humidity; Decay; Intervention AB conservation of historic buildings requires to face the technical issue for preserving the historic building materials, as stated in the recent Code for protection of Cultural Heritage, in Italy (2004). Rising damp is a recurrent cause of damage, and the climatic changes are going toward the increase of humidity in the historic masonry: at 40/50. latitudes, at continental/Mediterranean climatic conditions, the alternance of dry seasons and almost monsonic seasons dramatically affects the distribution of rising damp in porous materials, as well as the water content. The evaporation of rising damp from the wet surface due to occasional or seasonal change of air temperature, causes the major damage due to salts crystallization. The evaluation of the increase of water inside the masonry is a critical issue for preventing the damages, because the presence of the water can sharply, naturally decrease in the dry seasons, as well as rapidly increases one month or more after the beginning of heavy and constant rain. The interventions against water intruding the masonry due to water table or rainfalls that are not properly taken away from the structure are totally different, although the damages caused by both these causes are the same. Monitoring the presence and distribution of the water is useful to support the choice of the most appropriate intervention, reducing the risk to apply not effective and expensive products and preventing an oversize intervention. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Rosina, Elisabetta] Politecn Milan, ABC Dept, Piazza Lenardo da Vinci 32, Milan, Italy. RP Rosina, E (reprint author), Politecn Milan, ABC Dept, Piazza Lenardo da Vinci 32, Milan, Italy. EM elisabetta.rosina@polimi.it CR Adamson C., 2010, ENV EARTH SCI AUG Antretter F., 2015, CLIMATE CULTURE ASSE Avdelidis N. 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J., 2008, RAPID CATASTROPHIC D Spodek J, 2009, J ARCHIT CONSERV, V15, P65, DOI 10.1080/13556207.2009.10785040 Uranjek M., 2015, INFLUENCE FREEZE THA van Aarle M., 2015, HYGRO THERMAL SIMULA NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUN PY 2018 VL 31 SU S BP S82 EP S88 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.03.023 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GF9XX UT WOS:000432333500012 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Napolitano, RK Glisic, B AF Napolitano, Rebecca K. Glisic, Branko TI Minimizing the adverse effects of bias and low repeatability precision in photogrammetry software through statistical analysis SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE 3D recording; Photogrammetry; Accuracy; Repeatability; Documentation; Heritage structures ID 3D; ARCHAEOLOGY AB While photogrammetry is widely implemented in fields such as archaeology and cultural heritage, the accuracy of this method has yet to be fully addressed. It is imperative that digital photogrammetry models depicting sites of cultural heritage have accurate dimensions to avoid misunderstandings and incorrect analysis. This paper outlines a new method for minimizing the adverse effects of bias and low repeatability precision in photogrammetry software. Specifically, this paper quantitatively addresses the effects of systematic error during scaling of digital photogrammetry models as well as the random error due to a repeatability issue inherent to photogrammetry software. The method was developed using statistical analysis and robust uncertainty calculations and validated through multiple case studies. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Napolitano, Rebecca K.; Glisic, Branko] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 59 Olden St, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Napolitano, RK (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 59 Olden St, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM Rkn2@princeton.edu RI Glisic, Branko/F-6105-2013 OI Glisic, Branko/0000-0002-1852-5310; Napolitano, Rebecca/0000-0002-8939-5998 FU Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Princeton; Sollenberger family; Norman J. Sollenberger fund; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship ProgramNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DGE-1656466] FX We thank Wesley Reinhart for fruitful discussions. This work was supported by the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Princeton. Additionally, thank you to the Sollenberger family and the Norman J. Sollenberger fund for further financial support. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. DGE-1656466. Any opinions, findings, and conclusionsor recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2018 VL 31 BP 46 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.11.005 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GD3QB UT WOS:000430417500005 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Su, BM Zhang, HB Zhang, BJ Jiang, DQ Zhang, R Tan, X AF Su Bomin Zhang Huabing Zhang Binjian Jiang Deqiang Zhang Rui Tan Xiang TI A scientific investigation of five polymeric materials used in the conservation of murals in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Dunhuang; Mural; Conservation materials; Scientific investigation AB Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang is one of the World Cultural Heritage sites with splendid ancient murals and sculptures. Since 1950s, polymeric materials, such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, silicone-acrylate copolymers and gelatin have been used as adhesion and consolidation agents for repairing the damages of flaking, powdering, disruption and paint loss on the murals. However, the scientific investigation of physicochemical properties and conservation efficiencies of these polymeric materials, which are quite crucial for the on-site evaluation of the previous conservation treatments and the long-term preventive preservation and monitoring of the works of art in the future, has not been fully performed yet. In this paper, we report the results of fully scientific investigation of these polymeric materials, using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Gel Permeation Chromatography, Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses, and viscosity, strength, pH, nonvolatile matter tests, as well as water vapor permeability and surface wettability evaluation. The results show that polyacrylates, silicone-acrylate copolymers and gelatin, compared with polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol exhibit better physicochemical and conservative properties, less affecting or changing the nature of murals. The data obtained will be helpful for the formal documentation of conservation materials used in Mogao Grottoes. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Su Bomin; Zhang Huabing; Zhang Rui; Tan Xiang] Dunhuang Acad, Conservat Inst, Dunhuang 736200, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Su Bomin; Zhang Huabing; Zhang Rui; Tan Xiang] Natl Res Ctr Conservat Ancient Murals, Dunhuang 736200, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Zhang Binjian] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Cultural Heritage & Museol, Hangzhou 310028, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Jiang Deqiang] Lanzhou Capital Chem Technol Co Ltd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. RP Su, BM (reprint author), Natl Res Ctr Conservat Ancient Murals, Dunhuang 736200, Gansu, Peoples R China. EM subomin@hotmail.com FU National Basic Research Program of ChinaNational Basic Research Program of China [2012CB720902] FX The author gratefully acknowledges the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Number 2012CB720902) for the financial support. The author would like to thank the State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication (SK-LSL) of Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the Analysis and Testing Centre of Lanzhou University, for the tests and analyses. 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PD MAY-JUN PY 2018 VL 31 BP 105 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2018.01.002 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GD3QB UT WOS:000430417500011 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Prados-Pena, MB del Barrio-Garcia, S AF Belen Prados-Pena, Maria del Barrio-Garcia, Salvador TI The effect of fit and authenticity on attitudes toward the brand extension: The case of the Monumental Complex of the Alhambra and Generalife SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Brand extension; Brand extension fit; Brand extension authenticity; Cultural heritage; Alhambra ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; CONSUMER EVALUATIONS; KNOWLEDGE; EQUITY; IMPACT; EXPERIENCE; BENEFITS; MEDIATOR; ASSET; AD AB As a widely-used strategy among firms wishing to launch new products, brand extension has been the focus of numerous studies in recent years. However, very few works have focused on analysing brand extensions in the cultural context - that is, the use of a brand linked to cultural heritage as the parent brand from which to grow the extension. The present investigation is designed to shed light on this issue, taking the Monumental Complex of the Alhambra and Generalife (MCAG) as the parent brand for analysis. The work examines the effect of two factors, brand extension fit and brand extension authenticity, on attitudes toward the brand extension. A between-subjects experimental design was used: 2 (high vs. low degree of brand extension fit) x 3 (high, moderate, and low degree of brand extension authenticity). The results demonstrate that there is a transfer of positive effect from the MCAG parent brand to the brand extension, and that the greater the degree of the extension's authenticity relative to the Monumental Complex, the stronger this transfer. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Belen Prados-Pena, Maria; del Barrio-Garcia, Salvador] Univ Granada, Dept Mkt & Market Res, Campus Cartuja S-N, E-18071 Granada, Spain. RP del Barrio-Garcia, S (reprint author), Univ Granada, Dept Mkt & Market Res, Campus Cartuja S-N, E-18071 Granada, Spain. EM bprados@ugr.es; dbarrio@ugr.es RI Prados-Pena, Maria Belen/Q-2833-2018; Pena, Maria Belen Prados/N-3304-2019; Del Barrio-Garcia, Salvador/I-3632-2015 OI Prados-Pena, Maria Belen/0000-0002-0689-1276; Pena, Maria Belen Prados/0000-0002-0689-1276; Del Barrio-Garcia, Salvador/0000-0002-6144-0240 FU CEI BioTic Granada [20F12/43]; Andalusian Program for RD [P12-SEJ2592] FX This study was funded by CEI BioTic Granada (grant number 20F12/43), and Andalusian Program for R&D (grant number P12-SEJ2592). 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PD MAY-JUN PY 2018 VL 31 BP 170 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.12.003 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA GD3QB UT WOS:000430417500018 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Nunes, C Skruzna, O Valek, J AF Nunes, Cristiana Skruzna, Olga Valek, Jan TI Study of nitrate contaminated samples from a historic building with the hygroscopic moisture content method: Contribution of laboratory data to interpret results practical significance SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Soluble salts; Hygroscopicity; Moisture content; Nitrate salts; Deliquescence; Porous building materials ID SALT CONTENT; BEHAVIOR; COEFFICIENTS; MIXTURES AB The assessment of moisture and soluble salt sources affecting the masonry materials of a historic building located in the Old Town of Prague triggered the present experimental research focused on the use of the hygroscopic moisture content (HMC) method for the evaluation of nitrate salts in building materials. The historic building under study had been recently subjected to a rehabilitation intervention that encompassed the injection of a damp-proofing chemical at the ground level and the application of renovation mortar coats. The applied renovation plasters and renders showed striking moist stains within 6 months after their application. To unveil the reason behind the moist-related problems observed, several samples of repair plasters and renders, as well as of the underlying historic masonry materials, were collected from representative affected areas of the building. The HMC method combined with ion chromatography (IC) was used to investigate the nature and amount of soluble salts in the specimens. Nitrates were generally found in a high content and located at high levels (ca. 3 m height) in the walls. The IC results and the generalised surface wetting observed on-site led us to infer that nitrocalcite was one of the main salts present. The results obtained instigated a laboratory study with the HMC method to assess the hygroscopic behaviour of single nitrate salts and salt mixtures. The selection of single salts and the design of the salt mixtures was based on the IC data of the selected historical materials' samples aiming at replicating their hygroscopic behaviour. The results of the case study indicated that the rehabilitation strategy implemented reduced the rising damp phenomena, but that the choice of the type of mortar coats may have contributed to drawing existing moisture (and salts) to higher levels in the walls. The evaluation of the hygroscopic behaviour of samples with the HMC method at a range of RH provided a better understanding of the on-site behaviour of the salt-contaminated materials in the building. The results of the laboratory study showed that the salt mixtures prepared simulated well the hygroscopic behaviour of the building samples. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Nunes, Cristiana; Skruzna, Olga; Valek, Jan] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Theoret & Appl Mech, Prosecka 809-76, Prague 19000, Czech Republic. RP Nunes, C (reprint author), Czech Acad Sci, Inst Theoret & Appl Mech, Prosecka 809-76, Prague 19000, Czech Republic. EM nunes@itam.cas.cz; skuzna@itam.cas.cz; valek@itam.cas.cz RI Nunes, Cristiana Lara/H-2141-2014; Skruzna, Olga/H-5076-2018; Valek, Jan/K-5209-2012 OI Nunes, Cristiana Lara/0000-0003-1137-5994; Skruzna, Olga/0000-0003-0129-8876; Valek, Jan/0000-0002-9044-9738 FU project Lime Materials for Restoration and Conservation of Authentic Elements of Historic Buildings [DG16P02H012] FX This study was supported by the project Lime Materials for Restoration and Conservation of Authentic Elements of Historic Buildings (DG16P02H012). The authors are thankful to Dr. Radek Sevcik of the Laboratory for Physical and Chemical Analyses and Material Innovations of the Centre of Excellence Telc for performing the IC analysis. 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PD MAR-APR PY 2018 VL 30 BP 57 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.09.013 PG 13 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FZ4RU UT WOS:000427580300008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Lopez-Martinez, T Garcia-Bueno, A Medina-Florez, VJ AF Lopez-Martinez, Teresa Garcia-Bueno, Ana Medina-Florez, Victor J. TI New methodology for the assessment of cleaning treatments. Applications of photogrammetry for restoration SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Restoration; Photogrammetry; 3D model; Cleaning; Assessment ID CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY AB The development of new technologies in recent years, together with their cost reduction, have fostered their use in different fields such as Cultural Heritage. Likewise, new software and easy accessibility, either through trial versions or due to open-source software, have endorsed their establishment as essential tools in our everyday life. In this paper, a new methodology based on photogrammetry is proposed for the assessment of cleaning treatments. A set of wall painting fragments was the subject of study. By generating and comparing the photogrammetric model of the fragment before and after the cleaning treatment, this methodology enabled to determine those areas in which the treatment had been more effective - thus removing a higher quantity of dirt- and, on the other hand, those areas in which the treatment had not performed well - and the surface had been left intact. Therefore, photogrammetry offers a low cost, portable and simple solution for objectively assessing the efficacy of a cleaning treatment. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Lopez-Martinez, Teresa; Garcia-Bueno, Ana; Medina-Florez, Victor J.] Univ Granada, Fac Bellas Artes Alonso Cano, Dept Pintura, Ave Andalucia S-N, E-18071 Granada, Spain. RP Lopez-Martinez, T (reprint author), Univ Granada, Fac Bellas Artes Alonso Cano, Dept Pintura, Ave Andalucia S-N, E-18071 Granada, Spain. EM terelm@ona.com; anagar@ugr.es; vjmedina@ugr.es RI ; Medina Florez, Victor Jesus/S-9757-2017 OI Lopez-Martinez, Teresa/0000-0002-3882-1053; Medina Florez, Victor Jesus/0000-0001-6546-1471 FU Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness; European Regional Development Fund (MINECO/ERDF, EU)European Union (EU) [HAR2015-66139-P]; Excellence Project of the Andalusian Regional Government [P12-HUM-1941]; University Faculty Training programme (in Spanish, FPU)German Research Foundation (DFG) FX This work has been funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and by the European Regional Development Fund (MINECO/ERDF, EU) within the framework of the Research Project HAR2015-66139-P, as well as by the Excellence Project of the Andalusian Regional Government P12-HUM-1941 and the University Faculty Training programme (in Spanish, FPU). CR Arbace L, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, P332, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.06.008 Barbetti I, 2013, INT J CONSERV SCI, V4, P525 Callieri M, 2004, IEEE COMPUT GRAPH, V24, P16, DOI 10.1109/MCG.2004.1274056 Cignoni P, 2008, ERCIM NEWS, V73, P47 Del Fa RM, 2015, EUR J SCI THEOL, V11, P179 del Ordi Castilla B., 2010, ARCHE, P73 Dellepiane M, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, P201, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.01.011 Evin A, 2016, J ARCHAEOL SCI-REP, V9, P87, DOI 10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.06.028 Gruen A., 2003, P CVPR IEEE COMP SOC Kim MH, 2014, ACM J COMPUT CULT HE, V7, DOI 10.1145/2567652 Koutsoudis A, 2014, J CULT HERIT, V15, P73, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.12.003 Nicolae C., 2014, ISPRS INT ARCH PHOTO, P451, DOI [10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-5-451-2014, DOI 10.5194/ISPRSARCHIVES-XL-5-451-2014] Nikolov I., 2016, PROGR CULTURAL HERIT, P15, DOI [10.1007/978-3-319-48496-9_2, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-48496-9_2] Robson S., 2004, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMME Toler-Franklin C, 2010, ACM T GRAPHIC, V29, DOI 10.1145/1866158.1866207 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2018 VL 30 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.09.019 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FZ4RU UT WOS:000427580300014 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Fatoric, S Seekamp, E AF Fatoric, Sandra Seekamp, Erin TI A measurement framework to increase transparency in historic preservation decision-making under changing climate conditions SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Cultural resource management; Climate adaptation planning; Prioritization; Values; Deliberation; Significance ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; UNITED-STATES; RESOURCES; SITES; COAST AB Today, cultural heritage planning and decision-making operate under considerable climate, political, and financial uncertainties and constraints. Consequently, decision-makers are often left making value-laden judgments of what to preserve, restore, and maintain in their best judgments, which can leave them open to criticism for not protecting the cultural resources most important to various and diverse stakeholder groups. Thus, a transparent and robust process to optimally maintain cultural heritage values for present and future generations is needed. We address this knowledge gap by developing a novel, transparent, and value-based measurement framework for assessing relative "historical significance" and "use potential" of diverse historic buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places (United States). Measures of historical significance include: the association of a building with the purpose of a NPS site's foundation, the current physical condition of a building, the building's historic character, and National Register listing criteria. Specific measures of use potential consider the importance of historic building's operational, third party, visitor, interpretative, and scientific uses. The application of the framework is presented using a subset of buildings located within two separately listed historic districts at Cape Lookout National Seashore, North Carolina. The framework focuses on the current status of the cultural resource's significance and use potential while acknowledging that corresponding attributes, metrics and weights can change over time and should be regularly updated. It is hoped that the historical significance and use potential framework can assist the decision-makers and stakeholders, and better inform both the cultural heritage management and allocation prioritization for climate adaptation planning when it is applied in tandem with climate change vulnerability assessments. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Fatoric, Sandra; Seekamp, Erin] North Carolina State Univ, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Parks Recreat & Tourism Management, 2820 Faucette Dr,Campus Box 8004, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Seekamp, E (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Parks Recreat & Tourism Management, 2820 Faucette Dr,Campus Box 8004, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM sfatori@ncsu.edu; elseekam@ncsu.edu OI Seekamp, Erin/0000-0001-5082-1921; Fatoric, Sandra/0000-0002-3712-0749 FU US Geological Survey (USGS) through the National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center; Department of Interior (DOI) Southeast Climate Science Center (SECSC) [G15AP00141] FX This research was supported by the US Geological Survey (USGS) through the National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center and the Department of Interior (DOI) Southeast Climate Science Center (SECSC) through grant agreement G15AP00141. We would like to thank all participants who attended a series of workshops and iterative meetings and contributed to development of the present framework. We would also like to thank Mitch Eaton (USGS, DOI SECSC) for his assistance in the development of this framework at the second workshop. 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PD MAR-APR PY 2018 VL 30 BP 168 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.08.006 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FZ4RU UT WOS:000427580300019 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Bourguignon, E Tomasin, P Detalle, V Vallet, JM Laboure, M Olteanu, I Favaro, M Chiurato, MA Bernardi, A Becherini, F AF Bourguignon, Elsa Tomasin, Patrizia Detalle, Vincent Vallet, Jean-Marc Laboure, Martin Olteanu, Iulian Favaro, Monica Chiurato, Matteo Andrea Bernardi, Adriana Becherini, Francesca TI Calcium alkoxides as alternative consolidants for wall paintings: Evaluation of their performance in laboratory and on site, on model and original samples, in comparison to conventional products SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Calcium alkoxides; Wall paintings; Consolidation treatment; Consolidants' performance evaluation; Cultural heritage conservation; Impact testing device ID ACRYLIC PROTECTIVE POLYMERS; FIELD EXPOSURE TESTS; CULTURAL-HERITAGE; POROUS MATERIALS; CONSERVATION; DURABILITY; PIGMENTS AB In the field of cultural heritage conservation, wall paintings treatment is a particularly complex issue, which requires a suitable choice of materials. In this paper, two innovative calcium alkoxides, calcium tetrahydrofurfuryl oxide [Ca(OTHF)(2)] and calcium ethoxide [Ca(OEt)(2)], are proposed as new products for the consolidation of wall paintings. They were developed during the NANOMATCH European project and their efficacy, compatibility with the substrate and durability were evaluated in comparison with commercial products on both model and real samples. Model samples were exposed in four different sites around Europe to investigate the treatments' behaviour under different climatic conditions. The main research results are reported here: alkoxides showed to be a good option for wall paintings' consolidatione specially in presence of certain binders and pigments. Finally, an impact testing device was used for the first time for the evaluation of the consolidants' efficacy and thus proposed as a reliable methodology for their performance assessment. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Bourguignon, Elsa; Detalle, Vincent] LRMH, F-77420 Champs Sur Marne, France. [Tomasin, Patrizia; Favaro, Monica; Chiurato, Matteo Andrea] CNR ICMATE, Padua, Italy. [Vallet, Jean-Marc] CICRP, F-13003 Marseille, France. [Laboure, Martin] Prestim Grp, F-67560 Rosheim, France. [Olteanu, Iulian] SC DUCT SRL, Bucharest, Romania. [Chiurato, Matteo Andrea] Univ Ferrara, Dept Life Sci & Biotechnol SVeB, Ferrara, Italy. [Bernardi, Adriana; Becherini, Francesca] CNR ISAC, Padua, Italy. RP Tomasin, P (reprint author), CNR ICMATE, Padua, Italy. EM patrizia.tomasin@cnr.it RI Becherini, Francesca/AAD-8969-2020; Detalle, Vincent/V-2528-2019 OI Detalle, Vincent/0000-0002-2716-6057 FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [283182] FX The NANOMATCH Project (Nano-systems for the conservation of immoveable and moveable polymaterial Cultural Heritage in a changing environment) has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No. [283182]. Authors express their gratitude to Barbara Lubelli and Rob Van Hees (TNO, Netherlands) for their fruitful discussion and support during the experimental work and for their critical reading the paper, and to O. Guillon (CICRP) for the photos and O. Grauby (CINaM) for his participation to the SEM-EDX study. 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Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2018 VL 29 BP 54 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.07.008 PG 13 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FV1MG UT WOS:000424325800007 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Messaoudi, T Veron, P Halin, G De Luca, L AF Messaoudi, Tommy Veron, Philippe Halin, Gilles De Luca, Livio TI An ontological model for the reality- based 3D annotation of heritage building conservation state SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Cultural heritage; Ontology; Data management; Semantic annotation; Knowledge AB The conservation and restoration of historical monuments require a diagnostic analysis carried out by a multidisciplinary team. The results of the diagnosis include data produced by different techniques and protocols, which are used by conservation scientists to assess the built heritage. Nowadays, together with the aforementioned data, a great deal of heterogeneous information is also available, including descriptive and contextual information, as well as 2D/3D geometrical restitution of the studied object. However, the integration of these diverse data into a unique information model capable of fully describing the building conservation state, as well as integrating future data, is still an open issue within the Cultural Heritage community. It is of paramount importance to correlate these data and spatialize them in order to provide scientists in charge of our heritage with a practical and easy means to explore the information used during their assessment, as well as a way to record their scientific observation and share them within their community of practice. In order to resolve this issue, we developed a correlation pipeline for the integration of the semantic, spatial and morphological dimension of a built heritage. The pipeline uses anontological model for recording and integrating multidisciplinary observations of the conservation state into structural data spatialized into a semantic-aware 3D representation. The pipeline was successfully tested on the Saint Maurice church of Caromb in the south of France, integrating into a unique spatial representation information about material and alteration phenomena, providing users with a means to correlate, and more importantly retrieve several types of information. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Messaoudi, Tommy; Halin, Gilles; De Luca, Livio] UMR 3495 MAP CNRS MCC, Campus CNRS Joseph Aiguier,Batiment Z, F-13009 Marseille, France. [Messaoudi, Tommy; Veron, Philippe] Arts & Metiers ParisTech, UMR CNRS LSIS 7296, F-13100 Aix En Provence, France. RP Messaoudi, T (reprint author), UMR 3495 MAP CNRS MCC, Campus CNRS Joseph Aiguier,Batiment Z, F-13009 Marseille, France. EM tommy.messaoudi@map.cnrs.fr; philippe.veron@ensam.eu; livio.deluca@map.cnrs.fr OI Veron, Philippe/0000-0002-4062-2432; Halin, Gilles/0000-0001-6687-3566 CR Andrews P, 2012, SEMANT WEB, V3, P223, DOI 10.3233/SW-2011-0056 Astrova I, 2008, WEBIST 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WEB INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES, VOL 2, P131 Benard A., 2015, REPORT INTERNSHIP CA Bromblet P., 2008, ILLUSTRATED GLOSSARY Cacciotti R, 2015, J CULT HERIT, V16, P40, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.02.002 De Luca L., 2014, MONUMENTUM DIGITAL M de Montclos J. M. 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Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2018 VL 29 BP 100 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.05.017 PG 13 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FV1MG UT WOS:000424325800012 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Scrivano, S Gaggero, L AF Scrivano, Simona Gaggero, Laura TI Non-invasive analytical technique to address water uptake on stone surfaces: The implemented Contact Sponge Method (i-CSM) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Implemented Contact Sponge Method (i-CSM); In-situ diagnostics; Water absorption; Surface water uptake ID PERFORMANCE; DURABILITY; ROCKS; TOOL AB The assessment of capillary rise rate is a recommended test in Cultural Heritage diagnostics to evaluate the evolution of stone textural properties and decay, and performances of conservation treatments. Beside laboratory tests, diverse non-invasive and non-destructive, in-situ methods were developed in order to establish the monitoring for monumental structures and decorative apparatus: Karsten tube, Mirowsky pipe and contact sponge methods (CSM). The comparison between the diverse techniques demonstrated high comparability between the datasets obtained with the CSM (UNI 11432:2011) and those recast with capillary absorption. However, the dataset collected with the conventional method is affected by high standard deviation due to several variables, mainly operator-dependent. The adoption of a pocket penetrometer, coupled with the use of a thicker sponge, aimed at parameterizing the load upon the surface. The implementations allowed a higher reproducibility of the measures, as well as the possibility of applying increasing pressures. In this study the i(mplemented)-CSM was adopted to test the adsorption behaviour of a set of ornamental stones (Macigno Sandstone, Breccia Aurora, Rosso Veronaand Vicenza Stone) both un-weathered and weathered by freeze-thaw ageing and salt weathering. A correlation between the maximum open pore radius and an increase in water absorbance at higher loads was established. The preliminary promising results wait to be further validated on larger datasets. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Scrivano, Simona; Gaggero, Laura] Univ Genoa, Dept Earth Environm & Life Sci, Cso Europa 26, I-16132 Genoa, Italy. RP Scrivano, S (reprint author), Univ Genoa, Dept Earth Environm & Life Sci, Cso Europa 26, I-16132 Genoa, Italy. EM simona.scrivano@edu.unige.it FU "Analisi delle proprieta microstrutturali, chimico-fisiche di materiali inorganici; determinazioni FX We acknowledge the revisions of the two anonymous referees, who helped us improving the manuscript. This work was carried out with the financial support of the "Analisi delle proprieta microstrutturali, chimico-fisiche di materiali inorganici; determinazioni quantitative della composizione mineralogica di materialinaturali e delle proprieta tecniche dei materiali litici" Laboratory funds, DISTAV, University of Genoa. The authors acknowledge Claudio Belfortini for crafting the tip, Prof. Maurizio Ferretti for access to the facilities at DCCI, Prof. Josep Gisbert Aguilar of the University of Zaragoza for the support in the capillary uptake measurements, and Frosini Pietre s.r.l., Breccia Aurora s.r.l, Fasani Celeste s.r.l., and Nichele Fratelli s.r.l. for providing the samples. CR Amat A, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, P23, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.02.015 [Anonymous], 2010, 158032010 UNI EN [Anonymous], 2010, 158012010 UNI EN [Anonymous], 2011, 114322011 UNI, V11432 [Anonymous], 2008, 111862008 UNI Benavente D, 2007, ENVIRON GEOL, V52, P197, DOI 10.1007/s00254-006-0475-y Benavente D, 2004, ENG GEOL, V74, P113, DOI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2004.03.005 Benavente D, 2001, ENG GEOL, V59, P313, DOI 10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00020-5 Benavente D., 2006, CURA INFLUENCE WATER, P1 Calia A, 2014, GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL, V391, P139, DOI 10.1144/SP391.8 Manfredotti M, 2006, BOOK ABSTRACTS HERIT, P103 Molina E, 2011, ENG GEOL, V118, P110, DOI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.01.008 Nicholson DT, 2001, EARTH SURF PROC LAND, V26, P819, DOI 10.1002/esp.228 Pardini C., 2004, ARKOS, V5, P32 Pinna D, 2012, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V423, P132, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.02.012 Pope GA, 2002, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V47, P211, DOI 10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00098-3 Scrivano S, Q J ENG GEO IN PRESS Svahn H., 2006, LIT REV Vandevoorde D., 2013, BUILT HERIT MONIT CO, P1472 Vandevoorde D, 2013, PROCEDIA CHEM, V8, P317, DOI 10.1016/j.proche.2013.03.039 Vandevoorde D, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, P41, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.10.002 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2017 VL 28 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.05.013 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FL4VX UT WOS:000414230700002 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Hadzima-Nyarko, M Misetic, V Moric, D AF Hadzima-Nyarko, Marijana Misetic, Valentina Moric, Dragan TI Seismic vulnerability assessment of an old historical masonry building in Osijek, Croatia, using Damage Index SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Seismic vulnerability; Masonry buildings; Historical buildings of Tvrdja in Osijek; Damage index ID PERFORMANCE; TOWERS AB Osijek is the largest city in eastern Croatia and the fourth largest city in the country. The most preserved Baroque buildings of Croatia are located in Tvrdja, the old historical city core. Tvrdja represents the educational, cultural and administrative centre of Osijek, and consists of 106 buildings. One of the problems facing civil engineers today is preserving a large number of older masonry buildings, built in areas of seismic active zones. It is very important to evaluate the existing earthquake resistance of these buildings in order to strengthen existing buildings and/or prepare emergency plans using realistic seismic scenarios. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a relatively fast but accurate seismic vulnerability assessment, which the proposed method in this paper satisfies. The aim of the article is to determine, using Damage Index coefficient, the seismic vulnerability of a historical building located in Tvrdja. For the analysed area, a set of seven earthquake records is specified, and using different structures modelled as single-degree-of-freedom systems, Damage index spectral functions are determined. Thus, by knowing the proposed parameters of a single-degree-of-freedom system representing an unreinforced masonry building, a response of the structure to a given earthquake can be determined using the graph of Damage index spectral functions. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Hadzima-Nyarko, Marijana; Misetic, Valentina; Moric, Dragan] Univ Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Fac Civil Engn, Vladimira Preloga 3, Osijek 31000, Croatia. RP Hadzima-Nyarko, M (reprint author), Univ Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Fac Civil Engn, Vladimira Preloga 3, Osijek 31000, Croatia. EM mhadzima@gfos.hr; valentina.misetic@gmail.com; dmoric@gfos.hr CR Ademovic N, 2015, GRADEVINAR, V67, P351 Ademovic N, 2013, ENG STRUCT, V50, P13, DOI 10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.11.031 American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010, MIN DES LOADS BUILD Apostolska R, 2016, TEH VJESN, V23, P1177, DOI 10.17559/TV-20150312110020 Asteris PG, 2014, ENG STRUCT, V62-63, P118, DOI 10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.01.031 BANON H, 1982, EARTHQUAKE ENG STRUC, V10, P179, DOI 10.1002/eqe.4290100202 Charney F. A., 1997, EERC CUREE S HON VV, P251 Eleftheriadou AK, 2013, EARTHQ STRUCT, V4, P299, DOI 10.12989/eas.2013.4.3.299 EN 1998-1, 2004, 19981 EN EUR COM 1 S Fajfar P., 1996, N2 METHOD SEISMIC DA Grunthal G, 1998, EUROPEAN MACROSEISMI Gunturi S. K. 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Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2017 VL 28 BP 140 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.cuther.2017.05.012 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FL4VX UT WOS:000414230700016 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Nicu, IC AF Nicu, Ionut Cristi TI Frequency ratio and GIS-based evaluation of landslide susceptibility applied to cultural heritage assessment SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Landslide susceptibility; Frequency ratio; AUC; Cultural heritage; GIS ID CONSERVATION; SITES AB This study aims to produce landslide susceptibility maps using frequency ratio (FR) model with the help of GIS to be used in cultural heritage (CH) mitigation and assessment for a catchment from northeastern Romania. In total, seven conditioning factors were used to assess the landslide susceptibility index (LSI): elevation, slope angle, curvature, normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI), roughness, distance to rivers and landforms. The landslide susceptibility maps were prepared with the help of GIS software and classified into four susceptibility areas: low, medium, high, and very high. The more conditioning factors were added to the susceptibility, the better validation results were obtained (from an AUC = 0.51 corresponding for five factors, to an AUC = 0.75 for the seven factors). The model validation has shown that the maps made using FR model has a success rate of 75.24%. The landslide susceptibility maps have a high accuracy and will be helpful not only for CH protection and preservation, also for land-use planning, hazard mitigation, and risk reduction. Out of the 47 CH sites, more than a half are located in areas with high and very high susceptibility to landslides. 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PD NOV-DEC PY 2017 VL 28 BP 172 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.cuther.2017.06.002 PG 5 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FL4VX UT WOS:000414230700020 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Van den Bulcke, J Van Loo, D Dierick, M Masschaele, B Van Hoorebeke, L Van Acker, J AF Van den Bulcke, Jan Van Loo, Denis Dierick, Manuel Masschaele, Bert Van Hoorebeke, Luc Van Acker, Joris TI Nondestructive research on wooden musical instruments: From macro- to microscale imaging with lab-based X-ray CT systems SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE X-ray CT; Wooden musical instruments; 3D annual ring analysis; Thickness analysis; Economical evaluation ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MESSIAH VIOLIN; STRADIVARI,ANTONIO; FLUTE AB X-ray CT scanning is an invaluable technique in many research domains. Different commercial scanner types are developed, tailored to different needs, yet the Centre for X-ray Tomography of the Ghent University (UGCT) develops its own in-house open modular scanners with significant experimental freedom, both for applied research in various fields as for research on tomography itself. The maturity of the technique opens up possibilities in cultural heritage, more specifically the field of wooden musical instruments. Here, we present the possibilities and opportunities of two particular scanners at UGCT: Nanowood and HECTOR. Instruments of different size and shape can be scanned either entirely either one can focus on a specific region of the instrument, resulting in qualitative and quantitative mapping of a range of features at different spatial scales. A cello, acoustic guitar, violin and bow, pipa and standard recorder are scanned using different acquisition modes, and qualitative and quantitative assessment of different features such as general structure assessment, glue line integrity, thickness distribution mapping, volume calculations, growth ring analysis are illustrated. These examples demonstrate the flexible and powerful use of lab-based CT scanners for nondestructive research of wooden musical instruments. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Van den Bulcke, Jan; Van Acker, Joris] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Forest & Water Management, UGCT,Lab Wood Technol, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Van Loo, Denis; Dierick, Manuel; Masschaele, Bert; Van Hoorebeke, Luc] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, UGCT, Proeftuinstr 86-N12, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Van Loo, Denis; Dierick, Manuel; Masschaele, Bert] Xray Engn Bvba XRE, De Pintelaan 111, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Van den Bulcke, J (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Forest & Water Management, UGCT,Lab Wood Technol, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM Jan.VandenBulcke@UGent.be; Denis.VanLoo@xre.be; Manuel.Dierick@UGent.be; Bert.Masschaele@xre.be; Luc.VanHoorebeke@UGent.be; Joris.VanAcker@UGent.be FU IWT FlandersInstitute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT) [Strategic Basic Research - SBO 060032]; Flemish community through Strategic Initiative Materials in Flanders; Ghent UniversityGhent University FX The authors acknowledge the use of cello and recorder from Darline Velghe and pipa from Kristof Haneca. The authors also acknowledge the project SimForTree of IWT Flanders (Strategic Basic Research - SBO 060032) for financial support for obtaining the Nanowood equipment and the financial support of the Flemish community through the Strategic Initiative Materials in Flanders, the special Research Fund of Ghent University and the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) for obtaining the HECTOR equipment. 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Cult. Herit. PD OCT PY 2017 VL 27 SU S BP S78 EP S87 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.01.010 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FR0KW UT WOS:000418751400011 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Masciotta, MG Ramos, LF Lourenco, PB AF Masciotta, Maria-Giovanna Ramos, Luis F. Lourenco, Paulo B. TI The importance of structural monitoring as a diagnosis and control tool in the restoration process of heritage structures: A case study in Portugal SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Cultural heritage conservation; Structural monitoring; Diagnosis and control; Masonry buildings ID MODAL IDENTIFICATION; BUILDINGS; TOWER AB The paper discusses the monitoring-based approach unfolded to evaluate the health condition of a heritage structure in Portugal. An extensive experimental campaign, including geometric survey, visual inspections, damage diagnosis, monitoring and control, is carried out to support and evaluate the actions undertaken to re-establish the structural strength. The paper focuses on the analysis of case-specific static and dynamic parameters deemed representative of the structural behaviour and highlights the benefits associated with the implementation of a monitoring-weighed methodology in terms of diagnostics of the system's vulnerabilities as well as control of the effectiveness of the adopted consolidation measures. The results demonstrate the feasibility and suitability of this systematic experimental approach for the non-invasive assessment of the structural fitness of built cultural heritage. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Masciotta, Maria-Giovanna; Ramos, Luis F.; Lourenco, Paulo B.] Univ Minho, ISISE, Dept Civil Engn, Campus Azurem, P-4800058 Guimaraes, Portugal. RP Masciotta, MG (reprint author), Univ Minho, ISISE, Dept Civil Engn, Campus Azurem, P-4800058 Guimaraes, Portugal. 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Cult. Herit. PD OCT PY 2017 VL 27 BP 36 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.04.003 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FK9PX UT WOS:000413844400004 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Iribarren, JI Liesa, F Aleman, C Armelin, E AF Iribarren, Jose I. Liesa, Francisco Aleman, Carlos Armelin, Elaine TI Corrosion rate evaluation by gravimetric and electrochemical techniques applied to the metallic reinforcing structures of a historic building SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Carbon steel; Corrosion; Polarization; X-ray diffraction; Microscopy ID PORTLAND-CEMENT; CONCRETE; STEEL; CHLORIDE; QUESTIONS; POWDER AB This work presents the diagnosis procedure followed to determine the degree of damage of a 100-year-old reinforced concrete building located in Barcelona city, the Sant-Manuel pavilion at Hopital de la Santa Creu i Sant-Pau. Some structural components of this building were affected by severe corrosion problems in the reinforcing steel UPN profiles. In order to obtain a representative sample set, a preliminary inspection of the macroscopic architectonic structure was applied at selected zones that exhibited the metallic backbone. Gravimetric and electrochemical techniques have demonstrated that some UPN profiles presented high corrosion rate. This was mainly due to the presence of water pipes installed beside the metallic structure, which was a source of humidity, and also to the presence of calcium carbonate, calcium silicate hydrate, and calcium chloride substances inside the cement in direct contact with the metallic structures, which were responsible for the steel depassivation. The work shows a practical example of how a suitable combination of chemical, physical and electrochemical techniques can be applied together to characterize a corrosion process, the obtained results validating and corroborating the prediction of the corrosion rate in metallic structures. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Iribarren, Jose I.; Aleman, Carlos; Armelin, Elaine] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Dept Engn Quim, Campus Diagonal Besos EEBE, Barcelona 08019, Spain. [Liesa, Francisco] Univ Politecn Cataluna, ETSEIB, Dept Engn Mecan, Av Diagonal 647, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Aleman, Carlos; Armelin, Elaine] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona Res Ctr Multiscale Sci & Engn, Campus Diagonal Besos EEBE, Barcelona 08019, Spain. RP Iribarren, JI; Armelin, E (reprint author), Univ Politecn Cataluna, Dept Engn Quim, Campus Diagonal Besos EEBE, Barcelona 08019, Spain.; Armelin, E (reprint author), Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona Res Ctr Multiscale Sci & Engn, Campus Diagonal Besos EEBE, Barcelona 08019, Spain. EM jose.iribarren@upc.edu; elaine.armelin@upc.edu RI Armelin, Elaine/M-9375-2015; Aleman, Carlos/AAA-9954-2020 OI Armelin, Elaine/0000-0002-0658-7696; Aleman, Carlos/0000-0003-4462-6075 FU MICINN fund [MAT2015-69367-R]; FEDER fund [MAT2015-69367-R]; Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalonia-Spain)Generalitat de Catalunya FX This work has been supported by MICINN and FEDER funds (MAT2015-69367-R). C. 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E., 2000, FUNDAMENTALS ELECTRO Stutzman PE, 2016, J RES NATL INST STAN, V121, DOI 10.6028/jres.121.004 The Electrochemical Society, 2011, UHLIGS CORROSION HDB, P579 Wang YW, 2012, CHEM COMMUN, V48, P504, DOI 10.1039/c1cc14210k WHITING DA, 2002, [No title captured] Wu PS, 2014, J CULT HERIT, V15, P441, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.10.005 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD OCT PY 2017 VL 27 BP 153 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.04.009 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FK9PX UT WOS:000413844400016 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Prieto, AJ Silva, A de Brito, J Macias-Bernal, JM Alejandre, FJ AF Jose Prieto, Andres Silva, Ana de Brito, Jorge Manuel Macias-Bernal, Juan Javier Alejandre, Francisco TI Multiple linear regression and fuzzy logic models applied to the functional service life prediction of cultural heritage SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Service life prediction; Fuzzy inference system; Multiple linear regression analysis; Built heritage; Preventive maintenance ID HISTORIC BUILDINGS; VULNERABILITY; PRESERVATION; CONSERVATION AB In this research, a proposal for the assessment of the functional service life of built heritage applying statistical tools is described. A fuzzy inference system is applied in order to establish a ranking in terms of functional service life for the built heritage, thus allowing prioritizing the maintenance and preventive conservation actions in homogeneous groups of buildings, and optimizing the costs involved in maintenance operations. The functionality of a sample of 100 parish churches was evaluated. However, the selection of maintenance strategies for buildings is usually a multiple criteria decision-making problem, encompassing various variables and constraints. Therefore, a multiple linear regression analysis is applied in order to rank the variables in terms of influence in the serviceability estimation of heritage buildings. Currently, social, environmental and economic reasons are raising concern about the durability and functional service life of heritage sites. The results obtained in this study are useful to researchers and stakeholders responsible for the maintenance of historical buildings, since they allow reducing their probability of failure. The preventive maintenance programs can be considered as a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable option to extend the serviceability of heritage buildings. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Jose Prieto, Andres] Univ Seville, ETSIE, Ave Reina Mercedes 4A, Seville, Spain. [Silva, Ana] Univ Lisbon, IST, CERIS ICIST, Ave Rovisco Pais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. [de Brito, Jorge] Univ Lisbon, IST, Dept Civil Engn Architecture & Georresources, CERIS ICIST, Ave Rovisco Pais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. [Manuel Macias-Bernal, Juan; Javier Alejandre, Francisco] Univ Seville, ETSIE, Dept Architectural Construct 2, Ave Reina Mercedes 4A, Seville, Spain. RP Silva, A (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, IST, CERIS ICIST, Ave Rovisco Pais, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. EM andpriiba@alum.us.es; anasilva931@msn.com; jb@civil.ist.utl.pt; jmmacias@us.es; falejan@us.es RI de Brito, Jorge/A-4299-2008; Alejandre, F.J./R-4249-2018; Silva, Ana/G-3199-2013 OI de Brito, Jorge/0000-0001-6766-2736; Alejandre, F.J./0000-0003-0942-8313; Silva, Ana/0000-0001-6715-474X FU CERIS-ICIST from IST, University of Lisbon; FCT, Foundation for Science and TechnologyPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; RIVUPH, an Excellence Project of Junta de AndaluciaJunta de Andalucia [HUM-6775]; Art-Risk, a RETOS project of Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) [BIA2015-64878-R]; [CEI-PatrimoniUN-10] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of CERIS-ICIST from IST, University of Lisbon, and FCT, Foundation for Science and Technology. This paper has been supported and based on the Methodology developed by two Projects: RIVUPH, an Excellence Project of Junta de Andalucia (code HUM-6775), and Art-Risk, a RETOS project of Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), (code: BIA2015-64878-R (MINECO/FEDER,UE)). Part of the research has been carried out thanks to the grant of Andres J. Prieto from CEI-PatrimoniUN-10. 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PD OCT PY 2017 VL 27 BP 20 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.03.004 PG 16 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FK9PX UT WOS:000413844400003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Fortunato, G Funari, MF Lonetti, P AF Fortunato, Giuseppe Funari, Marco Francesco Lonetti, Paolo TI Survey and seismic vulnerability assessment of the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Tumba (Italy) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historical masonry structure; Laser scanning; 3D FE model; Pushover analysis; Response history analysis ID HISTORICAL MASONRY TOWERS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY AB For the assessment of the seismic vulnerability of a historical building, knowledge is a fundamental prerequisite for a reliable assessment of the current seismic safety and for the choice of an effective action of improvement. Nowadays, thanks to the available technology used in the field of architectural surveying, laser scanning and digital photogrammetry, it is possible to define the exact geometry of any case study. The main aim of the research is to highlight the relationship between the architectural survey, performed using 3D laser scanner methodology, and the structural analysis based on the finite element method (FEM). The case of study consists of an important and unique construction, which is the baptistery of San Giovanni in Tumba (Italy). After data acquisition, developed by using optical 3D measurement techniques, the proposed procedure sought to generate a NURBS model starting from very dense outlines obtained by point cloud slices. Subsequently, the analysis was developed in a nonlinear framework, in which the behavior of the structure under seismic loads is investigated. In particular, the modal characteristics of the structure allow the use of a nonlinear analysis based on the pushover methodology. In addition, structural behavior has been analyzed by means of a nonlinear response history analysis, in which consistent ground motions were adopted to reproduce seismic loads. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Fortunato, Giuseppe; Funari, Marco Francesco; Lonetti, Paolo] Univ Calabria, Dept Civil Engn, Via P Bucci,Cubo39B, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. RP Lonetti, P (reprint author), Univ Calabria, Dept Civil Engn, Via P Bucci,Cubo39B, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. 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Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2017 VL 26 BP 64 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.01.010 PG 15 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA FD8NC UT WOS:000407780400008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Basto, C Pela, L Chacon, R AF Basto, Camilo Pela, Luca Chacon, Rolando TI Open-source digital technologies for low-cost monitoring of historical constructions SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Structural health monitoring; Continuous monitoring; Digital fabrication; Digital society; Do-it-yourself; Low-cost ID OPEN SOURCE HARDWARE; ARDUINO; SOFTWARE; DESIGN; SYSTEM AB This paper shows new possibilities of using novel, open-source, low-cost platforms for the structural health monitoring of heritage structures. The objective of the study is to present an assessment of increasingly available open-source digital modeling and fabrication technologies in order to identify the suitable counterparts of the typical components of a continuous static monitoring system for a historical construction. The results of the research include a simple case study, which is presented with low-cost, open-source, calibrated components, as well as an assessment of different alternatives for deploying basic structural health monitoring arrangements. The results of the research show the great potential of these existing technologies that may help to promote a widespread and cost-efficient monitoring of the built cultural heritage. Such scenario may contribute to the onset of commonplace digital records of historical constructions in an open-source, versatile and reliable fashion. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Basto, Camilo; Pela, Luca; Chacon, Rolando] Univ Politecn Catalunya UPC BarcelonaTech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Barcelona 08034, Spain. RP Pela, L (reprint author), Univ Politecn Catalunya UPC BarcelonaTech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Barcelona 08034, Spain. EM camilobasto@gmail.com; luca.pela@upc.edu; rolando.chacon@upc.edu RI Chacon, Rolando/O-9530-2019; Chacon, Rolando/K-4755-2015; Pela, Luca/H-9938-2012 OI Chacon, Rolando/0000-0002-7259-5635; Chacon, Rolando/0000-0002-7259-5635; FU MINECO (Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of the Spanish Government); European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the MULTIMAS project (Multiscale techniques for the experimental and numerical analysis of the reliability of masonry structures)European Union (EU) [BIA2015-63882-P] FX This research has received the financial support from the MINECO (Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of the Spanish Government) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the MULTIMAS project (Multiscale techniques for the experimental and numerical analysis of the reliability of masonry structures, ref. num. BIA2015-63882-P). 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Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2017 VL 25 BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.12.003 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA ET6ZF UT WOS:000400442000004 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Garilli, E Autelitano, F Giuliani, F AF Garilli, Erika Autelitano, Federico Giuliani, Felice TI A study for the understanding of the Roman pavement design criteria SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Roman roads; Pavement; Material characterization AB The authors present the suggestive hypothesis that Romans possessed specific and specialized pavement design criteria, from which the most appropriate construction techniques and the majestic road infrastructures descend. From a back-analysis of some road pavements, it emerged that there is a good correspondence between thicknesses and materials selection used by Romans and those arising from the calculation by analytic methods introduced only in the modern age. In this paper, some considerations, from the point of view of road engineer, were presented; these could be usefully shared with the researchers in the fields of cultural heritage and archeology in order to identify both soils and road pavement materials sampling and classification systems for a new perspective of scientific speculation. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Garilli, Erika; Autelitano, Federico; Giuliani, Felice] Univ Parma, Dipartimento Ingn & Architettura, Parco Area Sci 181-A, I-43124 Parma, Italy. RP Giuliani, F (reprint author), Univ Parma, Dipartimento Ingn & Architettura, Parco Area Sci 181-A, I-43124 Parma, Italy. 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S., 1988, P INT S ENG GEOL ANC, P1705 NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2017 VL 25 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.01.002 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA ET6ZF UT WOS:000400442000009 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Unsalan, O Kuzucuoglu, AH Cakir, C Kaygisiz, E AF Unsalan, Ozan Kuzucuoglu, Alpaslan H. Cakir, Caglar Kaygisiz, Ersin TI One pilot application of mobile Raman spectroscopy and information technologies for cultural heritage inventory studies SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Non-destructive analysis; Cultural heritage; Mobile Raman spectroscopy; Binders; Restoration ID IDENTIFICATION; MICROSCOPY; ARTIFACTS; PIGMENTS; TOOL AB With the improvement of the technology, new methods are being produced for documentation of library materials. By using written, visual and auditory methods for documentation of library materials, all of the stages regarding the material are recorded. By this way, transferring information and data to next generations that is the basic aim of the documentation is targeted. Besides, documentation of the works within the library building before/after the restoration is also crucial. Documentation without giving harm to primary materials like paper or leather (without an intervention), taking the decision of intervention by damage assessment, protection of the works by digitalization and sharing with the concerned parties are provided. Many alternative softwares are used in accordance with the implementations and documentations that are desired to be performed. Digitalization stage covering all of the details of a book from the binder of the book to inner pages provides conveying of the work to many users without giving harm. Additionally, these studies help restorators on the restoration of the books. On the other hand, Raman spectroscopy is extensively used in analysis of the cultural heritage artefacts. In order to protect heritage materials by "spectroscopic cryptology techniques" (Infrared and Raman spectroscopy) play a crucial role in understanding and differentiating the fake/artificial materials from each other. The aim of this study is to bring spectroscopic methods and other visual documentation methods together and produce a cultural heritage inventory. In this study, by formation of a written, visual and spectroscopic database for rare books at Recai Mehmet Efendi Library, documentation study regarding dye pigments of leather binder of the book, paper quality, definition of both paper and leather original materials, definition of deterioration level and restoration proposal of the books were studied. (C) 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Unsalan, Ozan] Ege Univ, Sci Fac, Phys Dept, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. [Kuzucuoglu, Alpaslan H.] Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil Univ, Occupat Hlth & Safety Dept, TR-34010 Istanbul, Turkey. [Cakir, Caglar] Antalya Museum, TR-07050 Antalya, Turkey. [Kaygisiz, Ersin] Istanbul Univ, Fac Sci, Phys Dept, TR-34134 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Unsalan, O (reprint author), Ege Univ, Sci Fac, Phys Dept, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. 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D., 2001, IEEE XPLORE DIGITAL, V1 Proniewicz LM, 2001, J MOL STRUCT, V596, P163, DOI 10.1016/S0022-2860(01)00706-2 Rakotonirainy MS, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.01.003 Stanzani E, 2016, VIB SPECTROSC, V85, P62, DOI 10.1016/j.vibspec.2016.03.027 Strlic M., 2002, P 5 EC C CULT HER RE, P79 Ugus M., 2013, RECAI MEHMED EFENDI Vandenabeele P, 2000, ANAL CHIM ACTA, V407, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00827-2 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2017 VL 25 BP 94 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2017.01.004 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA ET6ZF UT WOS:000400442000010 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Menendez, B AF Menendez, Beatriz TI Estimation of salt mixture damage on built cultural heritage from environmental conditions using ECOS-RUNSALT model SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Salt damage; Stone; Mortar; Temperature; Relative humidity ID SULFATE; CRYSTALLIZATION; LIMESTONE; ORIGIN; DECAY AB Salts are among the most active weathering agents acting in the degradation of cultural heritage, especially on stone and brick buildings. Most of the previous works on salt weathering studied only single salt composition despite the fact that in buildings a mixture of different salts is always present. This paper presents a methodology to estimate salt weathering from complex solution composition and meteorological data, temperature and relative humidity. The proposed method uses a thermodynamic model (ECOS-RUNSALT) to predict the variation of salt volume with changing environmental conditions. To illustrate how the developed method can be applied, two examples are presented. Firstly, the model has been applied to real measurements on a repairing mortar sample sampled from a building in the center of Paris. Secondly, the model has been applied to estimate salt damage produced by a theoretical salt composition in different locations of France. Possible applications in cultural heritage conservation are (i) the prediction of future behavior of cultural heritage building materials taking advantage of climatic models and (ii) a help to determine the optimal conditions to avoid, as much as possible, salt damage. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Menendez, Beatriz] Univ Cergy Pontoise, Geosci & Environm Cergy, 5 Mail Gay Lussac, F-95031 Cergy Pontoise, France. RP Menendez, B (reprint author), Univ Cergy Pontoise, Geosci & Environm Cergy, 5 Mail Gay Lussac, F-95031 Cergy Pontoise, France. EM Beatriz.menendez@u-cergy.fr RI Menendez, Beatriz/AAG-5165-2020 OI Menendez, Beatriz/0000-0001-6379-2891 CR ARNOLD A, 1984, [No title captured], V29, P129 Benavente D, 2015, ENVIRON EARTH SCI, V74, P2297, DOI 10.1007/s12665-015-4221-1 Benavente D, 2008, NEW TRENDS ANAL ENV, P277 Bionda D., 2002, RUNSALT COMPUTER PRO Cardell C, 2008, MATER CHARACT, V59, P1371, DOI 10.1016/j.matchar.2007.12.003 Eric S, 2015, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V98, P25, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.101 Goudi A. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2017 VL 24 BP 22 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.11.006 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EQ3CJ UT WOS:000397948300004 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Barat, BR Crespo, A Garcia, E Diaz, S Cano, E AF Ramirez Barat, Blanca Crespo, Ana Garcia, Emma Diaz, Soledad Cano, Emilio TI An EIS study of the conservation treatment of the bronze sphinxes at the Museo Arqueologico Nacional (Madrid) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Outdoor sculpture; Bronze; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Protective coatings; Diagnostic tools ID ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ORGANIC COATINGS; PROTECTIVE-COATINGS; OUTDOOR BRONZE; CORROSION; METALS; ELECTROLYTE AB In any conservation project, conservators have to address several questions to design the appropriate intervention strategy. Among them, the effectiveness and duration of protective treatments is an important issue, not easy to evaluate. In the field of metallic cultural heritage, electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can be used to evaluate patinas and protective coatings performance. Widely used in industrial applications, the use of these techniques in conservation science is much more recent and limited. During the restauration process of the bronze sphinxes at the main facade of the National Archaeological Museum in Madrid, collaboration with conservators has been established to test the performance of a recently developed gel-electrolyte cell for the electrochemical evaluation of metal cultural heritage. Electrochemical measurements (EIS and Rp) of the patinas have been carried out before, during and after the conservation treatments, on two different areas of the sculpture. This has provided information on how the protective coatings have improved corrosion resistance by 3 orders of magnitude, and how this protection is starting to decrease with time; periodic measurements will allow verifying the performance of the treatment over time and detecting the failure of the protection treatment before its effects are visible on the surface. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ramirez Barat, Blanca; Crespo, Ana; Cano, Emilio] CSIC, Ctr Nacl Invest Met CENIM, Ave Gregorio del Amo 8, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Garcia, Emma; Diaz, Soledad] MECD, IPCE, Pintor el Greco 4,Ciudad Univ, Madrid 28040, Spain. RP Barat, BR (reprint author), CSIC, Ctr Nacl Invest Met CENIM, Ave Gregorio del Amo 8, Madrid 28040, Spain. EM blanca.ramirez@csic.es RI Barat, Blanca Ramirez/M-1727-2014; Diaz, Emilio Cano/S-8725-2019; Crespo, Ana/AAB-7209-2020; Cano, Emilio/A-4475-2008 OI Barat, Blanca Ramirez/0000-0001-5306-4057; Diaz, Emilio Cano/0000-0002-8716-3931; Cano, Emilio/0000-0002-8716-3931; Crespo, Ana/0000-0002-7423-2256 FU Spanish Ministry of Economy (MINECO) [HAR2011-22402, HAR2014-54893-R]; FPI Grants [BES-2012-052716, BES-2015-071472]; Comunidad de MadridComunidad de MadridInstituto de Salud Carlos III; European Social FundEuropean Social Fund (ESF) [S2013/MIT_2914] FX This research has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy (MINECO) with the research projects HAR2011-22402 and HAR2014-54893-R and FPI Grants BES-2012-052716 and BES-2015-071472; and by Comunidad de Madrid and European Social Fund under Geomateriales 2 Programme (S2013/MIT_2914). CR Angelini E, 2006, APPL PHYS A-MATER, V83, P643, DOI 10.1007/s00339-006-3546-8 Angelini E, 2006, IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS, V55, P436, DOI 10.1109/TIM.2006.870103 Angelini E, 2012, SURF INTERFACE ANAL, V44, P942, DOI 10.1002/sia.3842 Barat B. Ramirez, 2015, GE CONSERVACIIN, V8, P6 Bastidas DM, 2007, CORROSION, V63, P515, DOI 10.5006/1.3278402 Beaunier L., 1976, SURF TECHNOL, V4, P237, DOI DOI 10.1016/0376-4583(76)90036-4 Bernardi E, 2009, CORROS SCI, V51, P159, DOI 10.1016/j.corsci.2008.10.008 Bierwagen G, 2003, PROG ORG COAT, V48, P289, DOI 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2003.07.004 Bierwagen G., 2001, SERVICE LIFE PREDICT, P316 Bierwagen G., 2001, METAL 01, P291 Brostoff LB, 2003, COATING STRATEGIES P Cano E, 2014, ELECTROCHEM COMMUN, V41, P16, DOI 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.01.016 Cano E, 2010, J SOLID STATE ELECTR, V14, P453, DOI 10.1007/s10008-009-0907-1 Cano E, 2010, J SOLID STATE ELECTR, V14, P381, DOI 10.1007/s10008-009-0902-6 Clare T. 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Diaz, 2015, B MUSEO ARQUEOL NAC, V33, P267 McNamara CJ, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P361, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2004.06.002 Murray JN, 1997, PROG ORG COAT, V31, P375, DOI 10.1016/S0300-9440(97)00099-4 Otieno-Alego V., 1998, METAL 98, P315 Price C., 1995, METAL 95, P233 Barat BR, 2015, ELECTROCHIM ACTA, V182, P751, DOI 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.116 RAMMELT U, 1992, PROG ORG COAT, V21, P205, DOI 10.1016/0033-0655(92)87005-U Swartz N, 2015, J AM INST CONSERV, V54, P181, DOI 10.1179/1945233015Y.0000000012 NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2017 VL 24 BP 93 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.10.010 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EQ3CJ UT WOS:000397948300012 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Wilson, H VanSnick, S AF Wilson, Helen VanSnick, Sarah TI The effectiveness of dust mitigation and cleaning strategies at The National Archives, UK SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Preventive conservation; Archive storage; Vacuuming; Microfiber cloths; UV-fluorescent AB Cultural heritage institutions allocate considerable resource to mitigating the risks of dust in their collections. In archives and libraries boxing collections and cleaning regimes go some way to address the problem. However, evidence of the efficacy of these methods is difficult to validate experimentally as dust is very difficult to see. To evaluate the efficacy of our boxing and cleaning programmes, The National Archives' Collection Care Department developed a method that used UV-fluorescing powder to mimic the movement and dispersal of dust during experimental cleaning and handling scenarios. Visual evaluation of dust dispersal enabled a qualitative assessment of the efficacy of existing collection cleaning techniques. Photographs and videos confirmed the value of vacuuming as the most efficient method of removing dust in comparison to other methods, and validated the usefulness of folders and boxes in limiting dust deposition and transfer onto archival documents. C1 [Wilson, Helen; VanSnick, Sarah] Natl Archives, Ruskin Ave, Richmond TW9 4DU, Surrey, England. RP VanSnick, S (reprint author), Natl Archives, Ruskin Ave, Richmond TW9 4DU, Surrey, England. EM helen.wilson@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk; sarah.vansnick@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk FU National Heritage Science Forum FX The Gold Open Access publication of this article has been funded by the National Heritage Science Forum. CR Beaumont E, 1997, AM J NURS, V97, P51, DOI 10.2307/3465537 Lloyd H., 2011, J I CONSERV, P106 Lloyd H., 2002, CONSERVATOR, P72 Lloyd H, 2007, MUSEUM MICROCLIMATES, P135 Shah B., 2011, INT PRESERV NEWS MAY, P24 Smith A., 2011, INT PRESERV NEWS, P19 Yoon YH, 2000, STUD CONSERV, V45, P127, DOI 10.2307/1506670 Yoon YH, 2000, J CULT HERIT, V1, P445, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(00)01099-2 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2017 VL 24 BP 100 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.09.004 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EQ3CJ UT WOS:000397948300013 OA Bronze DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Acierno, M Cursi, S Simeone, D Fiorani, D AF Acierno, Marta Cursi, Stefano Simeone, Davide Fiorani, Donatella TI Architectural heritage knowledge modelling: An ontology- based framework for conservation process SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Architectural heritage; Ontologies; Knowledge modelling; Investigation and conservation process; Building information modelling AB This paper presents an ontology-based model to support the representation and management of information and knowledge during investigation activities for the conservation of architectural heritage. Despite the significant impact of information and communications technology (ICT) on architectural heritage, current approaches to its use in this context are often conceived only to provide flexible and reusable tools and methodologies, thus proposing oversimplified procedures that are ultimately insufficient for a truly accurate conservation project. A few experiences recently have focused much attention on the specifics of conservation. Although they have generally been concerned with the specific activities and knowledge domains related to conservation processes (such as cataloguing or monument damage), the importance of dealing with them in an integrated way is often neglected. Hence, each step of the process - such as the preliminary phase of knowledge acquisition, the summaries, which facilitate the assessment of value, diagnostics, design, the construction phase, and maintenance- is treated in isolation from all the other activities. This lack of synergy often compromises the final result. In order to deal with the complexity of representing historical architecture, and its conservation process, this proposed model defines four main knowledge domains (artefact- lifecycle- architectural heritage investigation process- actors), in which all the knowledge related to each artefact is formalized through semantic networks, in terms of entities, properties and relationships. Specific reasoning and inference rules allow checking of the model for coherence, in order to reduce information discrepancies, inconsistencies and errors. The proposed model offers a high level of accuracy in its capacity for description and, at the same time, a broad versatility within representation modelling, allowing such a reliable representation of multiple issues that eventually it may be required for every historical building, depending on its features and state of conservation. Moreover, the versatility of the model provides a suitable representation even for the different nature of the investigation activities results- whether analytical or hermeneutical. Finally, the knowledgebase has been connected with a building information modelling environment, providing an effective integration between geometrical and non-geometrical information. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Acierno, Marta; Fiorani, Donatella] Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Hist Representat & Restorat Architecture, Piazza Borghese 9, I-00186 Rome, Italy. [Cursi, Stefano; Simeone, Davide] Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Via Eudossiana 18, I-00184 Rome, Italy. RP Acierno, M (reprint author), Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Hist Representat & Restorat Architecture, Piazza Borghese 9, I-00186 Rome, Italy. EM acierno.marta@gmail.com; stefano.cursi@uniroma1.it; davide.simeone@uniroma1.it; donatella.fiorani@uniroma1.it RI Cursi, Stefano/AAL-3154-2020 OI Cursi, Stefano/0000-0002-8499-1459 CR Agathos M, 2013, COMM COM INF SC, V390, P384 Cacciotti R, 2015, J CULT HERIT, V16, P40, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.02.002 Calvanese D., 1998, INT C KNOWL REPR REA, P2 Cantone F, 2005, ARCHEOL CALC, V16, P271 Costamagna E., 2012, LECT NOTES COMPUTER, P241 Crofts N., 2010, DEFINITION CIDOC CON Doerr Martin, 2009, HDB ONTOLOGIES, P463, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-92673-321 Dore C., 2012, P 18 INT C VIRT SYST, P369, DOI DOI 10.1109/VSMM.2012.6365947 Fai S., 2011, 23 CIPA S PRAG CZECH, P8 Fiorani D., 2014, MAT STRUCT PROB CONS, V5-6 (, P9 Fonseca FT, 2005, J AM SOC INF SCI TEC, V56, P46, DOI 10.1002/asi.20099 Garagnani S, 2013, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM, V40-5-W1, P87 GRUBER TR, 1993, KNOWL ACQUIS, V5, P199, DOI 10.1006/knac.1993.1008 GUARINO N, 1995, TOWARDS VERY LARGE KNOWLEDGE BASES, P25 May K., 2008, ROAD RECONSTRUCTING, P111 Mecca S., 2006, C P JOINT CIB W65 W5 Pauwels P., 2013, 4 INT C DIG HER MARS Settis S., 2002, B ICR, V5, P18 Simeone D, 2014, FUSION: DATA INTEGRATION AT ITS BEST, VOL 1, P613 NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2017 VL 24 BP 124 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.09.010 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EQ3CJ UT WOS:000397948300016 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Quagliarini, E Clini, P Ripanti, M AF Quagliarini, Enrico Clini, Paolo Ripanti, Mirko TI Fast, low cost and safe methodology for the assessment of the state of conservation of historical buildings from 3D laser scanning: The case study of Santa Maria in Portonovo (Italy) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE 3D Laser scanning; State of conservation; Displacements map; Architectural heritage; Survey of historical buildings ID ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE; THIN VAULTS; S. MARIA; UAV; PLASTERS AB The assessment of the state of conservation and risk of historical buildings represents a current and more and more important challenge. It usually requires different steps and is traditionally a cost, time demanding and often unsafe process. This way, in this paper, a fast, low cost and safe methodology from 3D-laser scanner is provided for this issue. Following it, it is possible to easily assess if some activated mechanisms can be found in some macro-elements of the historical building. Furthermore, from the superposition of photographic data previous interventions can be recognized, as well as, degraded areas. This method was applied to the case study of Santa Maria in Portonovo church, a little jewel of the Italian Marche Romanesque architecture, where quite evident mechanisms were found in the face of the vestibule, in the north side wall, in the main facade and in the original apse. It was also possible to assess the typical physiologic deformation of the inner vaults subject to their own weight. A high number of areas largely restored by previous works were then found, probably due to a diffused and continuous degradation of the materials caused by the sea exposure. This method works well especially after, i.e. an earthquake, whereas it is possible to accurately evaluate the building safety far from it. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Quagliarini, Enrico; Clini, Paolo; Ripanti, Mirko] Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Civil & Bldg Engn & Architecture DICEA, Via Brecce Blanche, Ancona, Italy. RP Quagliarini, E (reprint author), Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Civil & Bldg Engn & Architecture DICEA, Via Brecce Blanche, Ancona, Italy. EM e.quagliarini@univpm.it RI Quagliarini, Enrico/M-5281-2019 OI clini, paolo/0000-0002-3253-0634; quagliarini, enrico/0000-0002-1091-8929 FU FAI FX We thank the survey players Luigi Sagone and Floriano Capponi of DICEA which have done the 3D laser scanner measurement campaign of Santa Maria church. We are also most grateful to FAI, in particular Manuela Francesca Panini for allowing this study and for the important support. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2017 VL 24 BP 175 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.10.006 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EQ3CJ UT WOS:000397948300023 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Amato, F Martellozzo, F Nole, G Murgante, B AF Amato, Federico Martellozzo, Federico Nole, Gabriele Murgante, Beniamino TI Preserving cultural heritage by supporting landscape planning with quantitative predictions of soil consumption SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Land use change models; Soil consumption; Urban sprawl; Landscape; Sustainability; Cultural heritage; Urban planning; Built-up areas ID URBAN SPRAWL; AGREEMENT; KAPPA; AREAS AB Landscape preservation in Italy is a major issue in national cultural heritage conservation policies. Urban settlements growth is among the most threatening factors for the correct landscape preservation. Such phenomenon may result in corrupting the correct landscape-system functioning, particularly when the development occurs without precise planning prescriptions. Land-use/cover evolution dynamic is a subject widely and thoroughly investigated, especially concerning consumption of natural and other lands due to anthropogenic activities. This paper focuses on a region in southern Italy, where soil consumption is known to represent a urging matter of concern. However, although the negative impacts of soil consumption are well known, to our knowledge there are no case studies presenting a precise quantitative assessment of the intensity of such phenomenon for the region of interest. Furthermore, this study aims at forecasting the development of urban settlements through the application of the cellular automata model SLEUTH; the case study concerns the Municipality of Altamura (Apulia region, Italy). Results highlight how current landscape preservation instruments alone cannot ensure a reduction in soil consumption phenomenon and how urban areas expansion is incompatible with a correct landscape conservation in the study area. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Amato, Federico; Murgante, Beniamino] Univ Basilicata, Sch Engn, 10 Viale Ateneo Lucano, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Martellozzo, Federico] Univ Roma La Sapienza, 9 Via Castro Laurenziano, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Nole, Gabriele] Italian Natl Res Council, IMAA C Santa Loja, Tito Scalo, I-85050 Potenza, Italy. RP Murgante, B (reprint author), Univ Basilicata, Sch Engn, 10 Viale Ateneo Lucano, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR PY 2017 VL 23 SU S BP 44 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.12.009 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EO0OZ UT WOS:000396399000007 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Agapiou, A Lysandrou, V Hadjimitsis, DG AF Agapiou, Athos Lysandrou, Vasiliki Hadjimitsis, Diofantos G. TI The Cyprus coastal heritage landscapes within Marine Spatial Planning process SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Marine spatial planning; Cultural heritage protection; Geographical Information Systems; Conflicts; Cyprus ID FRAMEWORK; POLICY AB In many cases, antiquities are threatened due to the lack of a spatial planning that takes into consideration the sensitivity of these sites. As with in land sites, spatial planning is needed for coastal and sea sites too, in order to design current and future activities. The recently (2014) adopted Marine Spatial Planning directive (Directive 2014/89/EU) will be implemented-for the first time-by all EU member states by 2020. The specific goal of this directive is to establish a framework for maritime spatial planning (MSP) aiming to foster coordinated and coherent decision-making, to maximize the sustainable development, economic growth and social cohesion. For these tasks, MSP should take into consideration the protection of cultural heritage (both underwater and coastal) as well to intensify integrated planning for coastal areas. In addition, the European marine region of Mediterranean Sea adheres the Barcelona Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean adopted in 1995, with Cyprus being one of the 22 Contracting Parties. MSP can be extremely complicated since a variety of activities need to be planned keeping at the same time a balance from one hand between the ecosystem, cultural and natural Heritage and on the other economic growth. Within this framework, the present paper discusses the assessment and evaluation of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) related to the pressures to historical and archaeological coastal sites in Cyprus, using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). As evidenced from the present study, MSP is an efficient strategic way for protecting known CH sites, as well as for future prevention and safeguarding of either known or unknown (i.e. unexcavated) sites, by reallocating various activities potentially threatening CH monuments and landscapes, both marine and littoral. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Agapiou, Athos; Lysandrou, Vasiliki; Hadjimitsis, Diofantos G.] Cyprus Univ Technol, Dept Civil Engn & Geomat, Remote Sensing & Geo Environm Res Lab, 2-6,Saripolou St, CY-3603 Limassol, Cyprus. RP Agapiou, A (reprint author), Cyprus Univ Technol, Dept Civil Engn & Geomat, Remote Sensing & Geo Environm Res Lab, 2-6,Saripolou St, CY-3603 Limassol, Cyprus. EM athos.agapiou@cut.ac.cy; vasiliki.lysandrou@cut.ac.cy; d.hadjimitsis@cut.ac.cy RI Agapiou, Athos/J-3960-2015; HADJIMITSIS, DIOFANTOS/H-8813-2013 OI Agapiou, Athos/0000-0001-9106-6766; HADJIMITSIS, DIOFANTOS/0000-0002-2684-547X; Lysandrou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1448-7599 FU European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)European Union (EU); national funds of Greece and Cyprus under the Cross-Border Cooperation Programme "Greece-Cyprus" FX The Action entitled: "Cross-Border Cooperation for the development of Marine Spatial Planning" referred as THAL-CHOR (in Greek Theta AA-X Omega P) is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) by 80% and by national funds of Greece and Cyprus by 20%, under the Cross-Border Cooperation Programme "Greece-Cyprus 2007-2013". CR Agapiou A, 2015, J CULT HERIT, V16, P671, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.12.006 Alexakis D. 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PD MAR PY 2017 VL 23 SU S BP 28 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.02.016 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EO0OZ UT WOS:000396399000005 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Andretta, M Coppola, F Modelli, A Santopuoli, N Seccia, L AF Andretta, Massimo Coppola, Floriana Modelli, Alberto Santopuoli, Nicola Seccia, Leonardo TI Proposal for a new environmental risk assessment methodology in cultural heritage protection SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Environmental risk assessment; Preservation management; Hazard ranking indexes; Preventive conservation of the cultural heritage; Analysis of the environment/artefact system; Cultural heritage protection ID AIR-POLLUTION; OZONE AB In this paper, it is proposed a new methodology for the environmental risk assessment in cultural heritage, developed in close collaboration with conservation scientists and library collection managers. This New rIsk assessment methodology for Cultural HEritage protection (NICHE) is specifically addressed to the protection of cultural heritage housed in museums, galleries and archives. At the present stage of development, our proposal can be considered as a "relative risk assessment methodology" for the environmental risks to cultural heritage, as are many other methodologies for the risk assessment of works of art. However, NICHE is grounded in a new general definition of risk; it is inserted in a more general and wider conceptual framework, as far as the definition of risk is concerned. In addition, although it is a relative risk assessment methodology, NICHE takes explicitly into account the effects of microclimatic conditions on the works of art, based on the current scientific knowledge and requirements reported in international norms. Here the NICHE approach is applied to the results of two measurement campaigns carried out in 2014 over two different periods, considered "extreme" from the climatic point of view, in the Classense Library of Ravenna (Italy), a famous historical library which houses many books of great value. In these measurement campaigns, various indoor environments were characterized. Even though we focus our attention mainly on the risks related to effects of the microclimatic environment on the works of art, future extensions to other classes of risks, such as structural, related to usage, arising from natural phenomena (earthquakes, floods, storms...), infesting agents (pests, insects, moulds...), technical malfunctions, etc., can be easily performed. In fact, all situations where the effects of the sources of risk on the targets of interest can be described with an S shaped function (for example, a Dose-Response Curve, a Probit or a Logit models) can be treated with the NICHE approach, grounded in the comparison with threshold reference values reported in the technical/scientific literature and norms. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Andretta, Massimo] Univ Bologna, Sch Sci, Ravenna Campus,Via Agr 5, I-48123 Ravenna, RA, Italy. [Andretta, Massimo] Univ Bologna, Sch Engn & Architecture, Ravenna Campus,Via Agricoltura 5, I-48123 Ravenna, RA, Italy. [Coppola, Floriana; Modelli, Alberto] Univ Bologna, Dept Chem Giacomo Ciamician, Via Selmi 2, I-40100 Bologna, BO, Italy. [Modelli, Alberto] Univ Bologna, Inter Dept Res Ctr Environm Sci, Via S Alberto 163, I-48123 Ravenna, RA, Italy. [Santopuoli, Nicola] Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Hist Representat & Restorat Architecture Ita, Piazza Borghese 9, I-00186 Rome, Italy. [Seccia, Leonardo] Univ Bologna, Sch Engn & Architecture, Dept Math, Via Fontanelle 40, I-47121 Forli, FC, Italy. [Seccia, Leonardo] Univ Bologna, CAI Lab, Archoengn Lab, Via Fontanelle 40, I-47121 Forli, FC, Italy. RP Andretta, M (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Sch Sci, Ravenna Campus,Via Agr 5, I-48123 Ravenna, RA, Italy.; Andretta, M (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Sch Engn & Architecture, Ravenna Campus,Via Agricoltura 5, I-48123 Ravenna, RA, Italy. EM massimo.andretta@unibo.it; floriana.coppola2@unibo.it; alberto.modelli@unibo.it; nicola.santopuoli@uniroma1.it; leonardo.seccia@unibo.it OI Coppola, Floriana/0000-0002-2551-613X; Andretta, Massimo/0000-0003-0985-366X CR Andretta M., 2004, IA INGEGNERIA AMBIEN, V6, P295 Andretta M., 2000, INT C COMP SIM RISK, P445 Andretta M., 2015, ADV APPL IN IN PRESS Andretta M., 2003, RS RIFIUTI SOLIDI, V5, P316 Andretta M., 1986, INTRO PHYS COMPL SYS Andretta M, 2015, INT J QUAL RES, V9, P299 Andretta M, 2016, J CULT HERIT, V17, P75, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.07.002 Andretta M, 2014, RISK ANAL, V34, P1184, DOI 10.1111/risa.12092 [Anonymous], 1999, 10829 UNI Antomarchi C., 2014, ICOM CC 17 TRIENN C Barnes B., 2009, MATH MODELING CASE S Bernardi A, 2008, MICROCLIMATE INSIDE Bernstein S., 1999, SCHAUMS OUTLINE ELEM Bliss CI, 1934, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V79, P38 Bonanni P., 2011, 147 ISPRA CEN European Committee for Standardization, 2007, EN15251 CEN EUR COMM Corgnati S., 2006, P 3 INT C RES BUILD Corgnati SP, 2009, BUILD ENVIRON, V44, P1253, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.09.012 Costain C., 1994, CCI NEWSL, V14, P1 Cox Jr L. 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PD JAN-FEB PY 2017 VL 23 BP 22 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.08.001 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EO0PH UT WOS:000396399800003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Eftimoski, M Ross, SA Sobotkova, A AF Eftimoski, Martin Ross, Shawn A. Sobotkova, Adela TI The impact of land use and depopulation on burial mounds in the Kazanlak Valley, Bulgaria: An ordered logit predictive model SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Monitoring cultural heritage sites; Predictive modelling; Ordered logistic regression (logit); De-urbanisation; Depopulation; Land use ID ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES; HERITAGE AB This article uses an ordered logistic regression (logit) model to assess the vulnerability of ancient burial mounds to human activity in the Kazanlak Valley, Bulgaria. This model yields probabilities of damage to burial mounds subject to changing conditions, based on the present condition and situation of a large dataset of mounds (n = 773), as estimated through direct visual assessment. Results for the Kazanlak Valley indicate that changing land use (conversion of pasture to arable land) and depopulation or de-urbanisation (increased distance to the nearest city, town, or village) represent two anthropogenic factors that degrade burial mounds. These factors likely represent threats from ploughing related to annual agriculture, and looting fostered by the decreased scrutiny associated with remoteness. After an initial survey to acquire the requisite data, local cultural heritage personnel can use this approach to predict quickly and continuously how mound vulnerability will respond to changing circumstances, and then direct resources to the most vulnerable monuments. Unlike typical predictive modelling for cultural heritage management, use of a logit regression on a large dataset quantifies the probable impact of changing circumstances on monuments without relying on site location models, prior knowledge of specific hazards, or forecasts of future development. This approach can be applied widely, wherever sufficient observational data are available. Our results also provide a reminder that agriculture is not wholly benign, and that depopulation - not just urban sprawl - can threaten cultural heritage. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Eftimoski, Martin] Univ New South Wales, Sch Econ, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Ross, Shawn A.] Macquarie Univ, Big Hist Inst, Dept Modern Hist Polit & Int Relat, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Ross, Shawn A.; Sobotkova, Adela] Macquarie Univ, Dept Ancient Hist, W6A 510, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Eftimoski, Martin] Northwestern Univ, Dept Econ, Evanston, IL USA. RP Ross, SA (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Ancient Hist, W6A 510, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. EM meftimoski@u.northwestern.edu; shawn.ross@mq.edu.au; adela.sobotkova@mq.edu.au OI Ross, Shawn/0000-0002-6492-9025; Sobotkova, Adela/0000-0002-4541-3963 FU Australian Research CouncilAustralian Research Council [LP0989901]; Australian Department of Education and Training, UNSW AustraliaAustralian GovernmentDepartment of Industry, Innovation and Science; University of MichiganUniversity of Michigan System; GeoEye Foundation; Institute for the Study of Aegean Prehistory; American Research Center in Sofia FX This work was supported by the Australian Research Council (LP0989901), the Australian Department of Education and Training, UNSW Australia, the University of Michigan, the GeoEye Foundation, the Institute for the Study of Aegean Prehistory, and the American Research Center in Sofia. CR Agapiou A, 2015, J CULT HERIT, V16, P671, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.12.006 al-Houdalieh SH, 2009, INT J CULT PROP, V16, P1, DOI 10.1017/S0940739109090043 Bishop-Taylor R., 2009, TUNDZHA REGIONAL ARC, V2011 Brodie N, 2005, ANNU REV ANTHROPOL, V34, P343, DOI 10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120551 Carleton WC, 2012, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V39, P3371, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2012.05.022 Cholakov I. D., 2008, ARCHAEOL BULG, VXII, P89 Contreras DA, 2010, J FIELD ARCHAEOL, V35, P101, DOI 10.1179/009346910X12707320296838 Crema ER, 2010, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V37, P1118, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2009.12.012 Dimitrova D., 2005, P INT S MEM PROF MIE, P129 Falser M. 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PD JAN-FEB PY 2017 VL 23 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.10.002 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EO0PH UT WOS:000396399800001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ropret, P Legan, L Retko, K Spec, T Pondelak, A Skrlep, L Skapin, AS AF Ropret, Polonca Legan, Lea Retko, Klara Spec, Tanja Pondelak, Andreja Skrlep, Luka Skapin, Andrijana Sever TI Evaluation of vibrational spectroscopic techniques for consolidants' penetration depth determination SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Penetration depth; Consolidants; Carbonate; Silicate; Raman and FTIR spectroscopy ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE CONSERVATION; NEUTRON TOMOGRAPHY; CALCIUM HYDROXIDE; WATER REPELLENTS; STONE; TRANSFORMATION; VATERITE AB The penetration depth of consolidants applied to cultural heritage objects plays a crucial role in a successful conservation and protection of them. In the frame of HEROMAT FP7 project new consolidants for carbonate and silicate based materials were developed. Among many other investigated properties, the penetration depth was defined by Raman and FUR spectroscopies, for which their ability was also evaluated. Due to the formation of calcium carbonate in the consolidation process of carbonate forming consolidants, the addition of sodium nitroprusside indicator supported Raman differentiation of treated and non-treated areas in the calcium carbonate based substrate. Furthermore, the combination of the indicator reaction and Raman results gave much more precise penetration depth estimation than the visual assessment alone. For following the penetration depth of modified TEOS based consolidants for silicate based substrates, FTIR spectroscopy turned out to be very successful without any indicator application or pre-treatment of samples. Furthermore, the penetration depth related to different application methods, such as brush, cellulose pulp, airless spray and roller, was also studied. The deepest penetration was achieved by 8 h of application of consolidants in cellulose pulp, while in comparing one application by roller, airless spray and brush within the same substrate, the deepest penetration can be achieved by brush. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ropret, Polonca; Legan, Lea; Retko, Klara; Spec, Tanja] Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Poljanska 40, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Ropret, Polonca] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Pondelak, Andreja; Skrlep, Luka; Skapin, Andrijana Sever] Slovenian Natl Bldg & Civil Engn Inst, Dimiceva 12, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Pondelak, Andreja] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Chem & Chem Technol, Vecna Pot 113, Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Ropret, P (reprint author), Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Poljanska 40, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. EM polona.ropret@zykds.si; lea.legan@zykds.si; klara.retko@zvkds.si; limja.spec@vkds.si; andreja.pondelak@zag.si; luka.skrlep@zag.si; rijana.skapin@zag.si FU European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [282992]; Slovenian Research AgencySlovenian Research Agency - Slovenia [L1-5453, P2-0273] FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement No 282992; project acronym: HEROMAT; project title: Protection of cultural heritage objects with multifunctional advanced materials; coordinator: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia; research area: ENV-NMP.2011.3.2.1-1 Development of advanced compatible materials and techniques and their application for the protection, conservation and restoration of cultural heritage assets; type of funding scheme: SME targeted Collaborative Project; http://www.heromat.com/. The presented research was also in part supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (Grant L1-5453 and Programme P2-0273). A. Pondelak is grateful to the Slovenian Research Agency for her Ph.D. grant. 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H., 1967, COORDIN CHEM REV, V2, P385 Wehrmeister U, 2010, J RAMAN SPECTROSC, V41, P193, DOI 10.1002/jrs.2438 Wheeler G., 2005, ALKOXYSILANES CONSOL Xu X, 2006, J PHYS CHEM B, V110, P2764, DOI 10.1021/jp055712w NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2017 VL 23 BP 148 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.07.004 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EO0PH UT WOS:000396399800017 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Balocco, C Petrone, G Maggi, O Pasquariello, G Albertini, R Pasquarella, C AF Balocco, Carla Petrone, Giuseppe Maggi, Oriana Pasquariello, Giovanna Albertini, Roberto Pasquarella, Cesira TI Indoor microclimatic study for Cultural Heritage protection and preventive conservation in the Palatina Library SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Microclimatic conditions; Conservative preservation; Indoor air quality; Paper conservation; CFD ID TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS; ENVIRONMENTS; MOISTURE; DETERIORATION; GROWTH; MUSEUM; WALLS; HEAT; AIR AB We suggest a method to identify the suitability of a chosen indoor environment for paper material conservation in historical libraries. Our approach is based on two steps: numerical simulation for solving the air velocity, moisture and temperature fields, and then post-processing indexes evaluation to assess how the indoor microclimatic conditions can be favourable or not to the growth and development of microorganisms responsible for paper deterioration. Areal case study was analysed in two different conditions: one the present situation and the other proposed by the authors with a HVAC system assuring controlled air temperature and RH levels. Numerical models, validated by experimental data published in previous works, were used to carry out microclimatic results. Starting from these results, some indexes suggested by the scientific literature were computed to check the suitability of the indoor environment for preserving a library heritage. Boolean parameters were also deduced from the combination of micro climatic factors favouring the growth of microorganisms responsible for paper material deterioration. Our research can provide a methodological approach that predictively allows one to know when, where and how the processes responsible for indoor microorganism activity can find the microclimatic conditions for their kick-off and triggering, and then their areas of potential growth. The proposed method highlights the main causes of the deterioration processes connected to building thermo-physics. Simulation results turned out to be a fundamental approach to identify the risky zones and potential areas of triggering deterioration processes of all the materials present. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Balocco, Carla; Petrone, Giuseppe] Univ Florence, Dept Ind Engn, Via Santa Marta 3, I-50139 Florence, Italy. [Maggi, Oriana] Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Environm Biol, Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, I-00165 Rome, Italy. [Pasquariello, Giovanna] Minist Cultural Heritage Act & Tourism, Cent Inst Graph Arts, Via Lungara 23, I-00165 Rome, Italy. [Albertini, Roberto] Univ Parma, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Via Gramsci 14, I-43124 Parma, Italy. [Pasquarella, Cesira] Univ Parma, Dept Biomed Biotechnol & Translat Sci, Via Volturno 39, I-43125 Parma, Italy. RP Petrone, G (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Ind Engn, Via Santa Marta 3, I-50139 Florence, Italy. EM carla.balocco@unifi.it; giuseppe.petrone@unifi.it; oridna.maggi@uniroma.it; giovanna.pasquariello@beniculturali.it; roberto.albertini@unipr.it; ira.pasquarella@unipr.it RI Albertini, Roberto/Q-1708-2015; MAGGI, ORIANA/C-9838-2010 OI Albertini, Roberto/0000-0002-9569-0467; MAGGI, ORIANA/0000-0002-5523-3384 CR Albero S, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P197, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2003.08.001 Andretta M., 2015, J CULT HERIT [Anonymous], 2005, 159274 ISO [Anonymous], 2010, 15757 UNI EN [Anonymous], 1999, 10829 UNI [Anonymous], 2013, 55 ANSIASHRAE *ASHRAE, 2001, [No title captured] *ASHRAE, 2003, [No title captured] Balocco C., 2015, INT J TECH RES APPL, V3, P307 Balocco C., 2013, INT J BUILD SIMULATI, V8, P2 Balocco C., 2015, CONSERV SCI CULT HER, V1, P275 Bartlett KH, 2004, J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG, V1, P639, DOI 10.1080/15459620490497744 Becherini F, 2016, J CULT HERIT, V18, P375, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.07.001 BERNARDI A, 1985, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V46, P243, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(85)90297-9 Brandl H, 2008, AEROBIOLOGIA, V24, P203, DOI 10.1007/s10453-008-9099-x Burch D. 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Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2016 VL 22 BP 956 EP 967 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.05.009 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EE3ZA UT WOS:000389540000004 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Sequeira, SO Coutinho, ML Lima, JC Phillips, AJL Macedo, MF Cabrita, EJ AF Sequeira, Silvia Oliveira Coutinho, Mathilda L. Lima, Joao C. Phillips, Alan J. L. Macedo, Maria F. Cabrita, Eurico J. TI 4-MUF-NAG for fungal biomass determination: Scope and limitations in the context of biodeterioration studies SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE 4-MUF-NAG; Fungal growth; NAGase; Spectrofluorometry ID ERGOSTEROL AB In the field of biodeterioration of cultural heritage by fungi, quantification of fungal growth is a regularly required procedure. Recently, a fluorometric method for detection and estimation of fungal growth using 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide (4-MUF-NAG) was proposed. In order to evaluate the potentials and limitations of this method for fungal biomass quantification, different experimental conditions to develop calibration curves were tested, using Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Chaetomium globosum and Penicillium chrysogenum fungal strains. The results showed that the correlation between fluorescence and biomass differs according to fungal species and stage of growth. Therefore, a measurement of fluorescence may not be indicative of a specific value of biomass. Also, false positive and negative results for fungal growth can be obtained. C. globosum was the fungal species that showed the most constant correlation between biomass and fluorescence throughout the different incubation periods. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Sequeira, Silvia Oliveira; Coutinho, Mathilda L.; Macedo, Maria F.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Dept Conservacao & Restauro, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Caparica, Portugal. [Sequeira, Silvia Oliveira; Coutinho, Mathilda L.; Macedo, Maria F.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Res Unit Vidro & Ceram Artes, VICARTE, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Caparica, Portugal. [Sequeira, Silvia Oliveira] IICT ULisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. [Coutinho, Mathilda L.; Lima, Joao C.; Cabrita, Eurico J.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Dept Quim, REQUIMTE, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol,CQFB, Caparica, Portugal. [Phillips, Alan J. L.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, UCIBIO, Dept Ciencias Vida, Caparica, Portugal. RP Sequeira, SO (reprint author), Univ Nova Lisboa, Dept Conservacao & Restauro, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Caparica, Portugal. EM s.o.sequeira@gmail.com RI Lima, Joao/F-3658-2010; Sequeira, Silvia/G-6482-2011; Cabrita, Eurico/E-8053-2011; Macedo, M.F./V-2568-2018; Phillips, Alan J. L./C-6102-2011 OI Lima, Joao/0000-0003-0528-1967; Sequeira, Silvia/0000-0002-4882-7133; Cabrita, Eurico/0000-0002-0720-2751; Macedo, M.F./0000-0003-4366-4192; Phillips, Alan J. L./0000-0001-6367-9784; Larsson D. Coutinho, Mathilda/0000-0002-3802-1363 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia - Ministerio da Educacao e Ciencia (FCT-MEC), Portugal [SFRH/BD/72216/2010, UID/EAT/00729/2013]; FCT/MEC [UID/Multi/04378/2013]; ERDFEuropean Union (EU) [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007728]; Unidade de Ciencias Biomoleculares Aplicadas - UCIBIO FX Funding: this study was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia - Ministerio da Educacao e Ciencia (FCT-MEC), Portugal, with a doctoral grant [SFRH/BD/72216/2010] and the project UID/EAT/00729/2013; and by Unidade de Ciencias Biomoleculares Aplicadas - UCIBIO which is financed by national funds from FCT/MEC (UID/Multi/04378/2013) and co-financed by the ERDF under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007728). 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PD NOV-DEC PY 2016 VL 22 BP 992 EP 998 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.06.002 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EE3ZA UT WOS:000389540000008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Magrini, A Franco, G AF Magrini, Anna Franco, Giovanna TI The energy performance improvement of historic buildings and their environmental sustainability assessment SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Energy audit; Monumental historical architecture; Energy performance; Energy management process; Environmental sustainability; Energy sustainability AB The changes in present world oblige the scientific community working on Cultural Heritage to face every day more urgent challenges of "sustainability". This concept refers to a very broad horizon, touching various spheres: cultural, economic, social, environmental, before the purely technical and energetic ones; the terms deal, in fact, with a sustainable process of conservation, renovation, reuse and management of historical architecture, where the assessment methods could play a key role, even in the early stage process. The assessment of the environmental sustainability of historical buildings may help to recognize potential ways of enhancement. This is the main content of the article, showing results of a multi-disciplinary research on a representative case study, the huge historical complex of the Albergo dei Poveri of Genoa (XVII-XIX Century), which will be completely restored and reused as a university campus. To highlight the increasing value of a smart renovation, the sustainability of the energy solutions has been analysed verifying how a good rating can be obtained, within the early design process, in the energy performance sectors. The outcomes allow to show that better results can be reached in the environmental sustainability certification by means of added actions not strictly needed, but allowed. A proposal of a methodological approach to the sustainability evaluation for historic building renovation is the main result of the investigation. A relevant step of the assessment is represented by the comparison of the obtained scores with calculated reference scores that do not correspond to the absolute maximum values. This approach helps to individuate the fields in which higher global scores can be reached by planning smart renovation actions. The results allow also to highlight some aspects of the procedure application that can be improved for a more appropriate use of sustainability rating systems for this particular kind of heritage. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Magrini, Anna] Univ Pavia, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Pavia, Italy. [Franco, Giovanna] Univ Genoa, Polytech Sch, Dept Architectural Sci, Genoa, Italy. RP Magrini, A (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Pavia, Italy. EM magrini@unipv.it OI magrini, anna/0000-0003-0084-9306 FU Liguria Region titled 'Smart grid: intelligent management of historical architectural heritage' in collaboration with Ansaldo Energia [1/6] FX The complex of the Albergo dei Poveri in Genoa was an object of a Ministry research program (PRIN 2010-2011), 'Built Heritage Information Modelling/Management-BHIMM' and a research program fund by Liguria Region titled 'Smart grid: intelligent management of historical architectural heritage' in collaboration with Ansaldo Energia (Social Fund Liguria Region 2007-2013 Axis IV "Human Capital" specific objective 1/6, Fondo Sociale Regione Liguria 2007-2013 Asse IV - Capitale umano, obiettivo specifico I/6). CR [Anonymous], 2015, PREN16883 Berardi U, 2011, SUSTAINABILITY ASSES Boarin P, 2014, ENRGY PROCED, V61, P1029, DOI 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.1017 Bos U., 2013, SUST BUILD C SB13 AP Fabbri K, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, pE25, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.12.010 Franco G, 2015, ENERG BUILDINGS, V95, P153, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.10.051 GBC Italia, 2013, GBC HIST BUILD SHORT Lopez CSP, 2014, ENRGY PROCED, V48, P1493, DOI 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.02.169 Magrini A, 2015, ENRGY PROCED, V75, P1399, DOI 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.231 Moschella A, 2013, ENRGY PROCED, V42, P416, DOI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.11.042 Paleari M., 2014, P 8 IT LCA NETW C FL, P101 Rambelli G., 2014, INTEGRATING ENERGY E Staudenmaier J.M., 1985, TECHNOLOGYS STORYTEL NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 21 BP 834 EP 841 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.03.012 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EE3YY UT WOS:000389539800011 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Pagounis, V Tsakiri, M Zacharis, V Andritsanos, V Tsiardaki, M AF Pagounis, Vasilios Tsakiri, Maria Zacharis, Vangelis Andritsanos, Vasilios Tsiardaki, Maria TI Detection of geometric changes for an historic theatre by comparing surveying data of different chronological periods SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Terrestrial laser scanning; Geometric changes; Ancient theatre AB This paper presents results from a study where identification and documentation of geometric changes are examined from a weathered ancient theatre using map regression methods. Specifically, a comparison is made between a topographic map created in the 1960s by the German Archaeological Institute and a new map of the same area using state-of-the-art geodetic and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) techniques. The work scale of the maps is 1:100 and can reveal changes and deformations of relevant size to the scale of the map (over 1.5 cm). The process, described in detail, entails georeferencing, planimetric and vertical comparison and assessment of the changes. The study demonstrates the importance of detecting topographic changes in cultural heritage sites and can be applicable to similar analyses over a range of time periods. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Pagounis, Vasilios; Andritsanos, Vasilios; Tsiardaki, Maria] TEI Athens, Dept Surveying & Geoinformat Engn, Athens, Greece. [Tsakiri, Maria; Zacharis, Vangelis] NTUA, Sch Rural & Surveying Engn, Athens, Greece. RP Tsakiri, M (reprint author), NTUA, Sch Rural & Surveying Engn, Athens, Greece. EM pagounis@teiath.gr; mtsakiri@central.ntua.gr; vanzach@survey.ntua.gr; andritsanos@teiath.gr; mtsiardaki@gmail.com FU Regional Archaeological Service in Biotia, Greece FX This work has been financially supported by the Regional Archaeological Service in Biotia, Greece. CR Balla A, 2014, MEDITERR ARCHAEOL AR, V14, P119 Blakemore M. J, 1980, CARTOGRAPHICA, V17, P1 Bruns G., 1940, KABIREN HEILIGTUM BE Collins B.D., 2012, TOPOGRAPHIC CHANGE D Engstrom T., 2009, J NORDIC ARCHAEOL SC, V16, P3 Govedarica M., 2011, GEODETSKI VESTNIK SL Hay S., 2013, ARCHAEOL MONOGR, V22 Herrault PA, 2013, GEOGR TECH, V8, P34 Heyedr W., 1978, BAUTEN KABIRENHEILIG Higgins M. D., 1996, GEOLOGICAL COMPANION Hinzen KG, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, P424, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.10.017 Jenny B, 2011, COMPUT GRAPH-UK, V35, P402, DOI 10.1016/j.cag.2011.01.005 Livieratos E, 2006, CARTOGRAPHICA, V41, P165, DOI DOI 10.3138/RM86-3872-8942-61P4 Livieratos E., 2013, P 26 INT CART C DRES Mehrer MW, 2005, GIS ARCHAEOLOGICAL S Remondino F, 2011, REMOTE SENS-BASEL, V3, P1104, DOI 10.3390/rs3061104 Ronzino P., 2010, P FIG C SYDN AUSTR 1 Rowlands A, 2007, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V34, P795, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2006.06.018 Saleri R., 2013, P IEEE Sarris A., 2011, P 16 C INT UN PREH P Schuller M., 2002, MONUMENTS AND SITES, VVII Sevara C., 2013, INT J HERIT DIGIT ER, V2 Siart C, 2008, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V35, P2918, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2008.06.006 Symeonoglou S, 1985, TOPOGRAPHY THEBES BR Ulvi A, 2010, INT J PHYS SCI, V5, P1086 Vozikis G., 2007, P 21 CIPA S 01 06 OC Wolters P., 1905, KABIRENHEILIGTUM BEI NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 21 BP 860 EP 868 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.02.004 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA EE3YY UT WOS:000389539800014 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Lacanna, G Ripepe, M Marchetti, E Coli, M Garzonio, CA AF Lacanna, Giorgio Ripepe, Maurizio Marchetti, Emanuele Coli, Massimo Garzonio, Carlo Alberto TI Dynamic response of the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Florence, Italy, based on ambient vibration test SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Structural health monitoring; Seismic evaluation; Automated output-only; Dynamic identification; Frequency domain decomposition ID MODAL-ANALYSIS; STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION; TOWER AB The dynamic behavior of the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Florence is evaluated using ambient vibration normally induced by wind, traffic, micro-seismic, and other human activities. We show how modal parameters of historical buildings can be estimated by the Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition (EFDD) in terms of natural frequency, damping ratio and modal shapes. We developed an automatic procedure to detect in real-time the modal parameters using three-component seismic stations. We show that displacement of the Baptistery can be automatically quantified for each single mode and we found that the first mode induces a displacement of 0.7 tim, 7 times larger than those produced by the 6th mode. We also show that after the vehicular traffic was blocked around the historical center, the daily urban activity in the rest of the city has enough energy to excite the first six modes of eigenmovements of this historical building and the daytime amplitudes of the eigenmotions are six times larger than those at night. Modal parameters are directly related to the mechanical characteristic and thus the ability of the presented methodology to automatically detect their evolution can be used to monitor in real-time the health of historical structures without affecting their functionality and making the method fast and cheap. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Lacanna, Giorgio; Ripepe, Maurizio; Marchetti, Emanuele] Univ Florence, Dept Earth Sci, Via G La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Coli, Massimo] Univ Florence, Dept Earth Sci, Borgo Albizi 28, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Garzonio, Carlo Alberto] Univ Florence, Dept Earth Sci, Via Micheli 8, I-50121 Florence, Italy. RP Lacanna, G (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Earth Sci, Via G La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy. EM giorgio.lacanna@unifi.it; maurizio.ripepe@unifi.it; emanuele.marchetti@unifi.it; massimo.coli@unifi.it; carloalberto.garzonio@unifi.it FU Opera del Duomo FX This research was supported by the Opera del Duomo funding for which the authors are deeply grateful; the installation and operation of the equipment in the Baptistery was facilitated by Riccardo Genco, Pauline Deguy, Giacomo Ulivieri and Mattia Ripepe to whom we express the kindest thanks. The paper has been improved by constructive comments of two anonymous reviewers. CR Allemang R. 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PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 20 SI SI BP 632 EP 640 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.02.007 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DT7ZQ UT WOS:000381707500008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Romao, X Pauperio, E Pereira, N AF Romao, Xavier Pauperio, Esmeralda Pereira, Nuno TI A framework for the simplified risk analysis of cultural heritage assets SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Cultural Heritage and Loss Prevention (Cultural HELP) CY OCT 06-07, 2014 CL Porto, PORTUGAL SP Univ Porto, Fac Engn, FEUP, Construct Inst, Int Council Monuments & Sites, Int Comm Risk Preparedness DE Risk assessment; Vulnerability; Hazard; Built immovable cultural heritage; Cultural heritage value ID PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT; VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT; SEISMIC ASSESSMENT; FRAGILITY CURVES; LARGE-SCALE; RESILIENCE; BUILDINGS; HAZARDS; ELICITATION; MONUMENTS AB A simplified risk assessment framework specifically developed for built immovable cultural heritage assets is proposed. The framework addresses all the components in a risk analysis and can be used as a screening procedure for the preliminary assessment of a large number of assets with limited resources. Furthermore, the framework can also be used to identify cultural heritage assets that require a more refined and resource demanding risk evaluation. The proposed risk analysis framework falls into the category of qualitative methods and is based on an existing approach developed for the vulnerability assessment of critical infrastructures. The qualitative risk analysis of the proposed methodology is based on a set of structured assessment flowcharts that address the main components of a risk analysis: the likelihood of the hazard, the vulnerability of the asset to the hazard, the consequences of the hazard, the loss of value of the asset and the capacity to recover from the event. To illustrate the applicability of the proposed methodology, an application example is also presented for the case of seismic risk. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Romao, Xavier; Pereira, Nuno] Univ Porto, Fac Engn, CONSTRUCT LESE, Oporto, Portugal. [Pauperio, Esmeralda] Univ Porto, CONSTRUCT LESE, Fac Engn, Construct Inst, Oporto, Portugal. RP Romao, X (reprint author), Univ Porto, Fac Engn, CONSTRUCT LESE, Oporto, Portugal. 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Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 20 SI SI BP 696 EP 708 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.05.007 PG 13 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DT7ZQ UT WOS:000381707500017 OA Green Published DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Suarez, R Alonso, A Sendra, JJ AF Suarez, Rafael Alonso, Alicia Sendra, Juan J. TI Archaeoacoustics of intangible cultural heritage: The sound of the Maior Ecclesia of Cluny SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Archaeoacoustics; Worship acoustics; Virtual acoustics; Cultural heritage; Religious music; Liturgy acoustics; Architectural acoustics ID TIME; ACOUSTICS; LITURGY; CLARITY; ART AB Some major historical heritage which has disappeared over time can currently be recovered in part thanks to computer modeling tools and virtual reality technologies. Incorporating sensory experience using immaterial reconstruction constitutes a new form of knowledge and a major methodological change in the field of cultural heritage. Archaeoacoustics are used to introduce phenomenology as a new method for the analysis of historical heritage, allowing evaluation of the sound quality of a space based on subjective perception by using auralization techniques which allow cognitive and physical elements to be reproduced and combined. This study assess and recover the acoustics of a now extinct major religious space: the Maior Ecclesia in Cluny, recognised as European heritage. Its long reverberation times produced a grandiose acoustic experience of Gregorian chant, heightening spirituality. Its extensive choir servedas a place of spatial reference, because of its location in the temple and its major role in the liturgy. It could be defined as an ecclesiola in ecclesia with an identity of its own. The sound of the Gregorian chant of the monks was perceived clearly and powerfully within this space. However, the high reverberance perceived in the rest of the spaces of the church transformed the chant into an unintelligible, inaudible signal. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Suarez, Rafael; Alonso, Alicia; Sendra, Juan J.] Univ Seville, Inst Univ Arquitectura & Ciencias Construcc, Escuela Tecn Super Arquitectura, Ave Reina Mercedes 2, Seville 41012, Spain. RP Suarez, R (reprint author), Univ Seville, Inst Univ Arquitectura & Ciencias Construcc, Escuela Tecn Super Arquitectura, Ave Reina Mercedes 2, Seville 41012, Spain. EM rsuarez@us.es RI Sendra, Juan J./A-5614-2008; Suarez, Rafael/O-1604-2013; Alonso, Alicia/J-3258-2013 OI Sendra, Juan J./0000-0003-3070-6680; Suarez, Rafael/0000-0001-6136-1596; Alonso, Alicia/0000-0002-0321-1730 FU ERDF funds; Spanish GovernmentSpanish Government [BIA2014-56755-P, FPU12/04949] FX This research has been financially supported by ERDF funds and the Spanish Government, with reference BIA2014-56755-P and FPU12/04949. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2016 VL 19 BP 567 EP 572 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.12.003 PG 6 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DN9FJ UT WOS:000377384600021 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Grau-Bove, J Mazzei, L Malkii-Ephstein, L Thickett, D Strlic, M AF Grau-Bove, Josep Mazzei, Luca Malkii-Ephstein, Liora Thickett, David Strlic, Matija TI Simulation of particulate matter ingress, dispersion and deposition in a historical building SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Deposition; Particles; Pollution; Indoor; CFD ID PARTICLE DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT; AEROSOL; INFECTION; MODEL AB In this work, we use a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to simulate the penetration, dispersion and deposition of particulate matter (mean particle size of 2.5 mu m) in a historical house. We compare the simulation results with direct measurements of deposition in several rooms and with measurements of concentration in different conditions of wind direction. The computational model, based on the drift-flux approach, provides accurate predictions of the spatial distribution of deposition and the variation of the indoor/outdoor ratio, which display a good agreement with experimental measurements. Our analysis shows that while the ingress rate of particles is controlled by wind direction and pressure, the amount of particles that reaches every surface depends ultimately on the operation of the ventilation system. Concentration indoors is relatively homogeneous, however, the spatial arrangement of the rooms and the position of air inlets and outlets results in significant gradients of deposition rates, which has direct implications for cleaning and preservation. These findings illustrate the potential of CFD to produce meaningful predictions of yearly and monthly deposition in large, multi-room environments, and to offer site-specific evidence, which can inform heritage managers and enable risk assessment. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Grau-Bove, Josep; Strlic, Matija] UCL, Inst Sustainable Heritage, 14 Upper Woburn Pl, London WC1H 0NN, England. [Mazzei, Luca] UCL, Dept Chem Engn, Torrington Pl, London WC1E 7JE, England. [Malkii-Ephstein, Liora] UCL, Dept Civil & Geomat Engn, Torrington Pl, London WC1E 7JE, England. [Thickett, David] English Heritage, 1 Waterhouse Sq,138-142 Holborn, London EC1N 2ST, England. RP Grau-Bove, J (reprint author), UCL, Inst Sustainable Heritage, 14 Upper Woburn Pl, London WC1H 0NN, England. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2016 VL 18 BP 199 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.08.006 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DH0OZ UT WOS:000372484800001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Bressan, F Bertani, R Furlan, C Simionato, F Canazza, S AF Bressan, Federica Bertani, Roberta Furlan, Claudio Simionato, Fabio Canazza, Sergio TI An ATR-FTIR and ESEM study on magnetic tapes for the assessment of the degradation of historical audio recordings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Sound archives; Preservation of magnetic tapes; Restoration; Recovery; Chemical analyses ID PHASE-SEPARATION; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYESTER; BINDER; HYDROLYSIS; MORPHOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; KINETICS AB This article presents some approaches for chemical and physical characterization of materials (ATR-FTIR and ESEM) applied to a specific category of cultural material, magnetic tapes. Analogue recording on magnetic tape has been the main technique for capturing sound for about five decades in the past century. Most of our collective memory is therefore stored on this type of medium, which is unfortunately degrading very fast. The past twenty years have witnessed a true rush to digitization in order to save the information stored on tape, but many aspects of the physical recovery of damaged carriers are still performed without solid scientific knowledge, leaving space for improvised treatments with unexpected ill effects. The main motivations for this study are that the preservation of sound recordings is an urgent matter that belongs to the field of Intangible Cultural Heritage preservation, the scientific literature on the subject is scarce and little known by the non-scientific archival world, and the documented approaches to tapes recovery are currently fragmented and do not provide an exhaustive reference for the operators in this field. The analyses presented in this article aim at paving the way for the establishment of a scientific protocol for the safe recovery of damaged tapes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Bressan, Federica; Canazza, Sergio] Univ Padua, Dept Informat Engn, Via G Gradenigo 6-B, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bertani, Roberta; Simionato, Fabio] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Chem Sect, Via F Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Furlan, Claudio] Univ Padua, CUGAS, Via Jappelli 1-A, I-35121 Padua, Italy. RP Bressan, F (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Informat Engn, Via G Gradenigo 6-B, I-35131 Padua, Italy. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2016 VL 18 BP 313 EP 320 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.09.004 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DH0OZ UT WOS:000372484800013 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Sujarwo, W Caneva, G AF Sujarwo, Wawan Caneva, Giulia TI Using quantitative indices to evaluate the cultural importance of food and nutraceutical plants: Comparative data from the Island of Bali (Indonesia) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Quantitative ethnobotany; Cultural importance indices; Immaterial cultural heritage; Food and nutraceutical plants; Bali Island ID MEDICINAL-PLANTS; BOLIVIAN-AMAZON; ATLANTIC FOREST; WILD PLANTS; KNOWLEDGE; ETHNOBOTANY; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; HERITAGE; EROSION AB Different quantitative indices were proposed to determine the cultural importance of ethnobotanically valuable plants in order to develop a tool for the evaluation of immaterial cultural heritage. These indices were applied to an ethnobotanical survey of food and nutraceutical plants traditionally consumed in Bali, Indonesia. The uses of the plants were grouped into 6 use categories. The Cultural Food Significance Index (CFSI), use value (UV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), relative importance (RI), cultural value (CVs), and informant consensus factor (ICF) were calculated for a list of plants cited by fifty informants in different traditional villages on the island. This evaluation of the cultural importance of plants through different indices produced interesting variations. Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott came highest in the preference ranking for RFC, UV and CVs. Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. was in first place for CFSI and RI. Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet and Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T. Ness) Blume were also high in the CFSI, RI, and CVs. The ICF results revealed a well-defined food tradition. The combined use of these indices, as opposed to any single index, makes it possible to quantify the role that a given plant plays within a particular culture. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Sujarwo, Wawan] Indonesian Inst Sci LIPI, Bot Gardens, Candikuning Baturiti Tab 82191, Bali, Indonesia. [Sujarwo, Wawan; Caneva, Giulia] Univ Rome Tre, Dept Sci, Viale G Marconi 446, I-00146 Rome, Italy. RP Sujarwo, W (reprint author), Indonesian Inst Sci LIPI, Bot Gardens, Candikuning Baturiti Tab 82191, Bali, Indonesia. EM wawan.sujarwo@lipi.go.id; giulia.caneva@uniroma3.it RI Sujarwo, Wawan/E-8605-2015 OI Sujarwo, Wawan/0000-0001-8858-9769 FU Italian Ministry for Higher Education and Research (MIUR) through Universita Roma TreMinistry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) FX We would like to thank the Italian Ministry for Higher Education and Research (MIUR) for financial support provided through Universita Roma Tre. We also wish to express our gratitude to the informants who took part in our survey for sharing their knowledge and for their hospitality and assistance. Justin Bradshaw revised the English language version. CR Agung A. A. G., 2005, BALI ENDANGERED PARA Albuquerque U. P., 2006, Ethnobotany Research and Applications, V4, P51 ALEXIADES MN, 1996, [No title captured] Amiguet VT, 2005, ECON BOT, V59, P29, DOI 10.1663/0013-0001(2005)059[0029:ACEOTQ]2.0.CO;2 Astuti I. 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PD MAR-APR PY 2016 VL 18 BP 342 EP 348 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.06.006 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DH0OZ UT WOS:000372484800016 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Poggi, G Sistach, MC Marin, E Garcia, JF Giorgi, R Baglioni, P AF Poggi, Giovanna Carmen Sistach, Maria Marin, Eva Francisco Garcia, Jose Giorgi, Rodorico Baglioni, Piero TI Calcium hydroxide nanoparticles in hydroalcoholic gelatin solutions (GeolNan) for the deacidification and strengthening of papers containing iron gall ink SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Alkaline nanoparticles; Deacidification; Paper; Cellulose; Calcium hydroxide; Gelatin; Nanocomposite; Iron gall inks; Lamination; GeolNan ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; CONSERVATION; DISPERSIONS; CA(OH)(2); CORROSION; MG(OH)(2); CELLULOSE; NANOTECHNOLOGIES; GLUCOPYRANOSYL; DEGRADATION AB A severe decay process, catalyzed by acidity and metal ions, affects cellulose in historical manuscripts and books that contain iron gall inks. The inhibition of this process can be achieved by alkaline -earth nanoparticles dispersions in alcohols, which create a neutral environment in which both oxidation and depolymerization of cellulose are hindered. As a result of the degradation process, paper in historical manuscripts and books is fragile and very difficult to handle. A reinforcement intervention with gelatin and Japanese tissue could be used for the strengthening of historical manuscripts, even if this method could not prevent paper degradation due to iron gall inks. Therefore, a new method, combining a deacidification treatment based on calcium hydroxide nanoparticles and a reinforcement process using Japanese tissue has been developed and tested on mockups containing iron gall inks. The protective action arising from the combined treatment was evaluated by performing cellulose viscosimetric degree of polymerization (DPv) and pH measurements on artificially aged systems. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was used for the evaluation of calcium distribution from the deacidification agent within samples cross section. Determinations of DPv clearly showed that the degradation of untreated inked paper was significantly slowed down by the combined treatment. The method was also tested on original manuscripts from 16th and 18th century. SEM-EDX maps showed that the applied treatment, which raised the pH to an appropriate value, is homogenously distributed over the treated surfaces. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Poggi, Giovanna; Giorgi, Rodorico; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, Dept Chem, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy. [Poggi, Giovanna; Giorgi, Rodorico; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, CSGI, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy. [Carmen Sistach, Maria] Arch Crown Aragon, Almogavares 77, Barcelona 08018, Spain. [Marin, Eva; Francisco Garcia, Jose] Univ Barcelona, Dept Analyt Chem, Diagonal 647, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Giorgi, R (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Chem, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy.; Giorgi, R (reprint author), Univ Florence, CSGI, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy. EM poggi@csgi.unifi.it; carmen.sistach@mecd.es; eva.marin@ub.edu; jfgarcia@ub.edu; giorgi@csgi.unifi.it; baglioni@csgi.unifi.it RI Giorgi, Rodorico/H-5080-2011; Baglioni, Piero/B-1208-2011; Tordera, Eva Marin/G-1582-2015 OI Giorgi, Rodorico/0000-0002-7752-4107; Baglioni, Piero/0000-0003-1312-8700; Poggi, Giovanna/0000-0002-4158-0705; Garcia Martinez, Jose F./0000-0003-4543-9642 FU CSGI; European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [FP7-ENV-NMP-2011/282816]; Ministry of Science and InnovationSpanish Government [HAR-2011-29654, HAR-2014-56526] FX The authors would like to thank Luisa Aroldi for her collaboration during the experimental tests on paper. This work was partly supported by CSGI, and by the European Union, Project NANOFORART (FP7-ENV-NMP-2011/282816).; The work developed at the University of Barcelona and at the Archive of the Crown of Aragon was funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation in two consecutive projects named HAR-2011-29654 and HAR-2014-56526. CR [Anonymous], 1994, 8282 UNI Baglioni D., 2012, ENCY SURFACE COLLOID, P1 Baglioni P, 2013, RSC NANOSCI NANOTECH, P1, DOI 10.1039/9781849737630 Baglioni P, 2015, NANOTECHNOLOGIES CON BANAIT NS, 1991, J AM CHEM SOC, V113, P7951, DOI 10.1021/ja00021a021 Banik G., 2002, ERE NUMERIQUE ACTES, P205 BARRETT T, 1995, J AM INST CONSERV, V34, P173, DOI 10.2307/3179538 Baty JW, 2010, BIORESOURCES, V5, P1955 Calvini P, 2008, CELLULOSE, V15, P193, DOI 10.1007/s10570-007-9162-8 Dupont AL, 2004, J CHROMATOGR A, V1026, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.002 Ferrer N., 2007, BOOK PAPER GROUP ANN, V26, P21 Ferrer N, 2013, RESTAURATOR, V34, P175, DOI 10.1515/res-2013-0010 Giorgi R, 2006, APPL PHYS A-MATER, V83, P567, DOI 10.1007/s00339-006-3542-z Giorgi R, 2005, LANGMUIR, V21, P10743, DOI 10.1021/la0506731 Giorgi R, 2005, LANGMUIR, V21, P8495, DOI 10.1021/la050564m Giorgi R, 2002, LANGMUIR, V18, P8198, DOI 10.1021/la025964d Giorgi R, 2002, WORKS ART PAPER BOOK, V47, P69, DOI [10.1179/sic.2002.47.s3.014, DOI 10.1179/SIC.2002.47.S3.014] Harris J. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2016 VL 18 BP 250 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.10.005 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DH0OZ UT WOS:000372484800006 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Andretta, M Coppola, F Seccia, L AF Andretta, Massimo Coppola, Floriana Seccia, Leonardo TI Investigation on the interaction between the outdoor environment and the indoor microclimate of a historical library SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Microclimatic quality; Indoor air pollution; I/O ratio; Deposition velocity; Air exchange rate; Performance Index ID AIR-QUALITY; MUSEUM; OZONE AB In recent years, the study of the indoor microclimate has assumed increasing importance, both in relation to the health of people living in confined environments for a considerable part of their time, both for the problems associated with the conservation of works of art and cultural heritage housed in museums, galleries and libraries. In this paper, we present the results of a measurement campaign carried out in two periods of the year, which can be considered "extreme" from the meteo-climatic point of view, in the Classense Library located in the city of Ravenna (Italy). This is a famous Italian historical library that houses many books of great value. The campaigns took place one in the summer period (from July 22nd to August 6th 2014) and another one in winter (from 15th December to 30th December 2014). During these measurements campaigns, we have characterized different and heterogeneous indoor environments. The internal pollutants concentrations and thermo-hygrometric data have been compared with the external ones, obtained from nearby measuring points. In this way, we have been able to determine the Indoor/Outdoor ratio (I/0 ratio) of the pollutants concentrations. From these data and from the estimated air exchange rate, the pollutants deposition velocities have been calculated, too. The building has no air conditioning systems and our experimental data show that it is characterized by a relatively low rate of air exchange and a high thermal inertia. We have also compared the analysed microclimatic data with the specific values recommended by different norms and standards, in order to verify the conditions of preservation of the precious texts. Finally, we have applied a mathematical model to study the indoor pollutants concentrations, in order to confirm that the correlations between the outdoor and the indoor pollutants levels can be explained in terms of the building characteristics. The results of the model application fit well the experimental data and the consequent theoretical estimates made in this work; in fact, they are consistent with very low values of air exchange ratio of the building. These results can be used to define a specific "Performance Index" (PI) of the building, expressed as the percentage of time in which the microclimatic parameters of the library (i.e. the thermo-hygrometric values) do not match the recommended values. Furthermore, they can also provide a first step, based on experimental data, for the development, in close collaboration with the conservation scientists, of a methodology for risk assessment, specifically to be used for cultural heritage housed in museums, galleries and archives. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Andretta, Massimo; Coppola, Floriana] Univ Bologna, Sch Sci, Alma Mater, Ravenna Campus,Via Agr 5, I-48123 Ravenna, RA, Italy. [Seccia, Leonardo] Univ Bologna, Dept Math, Sch Engn & Architecture, Via Fontanelle 40, I-47121 Forli, FC, Italy. [Seccia, Leonardo] Univ Bologna, CAI Lab Archeoengn Lab Alma Mater, Via Fontanelle 40, I-47121 Forli, FC, Italy. RP Andretta, M (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Sch Sci, Alma Mater, Ravenna Campus,Via Agr 5, I-48123 Ravenna, RA, Italy. EM massimo.andretta@unibo.it; coppola.floriana@gmail.com; leonardo.seccia@unibo.it OI Andretta, Massimo/0000-0003-0985-366X; Coppola, Floriana/0000-0002-2551-613X CR Andretta M., 2015, ADV APPL IND BIOMATE Andretta M, 2015, INT J QUAL RES, V9, P299 [Anonymous], 1999, 10829 UNI ARPA (Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell'Ambiente), 2014, RAPP QUAL AR PROV RA Bernardi A, 2008, MICROCLIMATE INSIDE Blades N., 2007, P 7 EC C SAUV SAF CU, P363 Blades N., 2002, ICOM COMMITTEE CONSE, P9 Camuffo D, 1999, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V236, P135, DOI 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00262-4 Camuffo D, 2001, ATMOS ENVIRON, V35, pS127 CAMUFFO D, 1998, [No title captured] Cape JN, 2009, CRIT REV ANAL CHEM, V39, P289, DOI 10.1080/10408340903001375 CEN European Committee for Standardization, 2007, 15251 CEN EUR COMM S Corgnati S., 2006, P 3 INT C RES BUILD Corgnati SP, 2009, BUILD ENVIRON, V44, P1253, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.09.012 Ente Italiano di Normazione, 1997, 10586 UNI Fabbri P., 1981, CULTURA VITA CIVILE, P27 Fernandes F. 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A., 2014, FUNDAMENTALS AIR POL, P579 Weschler CJ, 2000, INDOOR AIR, V10, P269, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0668.2000.010004269.x NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 17 BP 75 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.07.002 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DH0OU UT WOS:000372484300009 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Galeazzi, F AF Galeazzi, Fabrizio TI Towards the definition of best 3D practices in archaeology: Assessing 3D documentation techniques for intra-site data recording SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE 3D documentation; Archaeological excavation; Laser scanner; Image-based modelling; Comparison; 3D practices AB Archaeology is becoming increasingly 'digital'. In the last 10 years, the use of 3D technologies for the documentation of tangible cultural heritage has changed the way to approach archaeological intra-site survey. These technologies allow for the reproduction of 3D replicas of sites and monuments and have proven to be a powerful tool for the documentation and preservation of the archaeological record. However, the full integration of 3D technologies in archaeological field methods requires the definition of best documentation practices and methods of accurate assessment of the acquired data. In fact, although the use of 3D laser scanners, computer vision and photogrammetric methods is now well established, there are no convincing quantitative comparisons between laser scanning and image-based modelling techniques for the acquisition of archaeological stratigraphy in extreme environmental and lighting conditions. In this sense the 3D documentation of the archaeological site of Las Cuevas, Belize, represented an important opportunity to test and compare phase shift variation laser scanning and image-based modelling techniques in an environment characterized by very high humidity and variability in lighting. This study compared both the accuracy and density reliability of 3D models showing how the different 3D documentation techniques can be integrated for the recording of the excavation process. The research presented in this paper provides an accurate data assessment representing a concrete starting point for the definition of a sharable and overall methodology that will help to define best 3D practices for the documentation of archaeological sites. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Galeazzi, Fabrizio] Univ York, Dept Archaeol, York YO1 7EP, N Yorkshire, England. RP Galeazzi, F (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Archaeol, York YO1 7EP, N Yorkshire, England. EM fabrizio.galeazzi@york.ac.uk OI Galeazzi, Fabrizio/0000-0003-2653-2198 FU University of California Humanities Network FX Last, but not least, I would like to express my special thanks to my Ph.D. advisor Mark Aldenderfer for his help and guidance in the brainstorming stage and design of this research, and the University of California Humanities Network which supported me in the final part of this study. 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PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 17 BP 159 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.07.005 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DH0OU UT WOS:000372484300018 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Oppio, A Bottero, M Ferretti, V Fratesi, U Ponzini, D Pracchi, V AF Oppio, Alessandra Bottero, Marta Ferretti, Valentina Fratesi, Ugo Ponzini, Davide Pracchi, Valeria TI Giving space to multicriteria analysis for complex cultural heritage systems: The case of the castles in Valle D'Aosta Region, Italy SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Cultural built heritage; Multicriteria decision analysis; GIS; Mountainous areas; Tangible and intangible values AB When dealing with cultural built heritage, the enhancement strategies are generally rooted on the history and based on the embedded values of cultural goods themselves, rather than on the multiplicity of their tangible and intangible values. Furthermore, the current state of the art in cultural heritage management lacks of an appropriate legislation and adequate instruments to be used by decision makers in order to achieve a holistic vision of the problem. Traditionally, decisions are made just by allocating resources case by case and by adopting policies based on simplifications of reality. In addition to dissipation of resources and unsuccessful results, this approach highlights the need of using an evaluative framework starting from the early stages of the decision-making processes. In the above perspective, the paper explores the use of multicriteria-spatial decision support systems (MC-SDSS) in order to define enhancement strategies for cultural built heritage. The integration among different evaluation methodologies (SWOT analysis and analytic network process) and tools with spatial analysis strengthens the explorative role of this kind of approaches. In this research the MC-SDSS has been applied to a system of thirteen castles in a mountainous region in the North of Italy. The study has been carried out with a special attention to the mutual relationship among this system of goods and the surroundings, according to a multidimensional structure of analysis. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Oppio, Alessandra; Ponzini, Davide] Politecn Milan, Dept Architecture & Urban Studies DAStU, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Bottero, Marta; Ferretti, Valentina] Politecn Torino, Interuniv Dept Reg & Urban Studies & Planning DIS, I-10125 Tourin, Italy. [Fratesi, Ugo; Pracchi, Valeria] Politecn Milan, Dept Architecture Built Environm & Construct Engn, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Oppio, A (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dept Architecture & Urban Studies DAStU, Via Bonardi 3, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM alessandra.oppio@polimi.it; marta.bottero@polito.it; valentina.ferretti@polito.it; ugo.fratesi@polimi.it; valeria.pracchi@polimi.it RI Ferretti, Valentina/R-3073-2017 OI Ferretti, Valentina/0000-0002-6656-0049; FRATESI, UGO/0000-0002-0755-460X; Bottero, Marta/0000-0001-8983-2628 CR Avrami E., 2000, VALUES HERITAGE CONS BEINAT E, 1997, [No title captured] BOURDIEAU P, 1986, [No title captured] Bowitz E, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.09.002 Camagni R, 2009, ELGAR ORIG REF, P118 Cerreia M., 2012, ICCSA 2012 2, P54 Ercolano S., 2013, MULTICRITERIA MULTIA, P151 Ferretti V., 2013, GEOINGEGNERIA AMBIEN, P53 Ferretti V, 2014, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V8581, P667, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09150-1_49 Figueira J, 2005, INT SER OPER RES MAN, V78, P1, DOI 10.1007/b100605 GIAOUTZI M, 2006, [No title captured] Girard LF, 2007, CENT EUROP J OPER RE, V15, P281, DOI 10.1007/s10100-007-0031-1 GORLA G, 2007, LAVORARE VIVERE MONT Hamadouche M. 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PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 16 IS 6 BP 779 EP 789 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.03.003 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DA1GW UT WOS:000367545300001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ding, LP Wu, XG Zhang, LM Skibniewski, MJ AF Ding, Liping Wu, Xianguo Zhang, Limao Skibniewski, Miroslaw J. TI How to protect historical buildings against tunnel-induced damage: A case study in China SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historical buildings; Safety and protection; Numerical simulation; Tunneling environments; Case study ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; SAFETY; MOVEMENT; ADJACENT; MODEL AB This paper presents a holistic approach for safety and protection of historical buildings adjacent to tunneling excavation. A finite element model is built to simulate the impact of tunneling excavation on the distribution of structural stress of historical buildings, in order to determine stress concentration regions in materials and structures subjected to forces or loads. Some corresponding reinforcement measures are proposed according to simulative results, aiming to improve its structural integrity and rigidity of historical buildings to satisfy the load-bearing requirements prior to construction. The effectiveness of the adoption of reinforcement measures against tunnel-induced building damage is validated using a two-stage numerical simulation process, where the impact of the tunneling excavation on the deformation of surrounding soils and building foundations is simulated separately, given the reinforcement measures are implemented. A case in relating to the protection of a historical building of Roots' formal residence (RFR) adjacent to the construction of a twin tunnel, Wuhan Yangtze River Tunnel (WYRT) in China, is presented, where the tunnel in the east line passes under the foundation of RFR, and the nearest receiving shaft foundation in the west line is only 1.4 m away from the building foundation edge of RFR. Results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach, as well as its application potential. The proposed approach can be used as a decision tool to provide some positive guidelines on the protection of historical buildings, and thus increase the likelihood of a successful project in tunneling environments. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ding, Liping] China Univ Geosci, Sch Econ & Management, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Wu, Xianguo; Zhang, Limao] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Mech, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Skibniewski, Miroslaw J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Skibniewski, Miroslaw J.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Theoret & Appl Informat, Gliwice, Poland. RP Zhang, LM (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Mech, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM limao_zhang@hotmail.com RI Skibniewski, Miroslaw J./P-5310-2018 OI Zhang, Limao/0000-0002-7245-3741; Skibniewski, Miroslaw/0000-0002-7102-753X CR Arjunan A, 2013, BUILD ENVIRON, V67, P202, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.05.021 Azadi M, 2013, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V37, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2013.03.002 Bobet A, 2001, J ENG MECH-ASCE, V127, P1258, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2001)127:12(1258) BOSCARDIN MD, 1989, J GEOTECH ENG-ASCE, V115, P1, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1989)115:1(1) Burd HJ, 2000, P I CIVIL ENG-GEOTEC, V143, P17, DOI 10.1680/geng.2000.143.1.17 Cheng CY, 2007, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V22, P450, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2006.08.002 Clarke JA, 2014, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V40, P333, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2013.10.014 Cook R. D, 1994, FINITE ELEMENT MODEL Dimmock PS, 2008, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V23, P438, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2007.08.001 Ding LY, 2014, SAFETY SCI, V62, P8, DOI 10.1016/j.ssci.2013.07.021 Drysdale R.G., 1994, MASONRY STRUCTURES B Dutta M, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, P237, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.09.007 Eslami A, 2012, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V35, P251, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.002 Ho DCW, 2008, BUILD ENVIRON, V43, P764, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.01.035 Huang MS, 2009, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V24, P410, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2008.11.005 Kitiyodom P, 2005, INT J NUMER ANAL MET, V29, P1485, DOI 10.1002/nag.469 Kutut V, 2014, ARCH CIV MECH ENG, V14, P287, DOI 10.1016/j.acme.2013.10.007 Liu JF, 2012, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V28, P287, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2011.12.005 Maleki M, 2011, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V26, P524, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2011.02.006 Mirhabibi A, 2013, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V38, P224, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2013.07.003 Mirhabibi A, 2012, TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH, V29, P40, DOI 10.1016/j.tust.2011.12.009 Moropoulou A, 2013, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V48, P1222, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.03.044 Mosoarca M, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, pE29, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.11.015 Mosoarca M, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, pE65, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.11.018 PECK R B, 1969, P 7 INT C SOIL MECH, P225 Rashid RA, 2011, PROCEDIA ENGINEER, V20, DOI 10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.185 Shi CL, 2012, SAFETY SCI, V50, P1319, DOI 10.1016/j.ssci.2010.07.017 Yoo C, 2008, COMPUT GEOTECH, V35, P231, DOI 10.1016/j.compgeo.2007.05.002 Zhang DL, 2013, J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON, V139, P903, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000823 Zhang LM, 2013, BUILD ENVIRON, V65, P185, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.04.008 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2015 VL 16 IS 6 BP 904 EP 911 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2015.03.001 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA DA1GW UT WOS:000367545300017 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Kilic, G AF Kilic, Gokhan TI Using advanced NDT for historic buildings: Towards an integrated multidisciplinary health assessment strategy SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Health monitoring and assessment; Ground penetrating radar (GPR); Thermal imaging; NDT; Historic building ID INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY; CONCRETE AB This study aims to enhance the body of knowledge available in relation to the mechanical performance of historical structures and the assessment of the expected service life of such structures. The reliability of non-destructive techniques (NDT) is examined, in particular in connection with the technique's application to a historic Ottoman building located in Urla, Izmir, Turkey. NDT techniques are effective in the identification of such defects as cavities and water ingress hidden within a structure, in addition to providing information on material properties. This research is unique in utilizing NDT within a multidisciplinary assessment strategy to demonstrate its value within the field and will be of particular interest to structural engineers and architects. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Kilic, Gokhan] Izmir Univ Econ, Dept Civil Engn, Izmir, Turkey. RP Kilic, G (reprint author), Sakarya Cad 156, TR-35330 Izmir, Turkey. EM gokhan.kilic@ieu.edu.tr CR Akyol A.A., 2007, TMMOB INS MUH OD ANK, P293 Akyol A.A., 2008, ANKARA U BASKENT MES Alani AM, 2014, NDT&E INT, V61, P80, DOI 10.1016/j.ndteint.2013.10.001 Avdelidis NP, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P119, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2003.07.002 Bosiljkov V, 2010, J CULT HERIT, V11, P239, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.11.007 BRINDLEY GW, 1980, [No title captured] Cerdeira F, 2011, ENERG BUILDINGS, V43, P1845, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.03.029 Clark MR, 2003, NDT&E INT, V36, P265, DOI 10.1016/S0963-8695(02)00060-9 Cotic P., 2013, J CULT HERIT, P1 Feigl F., 1966, SPOT TEST ORGANIC AN Gastineau A., 2009, BRIDGE HLTH MONITORI Goncuoglu M.C, 2010, MONOGRAPHY SERIES, V5, P1 Hurlbut C.S., 1971, DANAS MANUAL OF MINE Kerr P.F., 1977, OPTICAL MINERALOGY Kordatos EZ, 2013, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V48, P1261, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.06.062 Lai WL, 2010, CEMENT CONCRETE COMP, V32, P740, DOI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.03.008 Lim MK, 2013, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V38, P1310, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.01.011 Loke MH, 2013, J APPL GEOPHYS, V95, P135, DOI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2013.02.017 Lubowiecka I, 2011, COMPUT STRUCT, V89, P1615, DOI 10.1016/j.compstruc.2011.04.016 Martinez I, 2013, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V40, P352, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.09.091 Maser K.R., 2009, NDTCE09 NONDESTRUCTI Means R. 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Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2015 VL 16 IS 4 BP 526 EP 535 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.09.010 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA CY7FQ UT WOS:000366574300014 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Teza, G Pesci, A Trevisani, S AF Teza, Giordano Pesci, Arianna Trevisani, Sebastiano TI Multisensor surveys of tall historical buildings in high seismic hazard areas before and during a seismic sequence SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Terrestrial laser scanning; Thermal imaging; Operational modal analysis; Stratigraphy; Soil-structure interaction; Masonry ID IDENTIFICATION; DEPTH AB A seismic sequence that included a moment magnitude M-W = 5.9 earthquake struck three regions of Northern Italy (Emilia Romagna, Veneto and Lombardy) in May-June 2012. The sequence caused significant damage to several historical buildings and in some cases caused complete structural collapse. Cracks appeared in the belfry and cusp of the 69 m high, similar to 3 degrees leaning bell tower of Ficarolo (Rovigo). A project aimed at studying the geometry of the tower, possible local seismic amplification and soil-structure interaction began in early 2013 before the earthquake. The data were provided by terrestrial laser scanning, low-cost operational modal analysis and geophysical measurements. The repetition of the surveys during and after the seismic sequence, which was augmented by thermal imaging measurements, allowed an evaluation of the changes caused by the earthquake. In addition to an evaluation of the damage, the data allowed the development of a method based on fast and relatively low-cost measurements that provide useful information for cultural heritage management purposes. The results highlighted that the surveys can be carried out during a seismic emergency and that preventive measures can be carried out underreasonable time and budget constraints in high seismic hazard areas. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Teza, Giordano] Univ Padua, Dept Geosci, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Pesci, Arianna] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Bologna, I-40128 Bologna, Italy. [Trevisani, Sebastiano] Univ IUAV Venice, Dept Architecture Construct & Conservat, I-30135 Venice, Italy. RP Teza, G (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Geosci, Via Gradenigo 6, I-35131 Padua, Italy. EM giordano.teza@unipd.it OI PESCI, Arianna/0000-0003-1863-3132; trevisani, sebastiano/0000-0001-8436-7798; Teza, Giordano/0000-0002-6902-5033 FU Veneto Region, POR CRO FESR, action 1.1.1 FX The authors wish to thank Monsignor Giancarlo Crepaldi, parish archpriest of S. Antonino Church in Ficarolo, Massimiliano Furini, architect of the Rovigo Episcopate, and Matteo Previato, technician of the Ficarolo Municipality, for the bell tower entry authorization and the information kindly provided. The authors are very grateful to firemen of Castelmassa Detachment (Rovigo) for their support in OMA measurements in seismic crisis conditions. The ReMi/MASW instrument was purchased within the project, co-financed by Veneto Region, POR CRO FESR 2007-2013, action 1.1.1. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 16 IS 3 BP 255 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.06.008 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA CI1ZH UT WOS:000354543400001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Rodrigues, JD AF Rodrigues, Jose Delgado TI Defining, mapping and assessing deterioration patterns in stone conservation projects SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Deterioration patterns; Mapping; Deterioration assessment; Stone conservation; Black crusts; Dry-laid stone constructions AB Deterioration patterns are the visible consequences of the impact of environment factors on the stone objects. They depend on the type and severity of the external agents and on the type of substrate and its vulnerabilities. When properly understood, they may serve as key-indicators of the decay processes and of the possible causes of the observed damage. Correctly describing the deterioration patterns is an essential requisite when studying exposed stone objects, to understand the problems, to identify conservation needs and to define conservation actions. This paper discusses a few types of deterioration patterns to illustrate the need of choosing accurate definitions to describe them with the aim of reducing ambiguity when crossing the border between theory and practical application. The paper discusses a few deterioration patterns (detachment forms, black crusts and patina) that are currently found in conservation of built cultural heritage to highlight the importance of reducing the ambiguity that is frequently associated to such descriptive terms, aiming at better using them when acting in the passage from diagnostics to conservation actions. When mapping the spatial distribution of deterioration patterns, the most widely used methodologies are appropriate for scientific studies, but their usefulness to prepare and implement conservation interventions is much smaller. The paper proposes an innovative methodology to identify, describe and classify conservation problems and to prepare the documentation to support the tender documents in conservation interventions. A new methodology to help assessing the risk of structural instability and to help defining priorities in maintenance strategies in dry-stone laid constructions is presented. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Lab Civil Engn, P-1700066 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Rodrigues, JD (reprint author), Natl Lab Civil Engn, Ave Brasil 101, P-1700066 Lisbon, Portugal. EM delgado@lnec.pt OI Delgado Rodrigues, Jose/0000-0002-5180-6130 FU World Monuments Fund Spain FX The author acknowledges the exchange of opinions with Jose Aguiar and Nuno Proenca on the mapping methodology and Sandra Alves for her diligence in its implementation in Arco da Rua Augusta. Atelier 15 coordinated the conservation intervention project. The study on the Segovia Aqueduct was sponsored by World Monuments Fund Spain. Thanks are due to Pablo Longoria and Norma Barbacci for their confidence and support. The fieldwork was diligently and professionally carried out by Carlos Sanz and a team of Nova Conservacao, Lda. CR [Anonymous], 1990, ALT MACR MAT LAP LES Fitzner B, 2002, UNDERSTANDING MANAGI, P11 Henriques F, 2004, MAT PETREOS SIMILARE ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments ans Sites), 2008, ILL GLOSS STON DET P Ordaz J., 1988, MATER CONSTRUCC, V209, P39 Rodrigues J. Delgado, 1991, ICOMOS STONE C UNPUB Rodrigues J. Delgado, 2013, SEGOVIA AQUEDU UNPUB NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 16 IS 3 BP 267 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.06.007 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA CI1ZH UT WOS:000354543400002 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Karaca, F AF Karaca, Ferhat TI An AHP-based indoor Air Pollution Risk Index Method for cultural heritage collections SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Risk Condition Index; Cultural heritage; Risk management; Indoor air quality; Collection management; Istanbul ID DOSE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; PARTICULATE MATTER AB The identification of risk factors and levels for cultural heritage collections in museums, archives, and libraries is an important part of their risk management plans. Air pollutants are some of the most important risk factors, and their synergic impacts on material deformations are well known; thus, they have become important criteria in collection risk management plans. Pollution levels and their potential sources should be identified, monitored, and assessed within such risk management plans. Although pollution identification and monitoring methods are well-known practices, the assessment methodologies are not yet sufficiently developed. In this study, a novel air pollution condition indexing assessment method based on an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the so-called Air Quality Risk Condition Index (AQRCI), is suggested. It quantifies the relative potential synergic impacts (e.g., soiling and color change, salt crystallization, metal corrosion, biodegradation, swelling/shrinkage, loss of strength, cracking, and embrittlement) of measured pollution levels on collection materials in any selected location. The proposed method is based on quantitative (gaseous and particulate pollutant levels) and qualitative (pairwise comparison scores for associated risks) data. Dolmabahce Palace was selected as a study site, and the proposed AQRCI method was used to present the relative risk levels for five different categories in several indoor locations where the Dolmabahce Palace collections are being presented. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Fatih Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-34500 Istanbul, Buyukcekmece, Turkey. RP Karaca, F (reprint author), Fatih Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-34500 Istanbul, Buyukcekmece, Turkey. EM fkaraca@fatih.edu.tr RI Karaca, Ferhat/G-2353-2011 FU TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [109Y272]; General Secretariat of TBMM (Turkish Grand National Assembly); Department of National Palaces; Dolmabahce Palace management and personnel FX The author of this study acknowledges that this project was financially supported by TUBITAK under project number 109Y272. He would like to thank the General Secretariat of TBMM (Turkish Grand National Assembly), the Department of National Palaces, and the Dolmabahce Palace management and personnel for their support and assistance. He would also like to give a special thanks to Zeynep Ozturk and Feyza Ozdemir for their assistance in sampling and in the analyses. CR Agbota H., 2012, GUIDELINES AIR POLLU [Anonymous], 2006, RAD OZ O3 METH, pG1 [Anonymous], 2006, RAD ALD METH, pC1 [Anonymous], 2006, RAD NITR SULF DIOX N, pF1 Belis CA, 2013, ATMOS ENVIRON, V69, P94, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.11.009 Cardell C, 2003, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V17, P165, DOI 10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00104-6 Cuccia E, 2013, ATMOS ENVIRON, V67, P14, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.10.045 Fenech A, 2010, ATMOS ENVIRON, V44, P2067, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.021 Ghedini N, 2011, ATMOS ENVIRON, V45, P5979, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.001 Hillhouse S., 2012, ASSESS MANAGE RISK C Huijbregts Z, 2012, BUILD ENVIRON, V55, P43, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.01.008 Karaca F., 2012, 109Y272 TUBITAK Kioussi A, 2013, J CULT HERIT, V14, pE141, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.01.007 Kocak M, 2011, ATMOS ENVIRON, V45, P6891, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.007 Leuenberger-Minger AU, 2002, CORROS SCI, V44, P675, DOI 10.1016/S0010-938X(01)00097-X Menart E, 2011, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V96, P2029, DOI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.09.002 Metaxa E, 2009, J HAZARD MATER, V164, P592, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.114 Pitz M, 2003, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V37, P4336, DOI 10.1021/es034322p Saaty TL, 2012, MODELS METHODS CONCE Srivastava A, 2007, CHEMOSPHERE, V68, P579, DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.12.046 Strlic M, 2011, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V96, P608, DOI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.12.017 Szigeti T, 2013, MICROCHEM J, V107, P86, DOI 10.1016/j.microc.2012.05.029 Theodosi C, 2010, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V408, P2482, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.02.039 Watt J, 2008, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V400, P415, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.024 NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 16 IS 3 BP 352 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.06.012 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA CI1ZH UT WOS:000354543400013 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Robbiola, L Queixalos, I Zwick, A Basle, K Daniel, F Drieux-Daguerre, M Ducom, PJF Fritsch, J AF Robbiola, Luc Queixalos, Inocencia Zwick, Antoine Basle, Katia Daniel, Floreal Drieux-Daguerre, Monique Ducom, Patrick J. F. Fritsch, Jerome TI Disinfestation of historical buildings - corrosion evaluation of four fumigants on standard metals SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Infestation; Fumigation; Metal; Corrosion; Methodology; Spectrocolorimetry; Electrochemistry; Raman spectroscopy; Pollutant; Methyl bromide alternatives ID ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION; RAMAN; ADSORPTION; SULFIDE; COPPER AB This study aims for providing adapted solutions for disinfestation of cultural buildings and collections in place of the use of methyl bromide, ozone depleting substance recently forbidden. It reports on a two-step corrosion test assessing the corrosive activity (corrosivity) of alternative fumigants. Four candidate fumigants are investigated: sulfuryl fluoride (SF), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), phosphine (PH3) and cyanogen (EDN) in conjunction with five standard metals: silver (Ag), tin (Sn), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu). The applied procedure is detailed including the fumigation protocol and the description of a specific electrochemical twin cells device. The surface evolution of metallic coupons after fumigation treatments and after hygrothermal ageing (35 degrees C, 95% RH) is compared to a blank reference series (indoor atmosphere). Results from colorimetry and electrochemical (linear sweep voltammetry) measurements, completed by Raman spectroscopy investigation show that each fumigant differently affects metals both in amplitude (amount of surface species) and in composition (nature of corrosion products). Sulfuryl fluoride (SF) can be recommended for cultural heritage but care has to be taken in presence of Pb, Sn and Cu. DMDS is also a good alternative candidate, however, it affects greatly Cu coloration and promotes Pb corrosion. Phosphine (PH3) is dramatic for Cu and has to be avoided while the efficient biocide EDN increases corrosion of Ag and Cu even if low color variation is observed. It is strongly recommended for selecting the fumigant to properly identify the metallic artefacts prior fumigation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Robbiola, Luc] Univ Toulouse, Lab TRACES UMR 5608, CNRS, F-31000 Toulouse, France. [Zwick, Antoine] CNRS, CEMES, F-31055 Toulouse 4, France. [Basle, Katia] Ctr Interdisciplinaire Conservat & Restaurat Patr, F-13003 Marseille, France. [Daniel, Floreal] Univ Bordeaux Montaigne, IRAMAT CRPAA, UMR CNRS 5060, Inst Rech Archeomat, F-33607 Pessac, France. [Drieux-Daguerre, Monique] Lab Mat Viva, F-31200 Toulouse, France. [Ducom, Patrick J. F.; Fritsch, Jerome] LNDS QUALIS, Lab Natl Etud Tech Fumigat & Protect Denrees Stoc, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. [Ducom, Patrick J. F.] CaptSystemes, F-33310 Lormont, France. [Fritsch, Jerome] Minist Agr, SRAL, DRAAF, F-40100 Dax, France. RP Robbiola, L (reprint author), Univ Toulouse, Lab TRACES UMR 5608, CNRS, 5 Allees A Machado, F-31000 Toulouse, France. EM robbiola@univ-tlse2.fr; iqueixalos@orange.fr OI Robbiola, Luc/0000-0002-1614-9921 CR Basle K., 2011, LETT OCIM CONSERVATI, V138, P24 Bermejo D, 1997, J MOL SPECTROSC, V186, P144, DOI 10.1006/jmsp.1997.7417 Bernard M., 2009, E PRESERVATION SCI, V6, P101 Bernard MC, 2009, ELECTROCHIM ACTA, V54, P5199, DOI 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.01.036 Bernard MC, 2005, CORROS SCI, V47, P663, DOI 10.1016/j.corsci.2004.07.015 Bertholon R., 1993, ACT 7 RENC ANN GROUP, P1 Binker G., 1993, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Insect Pests in the Urban Environment., P51 Binker G., 2011, Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, V43, P229 BOND EJ, 1984, J STORED PROD RES, V20, P57, DOI 10.1016/0022-474X(84)90010-9 Brigham R. 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F., 2006, Proceedings of the 9th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, ABRAPOS, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, 15-18 October 2006, P510 ELHINNAWI MA, 1985, J RAMAN SPECTROSC, V16, P272, DOI 10.1002/jrs.1250160410 Franceschi E, 2006, J CULT HERIT, V7, P166, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.03.001 Fritsch J., 2002, P INT C ALT METH BRO, p[340, 321] Ghosh D, 2009, MOL PHYS, V107, P1811, DOI 10.1080/00268970903078591 Goidanich S, 2010, J CULT HERIT, V11, P288, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2010.02.001 GREEN LR, 1995, STUD CONSERV, V40, P145, DOI 10.2307/1506472 Hayez V., 2006, USES MICRORAMAN SPEC Jouen S, 2002, SURF INTERFACE ANAL, V34, P192, DOI 10.1002/sia.1281 Kigawa R., 1999, BUNKAZAI HOZON SYUHU, V43, P12 Kigawa R, 2011, STUD CONSERV, V56, P191, DOI 10.1179/204705811X13110713013272 Koestler R., 1993, STUD CONSERV, V38, P265 Lim JK, 2006, CHEM PHYS, V330, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.08.020 Martina I., 2012, E PRESERV SCI, V9, P1 Noh J, 2007, CURR APPL PHYS, V7, P605, DOI 10.1016/j.cap.2006.12.007 Prabhakaran S., 2006, 9 INT WORK C STOR PR, P635 Ryan R., 2006, 9 INT WORK C STOR PR, P624 SCHWARTZ M, 1974, CHEM PHYS LETT, V25, P26, DOI 10.1016/0009-2614(74)80324-6 Su N.-Y., 1992, P 2 INT C BIOD CULT, P434 Tran TTM, 2003, CORROS SCI, V45, P2787, DOI 10.1016/S0010-938X(03)00112-4 NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 16 IS 1 BP 15 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.02.004 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA AZ8GW UT WOS:000348454300002 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Cacciotti, R Blasko, M Valach, J AF Cacciotti, Riccardo Blasko, Miroslav Valach, Jaroslav TI A diagnostic ontological model for damages to historical constructions SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historical constructions; Conservation; Ontologies; Damage; Diagnosis AB Understanding damages to cultural heritage represents a very complex task based on a multidisciplinary interpretation of gathered information. Integrating the knowledge of different branches of science related to cultural heritage protection into a comprehensive knowledge-based system allows endorsing professional decision-making processes with the particular scope to mitigate the challenge posed by damage diagnosis to both expert and non-expert users. This paper proposes a model attempting to convey the benefits of modern ontological know-how to the management and processing of information concerning the diagnostic phase. The methodology consists in translating the professional approach to diagnosis of damages into a computer readable form able to replicate the assessment procedure, step by step, towards a feasible intervention. An overview of possible applications to conservation practice, such as the development of a mobile application dedicated to damage surveying and assessment, is also presented. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Cacciotti, Riccardo; Valach, Jaroslav] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Theoret & Appl Mech, UTAM AV CR, Vvi, Prague 19000 9, Czech Republic. [Blasko, Miroslav] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Elect Engn, Prague 16627, Czech Republic. RP Cacciotti, R (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Theoret & Appl Mech, UTAM AV CR, Vvi, Prosecka 76, Prague 19000 9, Czech Republic. EM cacciotti@itam.cas.cz; blaskmir@fel.cvut.cz; valach@itam.cas.cz RI Valach, Jaroslav/F-8146-2014; Cacciotti, Riccardo/H-2109-2014 OI Valach, Jaroslav/0000-0002-9185-1534; CR Al-Jadir L, 2010, DATA KNOWL ENG, V69, P1158, DOI 10.1016/j.datak.2010.07.006 [Anonymous], 2005, 010101 CSN Blasko M., 2012, PROGR CULTURAL HERIT, P221, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-34234-9_22 Carper K. L., 1988, FORENSIC ENG Croci G, 2000, J CULT HERIT, V1, P7, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(99)00119-3 Crofts N., DEFINITION CIDOC CON Doerr M, 2003, AI MAG, V24, P75 Doerr M., 2010, P WORLD LIB INF C 76 Doerr Martin, 2009, HDB ONTOLOGIES, P463, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-92673-321 Douglas J., 2007, UNDERSTANDING BUILDI Drdacky M., 1993, P 3 INT C LESS STRUC Drdacky M. F., 2001, FORENSIC ENG INVESTI, P165 Gruber T, 2009, ENCY DATABASE SYSTEM Heath Tom, 2011, SYNTHESIS LECT SEMAN, V1, P1, DOI [DOI 10.2200/S00334ED1V01Y201102WBE001, 10.2200/s00334ed1v01y201102wbe001] Houghton-Evans R. W., 2005, WELL BUILT ICOMOS-ISCS, 2010, ILL GLOSS STON DET P ISCARSAH, 2003, REC AN CONS STRUCT R MIDAS, 2012, HER UK HIST ENV DAT Motik B., OWL 2 WEB ONTOLOGY L Nisheva-Pavlova M., 2008, ONTOLOGY BASED ACCES, V12, P9 OKon J. A., 1993, P 3 INT C LESS STRUC Thornes R., 1999, DOCUMENTING CULTURAL UNESCO, 2012, C 5 APPR PROGR BUDG NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 16 IS 1 BP 40 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2014.02.002 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA AZ8GW UT WOS:000348454300005 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Fardi, T Stefanis, E Panayiotou, C Abbott, S van Loon, S AF Fardi, Theodora Stefanis, Emmanuel Panayiotou, Costas Abbott, Steven van Loon, Sander TI Artwork conservation materials and Hansen solubility parameters: A novel methodology towards critical solvent selection SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Hansen solubility parameters; Critical solvent selection; Coatings; Adhesives; Consolidants; Organic colorants; Binders AB In research and in actual conservation practice, conservators have to choose adequate methodologies for carrying out treatments successfully, while respecting the integrity of artworks. Besides the knowledge of the authentic materials present in each artwork, conservators must be able to choose appropriate conservation materials and methods. Solvents are widely used in cleaning, but solubility issues are also of high importance in consolidation treatments as well as in protective coating applications. The central aim of this work is to critically re-assess the potential of Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) for a reliable use in the field of artwork conservation. An effort was made to develop an efficient methodology for critical solvent selection (CSS). For this purpose, two different methods were used for the estimation of various artwork conservation materials. A group-contribution method (GC), based on the chemical composition of materials, was applied for the prediction of HSPs of egg yolk, pine resin and seven red organic colorants (Mexican, Polish and Armenian cochineal, kermes, madder, lac dye and dragon's blood), traditionally used in paintings, textiles and illuminated manuscripts. Additionally, an experimental set up was used for testing the solubility of the commercial products of synthetic conservation materials, Primal AC-532K, Beva gel 371 a and b (old and new formula) and a commercial matt varnish made of dammar and wax. With the direct use of Hansen solubility parameters and the relative energy difference (RED) between various materials it was made possible to carry out ad hoc "virtual" solubility tests that may apply to real and complex systems such as cultural heritage artworks. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Fardi, Theodora; Stefanis, Emmanuel; Panayiotou, Costas] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Chem Engn, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [Abbott, Steven] TCNF Ltd, Ipswich, Suffolk, England. [van Loon, Sander] Chem Innovat BV, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Panayiotou, C (reprint author), Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Chem Engn, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. EM cpanayio@auth.gr OI Abbott, Steven/0000-0002-7369-4408 CR Abbott S., 2013, HANSEN SOLUBILITY PA Bicerano J., 2002, PREDICTION POLYM PRO Bomford D., 1989, ART MAKING ITALIAN P BURKE J, 1984, [No title captured], V3, P13 Colombini M.P., 2009, ORGANIC MASS SPECTRO Cremonesi P., 1997, MAT METODI PULITURA Cremonesi P., 2004, SOLVENT ORGANIC NELL de Graaft J. H. Hofenk, 2004, COLOURFUL ORIGINS CH Feller RL, 1985, PICTURE VARNISHES TH Gettens R. J., 1966, PAINTING MAT SHORT E Hansen C., 1967, 3 DIMENSIONAL SOLUBI Hansen C. 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Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 15 IS 6 BP 583 EP 594 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.11.006 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA AU3PW UT WOS:000345526800001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ferretti, V Bottero, M Mondini, G AF Ferretti, Valentina Bottero, Marta Mondini, Giulio TI Decision making and cultural heritage: An application of the Multi-Attribute Value Theory for the reuse of historical buildings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Multicriteria Decision Analysis; Value function; Swing method; Territorial transformations; Total Economic Value AB The reuse of historical buildings can be seen as a complex decision problem because of the presence of different objectives to be pursued, the public/private nature of the goods under investigation, the existence of several values (historical, artistic, cultural, economic, etc.), the presence of different actors (public government representatives, architects, architectural historians, developers and owners). In decision problems related to the reuse of historical assets conflicts can arise and the availability of analytical frameworks able to support the process is getting more and more important. It has been generally agreed that Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) can offer a formal methodology to deal with such decision problems, taking into account the available technical information and stakeholders' values. This paper considers the problem of sustainability assessment in cultural heritage projects using the Multi-Attribute Value Theory (MAVT) approach, which is a particular kind of MCDA technique. Starting from a real case concerning the reuse of historical buildings in the metropolitan area of Torino (Italy), the paper aims at exploring the contribution of MAVT for decision problems in the field of cultural heritage. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ferretti, Valentina; Bottero, Marta; Mondini, Giulio] Politecn Torino, Dept Reg & Urban Studies & Planning, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RP Bottero, M (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Reg & Urban Studies & Planning, Viale Mattioli 39, I-10125 Turin, Italy. EM valentina.ferretti@polito.it; marta.bottero@polito.it; giulio.mondini@polito.it RI Ferretti, Valentina/R-3073-2017 OI Ferretti, Valentina/0000-0002-6656-0049; Bottero, Marta/0000-0001-8983-2628 CR Abastante F., 2012, GEOINGEGNERIA AMBIEN, V137, P45 Baez A, 2012, J CULT HERIT, V13, P235, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2010.12.005 Bana E, 1994, INT T OPER RES, V1, P489, DOI DOI 10.1016/0969-6016(94)90010-8 BEINAT E, 1997, [No title captured] Belton V., 2002, MULTIPLE CRITERIA DE Bobbio L., 2004, PIU VOCI AMMINISTRAZ Bottarelli M, 2014, ALLIANCE NATURE POLI, P1 Bryan BA, 2010, ECOSYSTEMS, V13, P539, DOI 10.1007/s10021-010-9339-0 Cerreta M, 2012, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V7334, P54, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-31075-1_5 Choo EU, 1999, COMPUT IND ENG, V37, P527, DOI 10.1016/S0360-8352(00)00019-X COSTANZA R, 1992, CONSERV BIOL, V6, P37, DOI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1992.610037.x Di Bitonto P, 2010, LECT NOTES ARTIF INT, V6277, P64, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-15390-7_7 Dutta M, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, P237, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.09.007 European Commission, 2008, GUID COST BEN AN INV Ferretti V, 2013, ECOL INDIC, V34, P507, DOI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.06.005 Figueira J, 2005, INT SER OPER RES MAN, V78, P1, DOI 10.1007/b100605 Fishburn P.C., 1967, MANAGE SCI, V13, P435, DOI DOI 10.1287/MNSC.13.7.435 French S., 1988, READING DECISION ANA Giove S, 2010, J MULTI-CRITERIA DEC, V17, P85, DOI 10.1002/mcda.455 Girard L. 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L., 1980, ANAL HIERARCHY PROCE Sanchez-Lopez R, 2012, ANN OPER RES, V199, P393, DOI 10.1007/s10479-011-0877-4 Schuwirth N, 2012, EUR J OPER RES, V220, P472, DOI 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.01.055 Stellin G, 1998, VALUTAZIONE EC BENI Tarraguel A. Alcaraz, 2012, J CULT HERIT, V13, P453, DOI DOI 10.1016/J.CULHER.2012.01.012 Thorhallsdottir TE, 2007, ENVIRON IMPACT ASSES, V27, P522, DOI 10.1016/j.eiar.2006.12.004 UNESCO, 1972, CONV PROT WORLD CULT Von Winterfeldt D, 1986, DECISION ANAL BEHAV Wang HJ, 2010, EXPERT SYST APPL, V37, P1241, DOI 10.1016/j.eswa.2009.06.034 Yildirim M, 2012, J CULT HERIT, V13, P379, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.01.018 NR 53 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 15 IS 6 BP 644 EP 655 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.12.007 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA AU3PW UT WOS:000345526800009 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Bernardi, A Becherini, F Romero-Sanchez, MD Lopez-Buendia, A Vivarelli, A Pockele, L De Grandi, S AF Bernardi, Adriana Becherini, Francesca Dolores Romero-Sanchez, Maria Lopez-Buendia, Angel Vivarelli, Arianna Pockele, Luc De Grandi, Sandro TI Evaluation of the effect of phase change materials technology on the thermal stability of Cultural Heritage objects SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Thermal energy storage; Phase change materials; Cultural heritage conservation; Thermal gradients; Painting; Gypsum panel; Silicon coating; Wooden panel ID ENERGY-STORAGE; PCM; BUILDINGS AB The use of phase change materials (PCMs) in civil buildings as an effective thermal energy storage solution has been well documented in literature and proven in the field. When applied to Cultural Heritage, PCMs' technology needs to be adapted to specific requirements. Besides the important objectives of economic return and human comfort, the indoor microclimatic conditions have to be suitable for conservation purposes. The application of PCMs' technology to Cultural Heritage has been investigated within the European MESSIB (Multi-source Energy Storage System Integrated in Buildings) project. Firstly, several methodologies of incorporation of PCMs in different materials were studied and tested. The thermal properties of gypsum panels and silicon coatings incorporating micro-encapsulated PCMs in the form of powder and emulsion were analysed in the laboratory. Then, PCMs incorporated in gypsum panels in contact with a wooden panel were tested and their effect on the thermal behaviour of the wooden panel was evaluated under thermal cycles in a climatic chamber. PCMs incorporated in silicon coatings in contact with a painting were also tested. Moreover, gypsum panels containing PCMs were tested in the S. Croce Museum in Florence, Italy, where the microclimatic monitoring has shown thermal conditions potentially dangerous for the works of art preserved. The research performed both in the laboratory and on the field confirmed the effectiveness of the PCMs as thermal storage solutions, but also gave evidence on an important drawback when the material incorporating PCMs is in direct contact with an object of art. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Bernardi, Adriana; Becherini, Francesca; Vivarelli, Arianna] CNR, ISAC, I-35127 Padua, Italy. [Dolores Romero-Sanchez, Maria; Lopez-Buendia, Angel] AIDICO, Technol Inst Construct, Novelda 03660, Spain. [Pockele, Luc; De Grandi, Sandro] RED Srl, I-35129 Padua, Italy. RP Becherini, F (reprint author), CNR, ISAC, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. EM f.becherini@isac.cnr.it; md.romero@aidico.es; luc.pockele@red-srl.com RI Vivarelli, Arianna/Q-1586-2018; Becherini, Francesca/AAD-8969-2020; ROMERO SANCHEZ, MARIA DOLORES/G-4729-2016 OI Vivarelli, Arianna/0000-0001-8009-0621; ROMERO SANCHEZ, MARIA DOLORES/0000-0003-0165-7752; Lopez Buendia, Angel M/0000-0002-0431-2744; BERNARDI, ADRIANA/0000-0002-9850-8843; Becherini, Francesca/0000-0002-8408-0102 FU ECEuropean Commission Joint Research CentreEuropean Community (EC) [FP7-NMP2-LA-2008-211624] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the EC in the frame of the project MESSIB: Multi-source Energy Storage System Integrated in Buildings (FP7-NMP2-LA-2008-211624). Geom. Marco Pancani and the Opera di Santa Croce are gratefully acknowledged for their kind collaboration. CR Bernardi A., 2009, MICROCLIMATE INSIDE Bernardi A., 2010, MONITORAGGIO MICROCL Bernardi A., 2011, MUSEO OPERA SANTA CR Bernardi A., 2011, P INT C EN MAN CULT Cabeza LF, 2011, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V15, P1675, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.018 Chen C, 2008, ENERG BUILDINGS, V40, P882, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.07.002 Farid MM, 2004, ENERG CONVERS MANAGE, V45, P1597, DOI 10.1016/j.enconman.2003.09.015 Khudhair AM, 2004, ENERG CONVERS MANAGE, V45, P263, DOI 10.1016/S0196-8904(03)00131-6 Kuznik F, 2011, RENEW ENERG, V36, P1458, DOI 10.1016/j.renene.2010.11.008 Lupi G., 2009, THESIS U FERRARA ITA Regin AF, 2008, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V12, P2438, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2007.06.009 Romero-Sanchez MD, 2012, APPL THERM ENG, V48, P136, DOI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.05.017 Tyagi VV, 2011, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V15, P1373, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2010.10.006 Tyagi VV, 2007, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V11, P1146, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2005.10.002 Zalba B, 2003, APPL THERM ENG, V23, P251, DOI 10.1016/S1359-4311(02)00192-8 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 15 IS 5 BP 470 EP 478 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.11.002 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA AS2EB UT WOS:000344091500002 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Wu, PS Hsieh, CM Hsu, MF AF Wu, Ping-Sheng Hsieh, Chun-Ming Hsu, Min-Fu TI Using heritage risk maps as an approach to estimating the threat to materials of traditional buildings in Tainan (Taiwan) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Heritage climate; Cultural heritage; Heritage risk; Heritage preservation; Spatial analysis ID STONE AB Academic studies concerning how climate influences Asian heritage are rare. The object of this study was to utilize the concept of heritage climatology together with a spatial analysis approach that includes respective climate parameter risks to cultural heritage sites. The study area, Tainan City, Taiwan, is in a subtropical zone south of the Tropic of Cancer. Tainan has nearly 300 hundred years of rich history and a multicultural background. This study used maps to gain information about potential climactic threats to Tainan's cultural-historical legacy. There are four kinds of map that use ArcGIS to analyse and demarcate regions not only by climate parameters but also by risk to heritage. These four types of map are climate maps, heritage climate maps, heritage maps and heritage risk maps. Climate maps give the short- to medium-term general status of the climate in Tainan City and thus served as the foundation of the other maps used in this study. Heritage climate maps give data concerning index factors that influence wood and stone materials. Heritage maps show locations of cultural heritage sites on an administrative map and categorize them according to their historic value. Heritage risk maps use accumulated calculations to superimpose the heritage climate map onto the heritage map in order to evaluate the risks to heritage sites in certain areas and categorize the levels of risk. Heritage sites in mountainous areas generally need to be protected from heavy rain, whereas downtown city environments, due to the urban heat island effect, require better protection against heat and cracking. By comparison of our field study results and climate risk maps, we found that in urban areas wooden materials have a higher risk of structural cracking, colour fading and bio-degradation, while coastal areas have a higher risk of weathering of stone materials. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Ping-Sheng; Hsu, Min-Fu] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Architecture, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Hsieh, Chun-Ming] Tonji Univ, Green Bldg & New Energy Res Ctr, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Wu, PS (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Architecture, 1 Univ Rd, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. EM pswu@mail.ncku.edu.tw OI Hsieh, Chun-Ming/0000-0002-9289-2872 FU Bureau of Cultural Heritage, Ministry of Culture of Taiwan FX This research was financially supported by the Bureau of Cultural Heritage, Ministry of Culture of Taiwan. CR Bonazza A, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P2039, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.10.067 Brimblecombe P, 2010, CLIMATE CHANGE CULTU, P49 de la Fuente D., 2011, ATMOS ENVIRON, V45, P1245 Grossi CM, 2011, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V409, P2577, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.03.029 Herrera LK, 2004, INT BIODETER BIODEGR, V54, P125, DOI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2004.06.002 Jung F.C., 2011, J CULTURAL PROPERTY, V12, P43 Krupinska B, 2012, MICROCHEM J, V102, P49, DOI 10.1016/j.microc.2011.11.008 METALLO MC, 1995, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V171, P163, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04690-0 Nava S, 2010, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V408, P1403, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.07.030 NORD AG, 1994, ATMOS ENVIRON, V28, P2615, DOI 10.1016/1352-2310(94)90435-9 Ranalli G., 2009, ENCY MICROBIOLOGY, P191, DOI DOI 10.1016/B978-012373944-5.00132-2 Sabbioni C, 2006, PROC MONOGR ENG WATE, P395 Sabbioni C., 2010, ATLAS CLIMATE CHANGE Sandrolini F, 2011, J CULT HERIT, V12, P441, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2011.04.005 Sterflinger Katja, 2010, Fungal Biology Reviews, V24, P47, DOI 10.1016/j.fbr.2010.03.003 Tidblad J, 2012, ATMOS ENVIRON, V55, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.081 NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 15 IS 4 BP 441 EP 447 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.10.005 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA AM6TK UT WOS:000339997800013 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ortiz, P Antunez, V Martin, JM Ortiz, R Vazquez, MA Galan, E AF Ortiz, Pilar Antunez, Vanessa Maria Martin, Jose Ortiz, Rocio Auxiliadora Vazquez, Maria Galan, Emilio TI Approach to environmental risk analysis for the main monuments in a historical city SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Environmental risk; Vulnerability matrix; Hazards maps; Cultural heritage ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE; NATURAL HAZARDS; GIS; VULNERABILITY AB The analysis of environmental risk in historical cities facilitates the development of conservation strategies that can minimize the deterioration of historical heritage sites. Risk maps built with GIS software provide information about the probability of the main hazards in a region, and is a very useful tool to identify, evaluate and prioritize the restoration budget of a city in order to manage preventive conservation. In this paper, new methodologies are applied based on the vulnerability matrix and its relationship with static and structural factors, climate conditions, air quality and social agents. This technique has some obvious advantages in the application of risk analysis for cultural heritage conservation, such as the capability of simultaneous risk assessment and geographical references. The vulnerability study implies an on-site diagnosis analysis and requires an adapted protocol for archaeological heritage. The validation of this methodology was carried out in the historical town of Merida (Spain) with a GIS application (ArcGIS software), where the main monuments of this UNESCO World Heritage site were studied. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ortiz, Pilar; Antunez, Vanessa; Maria Martin, Jose; Ortiz, Rocio] Univ Pablo de Olavide, Dept Phys Chem & Nat Syst, Seville 41013, Spain. [Auxiliadora Vazquez, Maria; Galan, Emilio] Univ Seville, Dept Crystallog & Mineral, Seville 41071, Spain. RP Ortiz, P (reprint author), Univ Pablo de Olavide, Dept Phys Chem & Nat Syst, Utrera Rd Km 1, Seville 41013, Spain. EM mportcal@upo.es RI Ortiz, Rocio/L-3453-2014; Martin-Ramirez, Jose/E-2917-2013; Ortiz, Pilar/J-1324-2014 OI Ortiz, Rocio/0000-0002-0249-8821; Martin-Ramirez, Jose/0000-0003-4887-2580; Ortiz, Pilar/0000-0002-8547-7531; Vazquez, Maria Auxiliadora/0000-0002-8870-7128; Galan Huertos, Emilio/0000-0002-8466-5047 FU Project of Excellence of Junta de Andalucia HUM-6775 (RIVUPH) FX This study has been supported and based on the Methodology developed by the Project of Excellence of Junta de Andalucia HUM-6775 (RIVUPH). 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Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 15 IS 4 BP 432 EP 440 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.07.009 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA AM6TK UT WOS:000339997800012 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Quagliarini, E Revel, GM Lenci, S Seri, E Cavuto, A Pandarese, G AF Quagliarini, Enrico Revel, Gian Marco Lenci, Stefano Seri, Elena Cavuto, Alfonso Pandarese, Giuseppe TI Historical plasters on light thin vaults: State of conservation assessment by a Hybrid ultrasonic method SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historical light wooden vaults; Thin vaults; Ultrasonic test; Historical plaster; NTD; Diagnostic of cultural heritage ID FRESCOES; STUCCOES; DAMAGE AB Historical plasters on light thin vaults, usually made by mats of reeds nailed to an upper wooden framework, were used in several historical and monumental Italian buildings and churches built between the 16th and the 19th century and almost all of the historical Italian theatres built between the 18th and the 19th century to cover the theatre-hall and to improve its acoustic properties. The non-destructive inspection of these structures is very important, but traditional inspection techniques are usually limited in resolution, which may be a problem for detection of defects at a very early stage. The paper presents the development and application of a high-resolution inspection technique based on a hybrid ultrasonic method, where a contact emitter probe and a non-contact air-coupled receiver probe are used. Results show the effectiveness of the method on laboratory samples and propose an inspection procedure for in-field application. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Quagliarini, Enrico; Lenci, Stefano; Seri, Elena] Univ Politecn Marche, Dept Civil & Bldg Engn & Architecture, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Revel, Gian Marco; Cavuto, Alfonso; Pandarese, Giuseppe] Univ Politecn Marche, Dept Ind Engn & Math Scid, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. RP Quagliarini, E (reprint author), Univ Politecn Marche, Dept Civil & Bldg Engn & Architecture, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. EM e.quagliarini@univpm.it RI Quagliarini, Enrico/M-5281-2019; Lenci, Stefano/AAG-9110-2020 OI Lenci, Stefano/0000-0003-3154-7896; quagliarini, enrico/0000-0002-1091-8929; Revel, Gian Marco/0000-0002-3372-7543 CR Bhardwaj MC, 1997, MATER RES INNOV, V1, P188, DOI 10.1007/s100190050039 Bosiljkov V, 2010, J CULT HERIT, V11, P239, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.11.007 Bushberg J. 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M., 2006, EUROPEAN CONFERENCE Siddiolo AM, 2007, IEEE T ULTRASON FERR, V54, P836, DOI 10.1109/TUFFC.2007.317 Sonatest, WHEEL PROBES NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 15 IS 2 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.04.008 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA AD6ET UT WOS:000333348800002 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ruiz, R Rodriguez, FJ Coronado, JM AF Ruiz, Rita Javier Rodriguez, Francisco Coronado, Jose M. TI Identification and assessment of engineered road heritage: A methodological approach SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historic engineered roads; Road cultural heritage; Identification; Assessment; Spain AB Roads built by civil or military engineers from the 18th century onwards form an essential part of our heritage, but currently considered on a very infrequent basis. They represent one of the main turning points in the development of the transport system and serve to gain a better understanding of the historic construction of many landscapes and their current arrangement and operation. Their consideration as heritage has to be made on a territorial scale. This approach regards landscape as a cultural artifact, which is undergoing constant design, construction and transformation, where the road is considered as an axis that shapes the landscape and that contains individual elements such as associated structures or buildings. One of the most important characteristics of historic roads undoubtedly lies in the fact that they are a heritage that is still in use. Many of the roads built for carriages or the first automobiles have, in fact, served to trace the current network of roads and motorways. For this reason, many historic routes have undergone considerable modification and a large percentage of their heritage has disappeared. Likewise, their original or more intact sections, that is to say those that were replaced during their gradual adaptation to the automobile in the 20th century, are not always easy to identify. The distinction and undoubted documental value of historic roads, together with the neglect and vulnerability of these assets, makes it essential to define specific strategies with some degree of urgency in order to appraise this heritage. In this respect, the purpose of this article is to establish a methodology with which to identify sections of historic roads that were replaced by new alignments. The decision to focus the work on these sections is based on the fact that the infrastructure of these and particularly the older sections, have undergone a smaller degree of change and subsequently retain their original routing and geometry and a far higher number and variety of heritage elements more intact. This has made it possible to ascertain the diversity of elements composing the heritage of historic roads and enables the classification of the same. The identification methodology has been applied to a significant proportion of the Spanish main road network on selecting some 15 sections of historic roads of very different characteristics. Files have been prepared for each of these sections on the basis of cartographic analysis and detailed field work, these files including data related to location, characteristics and inventory of historic elements forming the road's heritage and will subsequently include references to road layout (both longitudinal and cross-sectional), structures (essentially drainage works), auxiliary elements (signalling) and associated buildings (inns, roadworkers' houses ... ). Finally, and on the basis of the experience gained during the research, an initial proposal is laid out for the heritage assessment of these assets, considering aspects such as historic, technological and documental singularity which will depend on the degree of transformation and definition of the section in question. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ruiz, Rita; Javier Rodriguez, Francisco; Coronado, Jose M.] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Civil Engn, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. RP Ruiz, R (reprint author), Univ Castilla La Mancha, Dept Civil Engn, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. EM rita.ruiz@uclm.es; fcojavier.rodriguez@uclm.es; josemaria.coronado@uclm.es RI Jose Maria CORONADO, Engineer/D-7470-2011 OI Jose Maria CORONADO, Engineer/0000-0002-8080-1689; Ruiz, Rita/0000-0001-5014-9266 CR [Anonymous], 2007, HIST ENV, V20 Bennis E., UNESCO CULT LANDSC 2 Busch TN, 2008, J TRANSP HIST, V29, P240, DOI 10.7227/TJTH.29.2.6 CHARLESWORTH G, 1984, [No title captured] Cliver E. B., 1994, P INT EXP M ROUT PAR Diez-Pastor MC, 2010, J TOUR HIST, V2, P1, DOI 10.1080/17551821003777832 Coronado J. M., 2003, THESIS U CASTILLA LA Crutchley S, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, pE65, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.09.005 Da Rios G., 1989, STRADA ITALIA UNITA Davis T., 2008, WORLD WINDSHIELD ROA, P35 Grazuleviciute-Vileniske I, 2010, LANDSCAPE RES, V35, P391, DOI 10.1080/01426397.2010.486856 Guigueno V., 2008, ROUTES ROADS, V336/337, P192 Hindley G, 1972, HIST ROADS Hubbard T., 2008, ROUTE 66 VIA PPIA ID JAKLE JA, 1996, [No title captured] Jakle John A., 1999, FAST FOOD ROADSIDE R Lay M. G., 2006, J AUST NZ RES PRACT, V15, P63 Lay M. G., 1992, WAYS WORLD HIST WORL Lennon J. L., 2007, HIST ENV, V20, P8 Liebs Chester, 1995, MAIN STREET MIRACLE Livini G., 1924, AUTOSTRADE PRIMA GEN Madrazo S., 1984, SISTEMA TRANSPORTE E Fuentes JM, 2010, J CULT HERIT, V11, P119, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.03.004 Marriott P. D., 1998, DESIGN POLICY GUIDEL Marriott PD, 2004, MILESTONE MILE MARKE Mauch Christof, 2008, WORLD WINDSHIELD McCahon M. E., DESIGN MANAEMENT HIS MOM G, 2007, ROAD HIST PLANNING B Morriss K., 2005, ROADS ARCHAEOLOGY AR Picon A, 1997, ESPACE TERRITOIRE AM Rodriguez F. J., 2004, PRIMERAS AUTOPISTAS Schutz E., 1996, BAU INSZENIERUNG SRA URIOL J. I., 1992, HIST CAMINOS ESPANA Verlag J., 1982, REICHSANTOBAHN PYRAM Weber J., 2004, J CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY, V21, P1 Wollen P., 2002, CARS CULTURE Zapatka C., 1987, LOTUS INT, V5, P96 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 15 IS 1 BP 36 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2013.01.001 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 302BA UT WOS:000330575000006 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Santos, C Ferreira, TM Vicente, R da Silva, JARM AF Santos, Catia Ferreira, Tiago Miguel Vicente, Romeu Raimundo Mendes da Silva, J. A. TI Building typologies identification to support risk mitigation at the urban scale - Case study of the old city centre of Seixal, Portugal SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Old city centre; Building typologies; Seismic vulnerability; Urban fire risk; Rehabilitation ID SEISMIC VULNERABILITY AB The old urban centres are marks of an historical and architectural heritage that should be protected and safeguarded. For such, it is fundamental to have a complete understanding of the genesis, regarding both building and the urban mesh. This fact is essential to the support of qualified, conscientious and sustainable rehabilitation interventions on the old building stock. The research carried out addresses the issue of the old urban centres from the perspective of the analysis and inventory of buildings features. The cataloguing process of the building typologies is presented in this work as a synthesis of the principal construction forms, with the old city centre of Seixal being used as a case study. The identification of building typologies has supported a seismic and fire vulnerability assessment of the old building stock. The assessment methodologies developed and used are based on the detailed survey and building inspection, therefore the building typology cataloguing is essential in the analysis at such a large scale. Then we discussed the strategy for the conservation actions incorporated in a broader risk management policy. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Santos, Catia; Raimundo Mendes da Silva, J. A.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Civil Engn, Polo Univ 2, P-3030788 Coimbra, Portugal. [Ferreira, Tiago Miguel; Vicente, Romeu] Univ Aveiro, Dept Civil Engn, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. RP Ferreira, TM (reprint author), Univ Aveiro, Dept Civil Engn, Campus Univ Santiago, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. EM catiaj@student.darq.uc.pt; tmferreira@ua.pt; romvic@ua.pt; raimundo@dec.uc.pt RI Ferreira, Tiago Miguel/D-8112-2015; Vicente, Romeu/G-6244-2011 OI Ferreira, Tiago Miguel/0000-0001-6454-7927; Vicente, Romeu/0000-0002-5456-1642; Santos, Catia/0000-0002-8513-6489; SILVA, JOSE MENDES/0000-0003-4521-2405 FU National Strategic Reference Framework (7th Framework European Program) FX The work presented in this paper has been supported and funded by the National Strategic Reference Framework (7th Framework European Program) and commissioned by the Seixal City Council. We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on a previous version of this article. CR Ambrosio R., 2011, NUCLEO URBANO CIDADE [Anonymous], 2001, LEV INV PATR CONSTR Appleton J., 2003, REABILITACAO EDIFICI Barbat AH, 2010, STRUCT INFRASTRUCT E, V6, P17, DOI 10.1080/15732470802663763 Cabrita A., 1992, MANUAL APOIO REABILI Caicedo C., 1994, MONIGRAFIA CIMNE, V6 Cardona O. D., 2001, THESIS U POLITECNICA Carita H., 1994, TIPOLOGIAS MODOS ARQ Coburn A., 2002, EARTHQUAKE PROTECTIO Costa A. C., 2008, P 14 WORLD C EARTHQ Costa M. F., 1988, CAMARA MUNICIPAL SEI Dineva S, 2002, J SEISMOL, V6, P99, DOI 10.1023/A:1014249814998 ESRI, 2005, GEOGR INF SYST Ferreira T., 2010, SEISMIC VULNERABILIT Ferreira T., 2009, THESIS U AVEIRO PORT Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremoti GNDT, 1999, 2 LEV VULN FORM REIN Hernandez M., 1984, THESIS U LAS PALMAS Indirli M, 2009, INT J ARCHIT HERIT, V3, P276, DOI 10.1080/15583050902803780 Jimenez M. J., 2001, Bollettino di Geofisica, Teorica ed Applicata, V41, P3 Justo JL, 1998, B SEISMOL SOC AM, V88, P319 Lang K, 2003, J EARTHQ ENG, V7, P407 Marti Aris C., 1993, VARIACIONES IDENTIDA McGuire RK, 2004, SEISMIC HAZARD RISK Monteiro V.J.S., 1984, SEPARATA REV I NACL Neves F, 2012, B EARTHQ ENG, V10, P27, DOI 10.1007/s10518-011-9276-0 Oliveira CS, 2008, SOIL DYN EARTHQ ENG, V28, P890, DOI 10.1016/j.soildyn.2007.11.002 Oliveira CS, 1986, SISMICIDADE HIST REV Parodi S., 2008, 14 WORLD C EARTHQ EN Santos J., 2004, B ECOMUSEU INFORM, V30 Santos M., 2011, 2 JORN SEG AOS INC U, P343 Vicente R., 2010, CADERNOS APOIO AO ES Vicente R, 2008, THESIS U AVEIRO PORT Vicente R., 2010, SISM 2010 8 C NAC SI Vicente R., 2010, CADERNOS APOIO AO ES Vicente R, 2011, J PERFORM CONSTR FAC, V25, P202, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000164 Vicente R, 2011, B EARTHQ ENG, V9, P1067, DOI 10.1007/s10518-010-9233-3 Vilanova S. P., 2003, THESIS I SUPERIOR TE Vilanova SP, 2004, J SEISMOL, V8, P331, DOI 10.1023/B:JOSE.0000038457.01879.b0 NR 38 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 14 IS 6 BP 449 EP 463 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.11.001 PG 15 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 251NZ UT WOS:000326937800001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Taheri, H Ansari, S AF Taheri, Hamed Ansari, Sina TI Measuring the relative efficiency of cultural-historical museums in Tehran: DEA approach SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Economics of heritage; Museums; Data Envelopment Analysis; Efficiency; Tehran ID DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS; HERITAGE; PERFORMANCE; RANKING AB Heritage institutions, as one of the main aspects of culture, play an important role in economic prospect of culture by promoting tourism industry. Turning to the interpretation of culture in economic terms, the goal of this paper is to adopt a practical evaluation tool in order to assess the efficiency of heritage institutions. This study evaluates the technical efficiency of a regional system of museums in Tehran, the capital of Iran, using Data Envelopment Analysis approach. The findings may prove useful for management of these institutions in economic point of view, as well as for those responsible for public resource allocation policies in the area of cultural heritage. (c) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Taheri, Hamed] Cent Bank Iran, Econ Accounts Dept, Tehran, Iran. [Ansari, Sina] Iran Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Ind Engn, Tehran, Iran. RP Ansari, S (reprint author), Iran Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Ind Engn, Tehran, Iran. EM ha.taheri@cbi.ir; ansari.3t@gmail.com RI Ansari, Sina/G-4525-2017 OI Ansari, Sina/0000-0001-5348-860X CR Adler N, 2002, EUR J OPER RES, V140, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00068-1 ALEXANDER EP, 1996, [No title captured] ANDERSEN P, 1993, MANAGE SCI, V39, P1261, DOI 10.1287/mnsc.39.10.1261 [Anonymous], 1999, MED SPORT ANN REP Avkiran NK, 2001, SOCIOECON PLANN SCI, V35, P57, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0038-0121(00)00010-0 Banker R.D., 1991, RELATIVE EFFICIENCY BANKER RD, 1986, MANAGE SCI, V32, P1613, DOI 10.1287/mnsc.32.12.1613 Barros CP, 2005, ANN TOURISM RES, V32, P456, DOI 10.1016/j.annals.2004.07.011 Basso AL, 2004, J FOOD BIOCHEM, V28, P195, DOI 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2004.tb00066.x Bi GB, 2011, J CHINA TOUR RES, V7, P104, DOI 10.1080/19388160.2011.551056 Bishop P, 2003, APPL ECON, V35, P1853, DOI 10.1080/0003684032000158064 Boorsma M, 2010, J ART MANAG LAW SOC, V40, P297, DOI 10.1080/10632921.2010.525067 Bowitz E, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.09.002 CHARNES A, 1978, EUR J OPER RES, V2, P429, DOI 10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8 Charnes A., 1994, DATA ENVELOPMENT ANA Chiaravalloti F, 2011, J ART MANAG LAW SOC, V41, P240, DOI 10.1080/10632921.2011.628210 Griffin D, 2008, MUS MANAGE CURATOR, V23, P43, DOI 10.1080/09647770701757716 Halkos G.E., 2010, HLTH POLICY HEILBRUN J, 2001, [No title captured] Hsieh LF, 2010, INT J HOSP MANAG, V29, P14, DOI 10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.04.004 Jackson R., 1988, Journal of Cultural Economics, V12, P41, DOI 10.1007/BF00220045 del Barrio MJ, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, P258, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.08.012 Kim SS, 2007, TOURISM MANAGE, V28, P317, DOI 10.1016/j.tourman.2005.12.024 Kirigia JM, 2004, J MED SYST, V28, P155, DOI 10.1023/B:JOMS.0000023298.31972.c9 Koksal CD, 2007, TOURISM MANAGE, V28, P830, DOI 10.1016/j.tourman.2006.05.013 Luksetich W, 1997, NONPROF VOLUNT SEC Q, V26, P73, DOI 10.1177/0899764097261007 Mairesse F., 2002, J CULTURAL EC, V26, P261, DOI DOI 10.1023/A:1019970325060 McLean F., 1997, MARKETING MUSEUM Mehrabian S, 1999, COMPUT OPTIM APPL, V14, P261, DOI 10.1023/A:1008703501682 Movahedi M. M., 2007, INT J CONT MATH SCI, V2, P1569 Noble J., 1970, MUSEUM NEWS, V48, P16 Noh Y., 2011, LIB HI TECH, V29, P10 Ray S, 2004, DATA ENVELOPMENT ANA Reichmann G, 2006, INT J PROD ECON, V100, P131, DOI 10.1016/j.ijpe.2004.10.007 SEIFORD LM, 1994, [No title captured], P437, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-0637-5_22 Shahhoseini R, 2011, HEALTH SERV MANAG RE, V24, P75, DOI 10.1258/hsmr.2010.010017 Shim W, 2003, LIBR TRENDS, V51, P312 Snowball J., 2008, MEASURING VALUE CULT Zaleski P. A., 1997, NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT, V8, P3 NR 39 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 14 IS 5 BP 431 EP 438 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.10.006 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 222NY UT WOS:000324739200008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU de la Rosa, JPM Porcel, MC Warke, PA AF de la Rosa, John P. McIlroy Casares Porcel, Manuel Warke, Patricia A. TI Mapping stone surface temperature fluctuations: Implications for lichen distribution and biomodification on historic stone surfaces SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Surface temperature fluctuations; Lichen; Limestone; Bioreceptivity; Biomodification; Bioprotection; Biodeterioration; Infrared thermometer ID BIODETERIORATION; BIOPROTECTION; COLONIZATION; LIMESTONE; ROCKS; SPAIN AB The exposure of historic stone to processes of lichen-induced surface biomodification is determined, first and foremost, by the bioreceptivity of those surfaces to lichen colonization. As an important component of surface bioreceptivity, spatiotemporal variation in stone surface temperature plays a critical role in the spatial distribution of saxicolous lichen on historic stone structures, especially within seasonally hot environments. The ornate limestone and tufa stairwell of the Monastery of Cartuja (1516), Granada, Spain, exhibits significant aspect-related differences in lichen distribution. Lichen coverage and diurnal fluctuations in stone surface temperature on the stairwell were monitored and mapped, under anticyclonic conditions in summer and winter, using an infrared thermometer and Geographical Information Systems approach. This research suggests that it is not extreme high surface temperatures that determine the presence or absence of lichen coverage on stonework. Instead, average stone surface temperatures over the course of the year seem to play a critical role in determining whether or not surfaces are receptive to lichen colonization and subsequent biomodification. It is inferred that lichen, capable of surviving extreme surface temperatures during the Mediterranean summer in an ametabolic state, require a respite period of lower temperatures within which they can metabolize, grow and reproduce. The higher the average annual temperature a surface experiences, the shorter the respite period for any lichen potentially inhabiting that surface. A critical average temperature threshold of approximately 21 degrees C has been identified on the stairwell, with average stone surface temperatures greater than this generally inhibiting lichen colonization. A brief visual condition assessment between lichen-covered and lichen-free surfaces on the limestone sections of the stairwell suggests relative bioprotection induced by lichen coverage, with stonework quality and sharpness remaining more defined beneath lichen-covered surfaces. The methodology employed in this paper may have further applications in the monitoring and mapping of thermal stress fatigue on historic building materials. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [de la Rosa, John P. McIlroy; Warke, Patricia A.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Geog Archaeol & Palaeoecol, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. [Casares Porcel, Manuel] Univ Granada, Fac Pharm, Dept Bot, E-18071 Granada, Spain. RP de la Rosa, JPM (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Geog Archaeol & Palaeoecol, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. EM jmcilroydelarosa01@qub.ac.uk; mcasares@ugr.es; p.warke@qub.ac.uk RI Casares-Porcel, Manuel/L-1610-2014 OI Casares-Porcel, Manuel/0000-0003-4241-1206 FU Department for Employment and Learning (Northern Ireland) Programme FX The authors would like to thank the following people for their help. Jose Manuel Gomez-Moreno Calera, Department of History of Art, University of Granada. Fernando Bolivar de Galdeano, Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Granada. Antonio Munoz Osorio, Technical Secretary of the Episcopal Commission for Cultural Heritage. Conor Graham and Lorraine Barry, GIS lab, School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Queen's University Belfast. Sean McIlroy for his assistance with data collection. The anonymous reviewers for their insightful and constructive comments. This work was supported by a Department for Employment and Learning (Northern Ireland) Programme for Government Research Studentship. CR Adamo P, 2000, APPL CLAY SCI, V16, P229, DOI 10.1016/S0169-1317(99)00056-3 Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia, 2012, VAL CLIM NORM GRAN A ARINO X, 1995, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V167, P353, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04595-R Bonazza A, 2009, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V407, P4506, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.04.008 Carter NEA, 2005, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V67, P273, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.10.004 CASARES M, 1986, CRYPTOGAMIE BRYOL L, V7, P103 Chen J, 2000, CATENA, V39, P121, DOI 10.1016/S0341-8162(99)00085-5 Concha-Lozano N, 2012, J CULT HERIT, V13, P120, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2011.07.006 de Andalucia Junta, 2009, DATOS ESPACIALES AND de Galdeano F.C. Bolivar, 1994, CUADERNOS ARTE U GRA, V25, P197 de la Rosa J.P. Mcllroy, PROGR PHYS IN PRESS Garcia-Hernandez M., 1987, ACTA GEOL HISP, V21-22, P329 GUILLITTE O, 1995, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V167, P215, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04582-L Lubleza C. Felez, 1979, HOSP REAL GRANADA Martin J.M., 1981, B REAL SOC ESPANOLA, V79, P287 Martin-Algarra A, 2003, SEDIMENT GEOL, V161, P217, DOI 10.1016/S0037-0738(03)00115-5 Martinez S. Rivas, 2011, GLOBAL GEOBOTANY, V1, P1 Miller A.Z., 2012, SCI TOTAL ENV Mottershead D, 2000, LICHENOLOGIST, V32, P601, DOI 10.1006/lich.2000.0300 Pardo ES, 2008, MATER CONSTRUCC, V58, P51 Warscheid T, 2000, INT BIODETER BIODEGR, V46, P343, DOI 10.1016/S0964-8305(00)00109-8 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 346 EP 353 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.09.006 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 173SA UT WOS:000321098000008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Halifeoglu, M Gokcay, G AF Halifeoglu, Meral Gokcay, Gokce TI Restoration and refunction problems of Diyarbakir traditional houses SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Traditional Diyarbakir houses; Restoration; Conservation; Deterioration; New function AB The traditional urban texture of Diyarbakir is founded in the city walls. The traditional Diyarbakir houses have their own architectural properties, which are shaped with the effect of family structure, economical structure, cultural interaction, city walls, climate, geological structure and building materials. They also take an important place in the cultural heritage context due to their distinctive architectural characteristics. These independent houses that are isolated from the outside are located in a court. The traditional Diyarbakir houses, which are designed as summer, winter and spring places regarding to the effect of climatic factors, are generally formed of a basement, ground floor and the first floor. The basement is the area where the fuel (wood and coal) and foods for winter are stored. The service and living spaces are found at the ground and first floors. The wide entrances (ivans) and the rooms with their sliced, flat arched, quadrangular windows with columns are the building elements, which give movement and richness to the courtyard. While the walls built by basalt stones, the authentic flat roofs of the houses are covered by earthen materials. During the recent years, restoration works are conducted on monumental buildings and traditional houses in Diyarbakir by some state institutions and organizations, and, private enterprises, which enable them to be utilized in today's needs assessment. The most of the traditional houses offer a wide range of usage possibilities take an important place among them. The authentic textures of many of those houses have been destroyed due to the renovation works since 1960s. In these works, mostly additional floor and space constructions conducted by the owners. Deterioration and degeneration of the structures of the houses have increased because of the lack of proper control mechanism and incompetence of the technical staffs, working in this field. A few traditional houses have been restored to reuse with a new public functions by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, governorship, municipality, non-governmental organizations and individuals. While restoring these houses, same of the wrong implementations have been damaged the authentic texture. As a result of the inspections that have been performed, it has been seen that the new function is directly related with the destruction that may occur. It is understood that the authentic values and cultural persistence are preserved when the functions not forced the original design, comfort level and construction techniques of the houses. Annexes, renovation and modifications destroy the authentic plan of the houses are limited in restoration works conducted by the Ministry and governorship; whereas, needs were taken into consideration during works performed by individuals and non-governmental organizations. Besides, the architectural building elements were also had renovation rather than conservation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Halifeoglu, Meral] Dicle Univ, Fac Architecture, Dept Architecture, Restorat Dept, Diyarbakir, Turkey. [Gokcay, Gokce] Istanbul Univ, Fac Letters, Museol Dept, Istanbul, Turkey. RP Gokcay, G (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Fac Letters, Museol Dept, Istanbul, Turkey. EM mhalife@gmail.com; gokcegokcay@yahoo.com RI KILIC, Asli Gokce/V-6691-2019 CR Altinoluk U., 1998, RESUE ISTANBUL BUILD Halifeoglu F. M., 2007, 3 INT SIN S ED NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 14 IS 3 SU S BP S34 EP S37 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.12.009 PG 4 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 160TF UT WOS:000320142700007 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Ozga, I Bonazza, A Lyazidi, SA Haddad, M Ben-Ncer, A Ghedini, N Sabbioni, C AF Ozga, Izabela Bonazza, Alessandra Lyazidi, Saadia Ait Haddad, Mustapha Ben-Ncer, Abdelouahed Ghedini, Nadia Sabbioni, Cristina TI Pollution impact on the ancient ramparts of the Moroccan city Sale SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Surface damage; Carbon fraction; Lightness ID HISTORIC BUILDINGS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; AIR-POLLUTION; EMISSIONS; DEPOSITION; AEROSOL; DIESEL; MONUMENTS; HERITAGE; ENGINE AB The work focuses on the investigation of air pollutant impacts on the ancient ramparts of the Moroccan city of Sale, part of the Project TeACH (Technologies and tools to prioritize assessment and diagnosis of air pollution impact on immovable and movable cultural heritage), which set out to understand the different types of deterioration due to pollution impact on cultural heritage in diverse sites. The part of the walls studied is the Burg al Klab (Bastion of dogs) tower, also known as the Gate Tower, as an example of a monument in the Mediterranean Basin, built in calcarenite and exposed to a polluted environment, especially traffic. The complete characterization of the surface damage layer forming on the Burg al Klab was performed by a range of analytical techniques, including optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ion chromatography and induced coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. The results showed that the main damage factor is the deposition of atmospheric sulphur compounds, and sea salts and particles from combustion processes. The deposition of SO2 and marine aerosols effects in formation of new minerals, such as gypsum (CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O), halite (NaCl) and thenardite (Na2SO4) and other hydrated forms of sodium sulphates. The octagonal shape of tower and different exposition of walls to traffic roads was reflected in the results from the analyses. A decrease in lightness L* was measured passing from more protected walls to those more exposed to traffic. Sulphate, nitrate and organic carbon were also found in higher concentrations in the samples collected from the walls directly exposed to traffic. The high amount of Ca2+ is ascribed to the calcium carbonate-rich substrate, to soil dust re-suspension and subsequent deposition onto the building surface, as well as to the long-range air mass intrusions from the Sahara. The traffic in the proximity of Tower is not only responsible for particle emissions but also for the re-suspension of dry deposited road traffic emissions and soil dust. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Ozga, Izabela; Bonazza, Alessandra; Ghedini, Nadia; Sabbioni, Cristina] CNR, ISAC, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Lyazidi, Saadia Ait; Haddad, Mustapha] Univ Moulay Ismail, Fac Sci, Lab Spectrometrie Mat & Archeomat, Meknes 50000, Morocco. [Ben-Ncer, Abdelouahed] INSAP, Rabat, Morocco. [Ghedini, Nadia] Univ Bologna, Dept Pharm & Biotechnol, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. RP Ozga, I (reprint author), CNR, ISAC, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. EM i.ozga@isac.cnr.it; a.bonazza@isac.cnr.it; aitlyazidisaadia@yahoo.fr; mhaddad22@yahoo.fr; bensarabdel@yahoo.fr; n.ghedini@isac.cnr.it; c.sabbioni@isac.cnr.it OI Bonazza, Alessandra/0000-0002-9842-9731; Cristina, Sabbioni/0000-0003-3464-1837 FU ECEuropean Commission Joint Research CentreEuropean Community (EC) [212458] FX This work was performed within the EC Project "Technologies and Tools to prioritise Assessment and diagnosis of air pollution impact on immovable and movable Cultural Heritage (TeACH)" (contract number: 212458). The authors would also like to acknowledge Enrica Tondini. CR Baralkiewicz D., 1999, POL J ENVIRON STUD, V4, P201 Bityukova L, 2006, WATER AIR SOIL POLL, V172, P239, DOI 10.1007/s11270-006-9078-1 Bonazza A, 2005, ATMOS ENVIRON, V39, P2607, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.01.040 Cheung KL, 2010, AEROSOL SCI TECH, V44, P500, DOI 10.1080/02786821003758294 ECHALAR F, 1995, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V22, P3039, DOI 10.1029/95GL03170 Gao Y, 2002, ATMOS ENVIRON, V36, P1077, DOI 10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00381-8 Ghedini N, 2011, ATMOS ENVIRON, V45, P5979, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.001 Isakson J, 2001, ATMOS ENVIRON, V35, P3659, DOI 10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00528-8 Kupiainen K, 2007, ATMOS ENVIRON, V41, P2156, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.10.066 MCNAUGHTON DJ, 1981, ATMOS ENVIRON, V15, P1075, DOI 10.1016/0004-6981(81)90108-6 Ozga I, 2011, ATMOS ENVIRON, V45, P4986, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.05.072 Riontino C, 1998, THERMOCHIM ACTA, V321, P215, DOI 10.1016/S0040-6031(98)00462-6 Rossi Manaresi R., 1996, P 2 INT S OX FILMS C, P111 Sabbioni C, 2003, ATMOS ENVIRON, V37, P1261, DOI 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01025-7 SAIZJIMENEZ C, 1993, ATMOS ENVIRON B-URB, V27, P77, DOI 10.1016/0957-1272(93)90047-A Schifter J., 2000, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V35, P1893 Sharma M, 2005, ATMOS ENVIRON, V39, P3023, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.12.047 Stefanis NA, 2009, BUILD ENVIRON, V44, P260, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.03.001 Stein Mark, 2003, EATING CULTURE POETI, P133 Torfs K, 1997, ATMOS ENVIRON, V31, P2179, DOI 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00038-1 Wang YF, 2003, ATMOS ENVIRON, V37, P4637, DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.07.007 Weckwerth G, 2001, ATMOS ENVIRON, V35, P5525, DOI 10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00234-5 Zaouia N, 2005, ENVIRON GEOL, V48, P742, DOI 10.1007/s00254-005-0013-3 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 14 IS 3 SU S BP S25 EP S33 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.10.018 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 160TF UT WOS:000320142700006 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Dellepiane, M Dell'Unto, N Callieri, M Lindgren, S Scopigno, R AF Dellepiane, Matteo Dell'Unto, Nicolo Callieri, Marco Lindgren, Stefan Scopigno, Roberto TI Archeological excavation monitoring using dense stereo matching techniques SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Archeology; Archeology excavation; Documenting; Monitoring; Dense stereo reconstruction; Digital 3D models; Visualization; Assessment AB Several new tools to obtain three-dimensional information from unorganized image sets are now available for the public use. The main advantage of this software, which is based on dense stereo matching, is the possibility to generate 3D content without the need of high-cost hardware (e.g. 3D scanning devices). Nevertheless, their use in real-world application domains (like cultural heritage) is still not very diffused, due to the non-straightforward usability of the raw data produced. In this paper, we investigate the use of automatic dense stereo reconstruction tools for the monitoring of an excavation site. A methodology for the effective acquisition and processing of data is presented. In addition, the results of the data assessment demonstrate the repeatability of the data acquisition process, which is a key factor when qualitative analysis is performed. The use of three-dimensional data is integrated in an open source mesh processing tool, thus showing that a spatio-temporal analysis can be performed in a very intuitive way using off-the-shelf or free/open digital tools. Moreover, the use of peculiar rendering and the creation of snapshots from arbitrary points of view increase the amount of documentation data, and suggest a perfect integration of data produced with dense stereo matching in the future standard documentation for excavation monitoring. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Dellepiane, Matteo; Callieri, Marco; Scopigno, Roberto] ISTI CNR, Visual Comp Lab, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. [Dell'Unto, Nicolo] Lund Univ, Dept Archaeol & Ancient Hist, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Lindgren, Stefan] Lund Univ, Humanities Lab, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Dellepiane, M (reprint author), ISTI CNR, Visual Comp Lab, Via G Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. EM dellepiane@isti.cnr.it; nicolo.dell_unto@ark.lu.se; stefan.lindgren@humlab.lu.se RI scopigno, roberto/AAH-7645-2020 OI Dell'Unto, Nicolo/0000-0003-2831-3378 FU European Community Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [231809] FX The research leading to these results has also received funding from the European Community Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 231809 (IST IP "3DCO-FORM"). CR [Anonymous], 2010, BUNDLER STRUCTURE MO [Anonymous], PHOTOTOURISM EXLORIN Barker P, 2005, TECHNIQUES ARCHAEOLO BIANCHINI M, 2008, MANUALE RILIEVO DOCU Brown M, 2005, FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON 3-D DIGITAL IMAGING AND MODELING, PROCEEDINGS, P56, DOI 10.1109/3DIM.2005.81 Callieri M, 2008, COMPUT GRAPH-UK, V32, P464, DOI 10.1016/j.cag.2008.05.004 ECHAVARRIA K., 2009, P 14 INT C 3D WEB TE, P119, DOI 10.1145/1559764.1559783 El-Hakim S., 2008, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMME, V37, P1077 Farenzena Michela, 2009, 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops, ICCV Workshops, P1489, DOI 10.1109/ICCVW.2009.5457435 Fratus de Balestrini E., 3DARCH 2011 TRENT Furukawa Yasutaka, 2010, IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell, V32, P1362, DOI 10.1109/TPAMI.2009.161 GOESELE M, 2007, [No title captured] Gruen A., 2003, COMP VISION PAT REC, V1, P13 Havlena M, 2010, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V6312, P100, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-15552-9_8 Hermon S., HILL AGIOS GEORGIOS Hermon S., 2010, FUSION OF CULTURES, P55 Kazhdan M., 2006, P 4 EUR S GEOM PROC, P61, DOI DOI 10.1145/1364901.1364904 Larsson L., 2003, ACTA ARCHAEOLOGICA L, V80, P3 Martinec D., 2007, IEEE C COMP VIS PATT, P1, DOI DOI 10.1109/CVPR.2007.383115 Snavely N, 2006, ACM T GRAPHIC, V25, P835, DOI 10.1145/1141911.1141964 Vergauwen M, 2006, MACH VISION APPL, V17, P411, DOI 10.1007/s00138-006-0027-1 ZUBROW E, 2006, [No title captured], P10 NR 22 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 14 IS 3 BP 201 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.01.011 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 143XV UT WOS:000318903400003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Paoletti, D Ambrosini, D Sfarra, S Bisegna, F AF Paoletti, Domenica Ambrosini, Dario Sfarra, Stefano Bisegna, Fabio TI Preventive thermographic diagnosis of historical buildings for consolidation SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Historical buildings; Thermography; Preventive diagnosis; Consolidation; Seismic risk ID PULSED PHASE THERMOGRAPHY; INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHIC-INTERFEROMETRY; NDT AB Conserving architectural heritage usually requires a multidisciplinary approach involving a variety of professionals and organizations. Since the evaluation of the state of conservation of historical buildings using destructive techniques should be avoided to prevent the integrity of the cultural heritage, the development of non-destructive and non-contact techniques is very important. InfraRed (IR) thermography is a non-destructive powerful tool for fast and accurate building diagnostics. In the investigation of historical structures, where a restoration or conservation treatment can cause irreversible damage to the structure, it is considered to be of most importance. A campaign of thermographic surveys were conducted on a large part of the historical cultural heritage of L'Aquila and its surroundings. In this paper we present the results of the study for the Church of Santa Maria ad Cryptas (XIII century), one of the most ancient buildings in the surroundings of L'Aquila and one of the best examples of Gothic art in Abruzzo, with the aim to evaluate the correspondence between the damage induced by the earthquake and the previous thermographic results, in order to validate the effectiveness of thermography and its role in preventive diagnosis. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Paoletti, Domenica; Ambrosini, Dario; Sfarra, Stefano] Univ Aquila, DIMEG, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Bisegna, Fabio] Univ Rome, SAPIENZA, Dept Astronaut Elect & Energet Engn, I-00184 Rome, Italy. RP Bisegna, F (reprint author), Univ Rome, SAPIENZA, Dept Astronaut Elect & Energet Engn, Via Eudossiana 18, I-00184 Rome, Italy. EM domenica.paoletti@univaq.it; dario.ambrosini@univaq.it; stefano.sfarra@univaq.it; fabio.bisegna@uniroma1.it RI Ambrosini, Dario/H-7214-2012; Bisegna, Fabio/H-8090-2012 OI Ambrosini, Dario/0000-0002-8905-0316; Bisegna, Fabio/0000-0002-4945-9571 CR A.A.V.V, 2009, AQ CITT ART SALV SAV Ambrosini D, 2010, J CULT HERIT, V11, P196, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.05.001 Arndt RW, 2010, INFRARED PHYS TECHN, V53, P246, DOI 10.1016/j.infrared.2010.03.002 Avdelidis NP, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P119, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2003.07.002 Avdelidis NP, 2003, ENERG BUILDINGS, V35, P663 Balaras CA, 2002, ENERG BUILDINGS, V34, P171, DOI 10.1016/S0378-7788(01)00105-0 BURNAY SG, 1998, [No title captured] Carlomagno GM, 2002, NDT&E INT, V35, P559, DOI 10.1016/S0963-8695(02)00029-4 Clark MR, 2003, NDT&E INT, V36, P265, DOI 10.1016/S0963-8695(02)00060-9 Donnelly LJ, 2000, ENG GEOL, V57, P39, DOI 10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00146-5 Engelbert PJ, 1997, J APPL GEOPHYS, V38, P143, DOI 10.1016/S0926-9851(97)00022-0 Grinzato E, 2002, J CULT HERIT, V3, P21, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01159-7 Ibarra-Castanedo C, 2008, QUANT INFR THERM J, V5, P131, DOI 10.3166/qirt.5.131-149 Imposa S, 2010, J CULT HERIT, V11, P259, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.04.005 Kaplan H., 1992, PRACTICAL APPL INFRA Maierhofer C, 2010, J MOD OPTIC, V57, P1790, DOI 10.1080/09500341003703497 Maldague X. P. V, 2001, THEORY PRACTICE INFR Moretti M., 1972, ARCHITETTURA MEDIOEV O'Moores Patrick, 2001, ASNT NONDESTRUCTIVE, V3 Schirripa Spagnolo G., 2000, NDT NET, V1, P5 Theodorakeas P, 2012, NDT&E INT, V47, P150, DOI 10.1016/j.ndteint.2012.01.004 NR 21 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-MAY PY 2013 VL 14 IS 2 BP 116 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.05.005 PG 6 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 115BK UT WOS:000316787000004 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Alessandri, C Mallardo, V AF Alessandri, Claudio Mallardo, Vincenzo TI Structural assessments of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Structural vulnerability; Historical building; Damage analysis; Masonry; Collapse mechanism ID FINITE-ELEMENT MODEL; SEISMIC VULNERABILITY; MASONRY AB This paper presents a number of estimates of the structural vulnerability of Bethlehem's Nativity Church. Due to a lack of appropriate maintenance of the Church's roof over an extended period of time, a copious infiltration of rainwater caused serious damage to the structure's main elements. A damage survey was carried out for the main walls and grotto, in order to assess their structural vulnerability. The survey was backed by the results of a number of non-destructive tests and of the appropriate numerical analyses. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Mallardo, Vincenzo] Univ Ferrara, Dept Architecture, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Alessandri, Claudio] Univ Ferrara, Dept Engn, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. RP Mallardo, V (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dept Architecture, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. EM ale@unife.it; mlv@unife.it RI Mallardo, Vincenzo/A-6158-2009 OI Mallardo, Vincenzo/0000-0002-1915-3758 CR Alessandri C, 2012, J CULT HERIT, V13, pE70, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.10.013 [Anonymous], 199812004AC2009 EN [Anonymous], 199114 UNI EN [Anonymous], 1991132003AC2009 UNI Benvenuti E, 2012, COMPUT MECH, V50, P479, DOI 10.1007/s00466-012-0685-y DeWitte F.C., 2005, DIANA 9 3 2 FINITE E Lagomarsino S, 2004, EARTHQ SPECTRA, V20, P377, DOI 10.1193/1.1737735 Macchioni N, 2012, J CULT HERIT, V13, pE42, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.10.004 Mallardo V, 2009, INT J FRACTURE, V157, P13, DOI 10.1007/s10704-008-9297-0 Mallardo V, 2008, ENG STRUCT, V30, P2223, DOI 10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.11.006 Mele E, 2003, J CULT HERIT, V4, P355, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2003.03.002 PAGE AW, 1978, J STRUCT DIV-ASCE, V104, P1267 Pela L, 2011, COMPUT METHOD APPL M, V200, P917, DOI 10.1016/j.cma.2010.11.010 Ruocco E, 2011, INT J STRUCT STAB DY, V11, P1, DOI 10.1142/S0219455411003963 SAMARASINGHE W, 1981, STRUCT ENG-B, V59, P42 NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP E61 EP E69 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.10.010 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 053JA UT WOS:000312266300006 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Manferdini, AM Baroncini, V Corsi, C AF Manferdini, Anna Maria Baroncini, Valentina Corsi, Cristiana TI An integrated and automated segmentation approach to deteriorated regions recognition on 3D reality-based models of cultural heritage artifacts SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Automatic image segmentation; Deteriorated regions; Restoration planning; Level set techniques; 3D reality-based models ID IMAGE SEGMENTATION; DECAY REGIONS; COLOR IMAGES AB In the field of Cultural Heritage, image analysis represents an indispensable practice for restorers to collect information about the state of preservation of monuments and artifacts and plan restoration interventions. In addition, during the last two decades, the wide spread of remote sensing technologies and the possibility to build 3D reality-based models of artifacts allow the extension of image analysis to 3D environments. In this context, the purpose of this contribution is to show the results of investigations held in order to provide a methodology for the automatic detection of deteriorated areas within architectures and artifacts using colour images as a field of examination. Using both 2D and 3D segmentation approaches, our methodology aims at speeding and efficiently performing the automatic detection of deteriorated zones within Cultural Heritage and therefore segment 3D digital models acquired using different survey technologies. Within our investigations, we selected case studies concerning recurrent deteriorations, such as, for example, detachments, cracks and chromatic alterations; we run them both to manual and to automatic recognition and selection tests, in order to compare the results obtained using these approaches and evaluate the reliability of the automatic one. Results comparison included computational and user time, quantification of the deteriorated area error between manual and automatically detected zones. Additional parameters characterizing the specific type of deteriorations were also computed for each case study. Comparison between the automatic and the manual procedure showed that the automatic detection is faster and reliable in all our selected case studies, with evident improvements in the efficient evaluation of the entity and extension of deteriorated areas on 3D geometry. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Manferdini, Anna Maria; Baroncini, Valentina; Corsi, Cristiana] Univ Bologna, DAPT, I-40136 Bologna, Italy. RP Manferdini, AM (reprint author), Univ Bologna, DAPT, Viale Risorgimento 2, I-40136 Bologna, Italy. 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PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.01.014 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 036JE UT WOS:000311021400003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Yuceer, H Ipekoglu, B AF Yuceer, Hulya Ipekoglu, Basak TI An architectural assessment method for new exterior additions to historic buildings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Architectural conservation; Architectural assessment; Contemporary additions; Historic buildings; Historic building assessment AB The design approaches of new exterior additions to historic buildings have been among the ongoing debates in the field of architectural conservation. The aim of this study is to develop an assessment method, which can be used to determine the compatibility in architectural expression of the new addition in relation to the characteristics of a historic building. This method is based on the architectural analysis, which includes environmental relations, building-lot relations, mass relations and the facade composition of the historic building both before and after the new addition in relation to the value of a historical building. In this study, a selected group of historic buildings in izmir, Turkey with new exterior additions was analysed with regard to their exterior architectural characteristics in order to evaluate the compatibility of the new addition, by employing the use of contemporary conservation principles. The importance of this study is to guide architects to form the basis of a decision for developing an integrated approach in designing new additions in the course of the actual design process. On the other hand, the proposed method can be evaluated as a contribution to the emerging field of heritage impact assessments as well as scientific assistance to local governments to criticize specific projects of cultural heritage assets submitted for appraisal. Analysis results showed that the value of the historic building should first clearly be identified and a new addition should bear the identity of its own period. However, instead of altering the scale or form of the historic building, a new addition should complement and contribute to the sense of proportion, disposition and historical pattern. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Yuceer, Hulya] Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Fac Architecture, Dept Architecture, Gazimagusa, Turkey. [Ipekoglu, Basak] Izmir Inst Technol, Fac Architecture, Dept Architectural Restorat, TR-35430 Izmir, Turkey. RP Yuceer, H (reprint author), Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Fac Architecture, Dept Architecture, Via Mersin 10, Gazimagusa, Turkey. EM hulya.yuceer@emu.edu.tr; basakipekoglu@iyte.edu.tr RI Yuceer, Hulya/A-2851-2016; Ipekoglu, Basak/S-5702-2019 OI Yuceer, Hulya/0000-0002-7536-2853; YUCEER, HULYA/0000-0002-4090-6304; Ipekoglu, Basak/0000-0001-7747-6670 CR Baker H.G., 1996, DESIGN STRATEGIES AR Byard PS, 1998, ARCHITECTURE ADDITIO Ching F. D. K., 2004, INTERIOR DESIGN ILLU Demel S., 1996, THESIS COLUMBIA U US Grimmer A.E., 2011, PRESERVATION BRIEF 1 Guzman Torres Z.N., 2009, THESIS U MARYLAND US HIGHFIELD D, 1991, CONSTRUCTION NEW BUI Matero F. G., 1993, J AM INT CONSERV, V32, P15 Nelson L.H., PRESERVATION BRIEF 1 Norberg-Schulz C, 1980, GENIUS LOCI PHENOMEN Smith P. H., 1990, NEW CONSTRUCTION OLD Stewen S. W., 2009, DIFFERENTIATED COMPA Strike J, 1994, ARCHITECTURE CONSERV Unwin S, 1997, ANAL ARCHITECTURE Von Meiss P., 1990, ELEMENTS ARCHITECTUR Yuceer H., 2005, THESIS IZMIR I TECHN Yuceer H., 2007, P INT S STUD HIST HE, P91 NR 17 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP 419 EP 425 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2011.12.002 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 036JE UT WOS:000311021400009 OA Green Published DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Tarraguel, AA Krol, B van Westen, C AF Tarraguel, Antoni Alcaraz Krol, Bart van Westen, Cees TI Analysing the possible impact of landslides and avalanches on cultural heritage in Upper Svaneti, Georgia SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Cultural heritage; Conservation index; Local knowledge; Georgia; Landslides; Avalanches; SMCE; Multihazard mapping; Management plans ID GEOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CONSERVATION; BUILDINGS; HAZARD; SITES AB In this paper, the threat posed to cultural heritage by landslides and avalanches is analysed for two communities (Ushguli and Mulakhi) in the Upper Svaneti region in Georgia. The vulnerability of 60 cultural heritage objects has been evaluated through a conservation calculation based on an existing methodology using a State of Conservation Index (SCIx), which served as an input in a Spatial Multicriteria Evaluation (SMCE). Factors that are considered important for the occurrence of landslides (slope, landcover, lithology and drainage density) and snow avalanches (slope, insolation, slope curvature and landcover) have been used to generate a susceptibility map. A qualitative risk assessment was carried out by combining susceptible areas and cultural heritage objects. As there were very limited historical data available on the occurrence of landslides and snow avalanches, a combination of local and expert knowledge has been used to extract information on both cultural heritage and natural hazards. Existing management plans were also analysed to evaluate how natural hazards could be incorporated. Finally, some recommendations are given related to the analysis of the impact of natural hazards on cultural heritage in Georgia. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Tarraguel, Antoni Alcaraz; Krol, Bart; van Westen, Cees] Univ Twente, Fac ITC, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. RP Tarraguel, AA (reprint author), Univ Twente, Fac ITC, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. EM tarraguel24178@itc.nl; krol@itc.nl; westen@itc.nl RI Van Westen, Cees J/A-4043-2010; Van Westen, Cees/AAE-4091-2020 OI Van Westen, Cees J/0000-0002-2992-902X; Van Westen, Cees/0000-0002-2992-902X FU Caucasus Environmental NGO Network (CENN); National Environmental Agency (NEA) FX This study was carried out as part of the MATRA project "Institutional Building for Natural Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Georgia". The authors want to thank the Caucasus Environmental NGO Network (CENN) and the National Environmental Agency (NEA) for their support and data provided. Special thanks to Kakha Bakhtadze, Kakha Chincharauli, Nino Kublashvili and Giorgi Gaprindashvili. CR Ayalew L, 2005, ENG GEOL, V81, P432, DOI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2005.08.004 Bromhead EN, 2006, LANDSLIDES, V3, P273, DOI 10.1007/s10346-006-0062-z Canuti P, 2009, LANDSLIDES - DISASTER RISK REDUCTION, P401, DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-69970-5_22 Castellanos Abella EA, 2008, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V94, P453, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.10.038 D'Ayala D, 2002, P 12 EUR C EARTHQ EN Fell R, 2008, ENG GEOL, V102, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.03.022 Fukuoka H, 2005, LandSlides: Risk Analysis and Sustainable Disaster Management, P81, DOI 10.1007/3-540-28680-2_9 Georgia Protected Areas Development Project (GPAP), 2008, UPP SVAN PROT AR MAN Gizzi FT, 2008, J CULT HERIT, V9, P302, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.11.002 Global Heritage Fund, 2009, SAV OUR VAN HER CHAL Goncalves L, 2009, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V23, P2795, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.03.002 Grinzato E, 2002, J CULT HERIT, V3, P21, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01159-7 [ICOMOS Ushguli Community], 2001, VILL CHAZH USHG COMM Iriarte E, 2010, J CULT HERIT, V11, P250, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.04.006 Jha AK, 2010, SAFER HOMES, STRONGER COMMUNITIES: A HANDBOOK FOR RECONSTRUCTING AFTER NATURAL DISASTERS, P173 Lanza SG, 2003, J CULT HERIT, V4, P159, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(03)00042-6 Lazzari M, 2009, J CULT HERIT, V10, pE104, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.10.003 Lollino G, 2006, LANDSLIDES, V3, P311, DOI 10.1007/s10346-006-0059-7 Maggioni M, 2003, COLD REG SCI TECHNOL, V37, P407, DOI 10.1016/S0165-232X(03)00080-6 Meier H., 2007, CULTURAL HERITAGE NA Sanchez MA, 2007, ENG GEOL, V94, P180, DOI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.08.004 SHAPIRA NH, 1986, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V56, P401, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(86)90343-8 Spennemann D. H. R., 2005, J ENVIRON MANAGE, V12, P89 Taboroff J, 2003, BUILDING SAFER CITIE, V3, P233 Taboroff J., 2000, DISASTER RISK MANAGE, V2, P233 UNESCO, 2010, WORLD HER LIST UPP S United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), 2003, ENV IMP HIST CULT MO WISNER B, 2006, [No title captured] NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP 453 EP 461 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.01.012 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 036JE UT WOS:000311021400014 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Gregory, D Jensen, P Straetkvern, K AF Gregory, David Jensen, Poul Straetkvern, Kristiane TI Conservation and in situ preservation of wooden shipwrecks from marine environments SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Marine; Waterlogged archaeological wood; Deterioration; Assessment; Conservation; In situ preservation ID WATERLOGGED ARCHAEOLOGICAL WOOD AB Wooden shipwrecks in the marine environment form a large part of the underwater cultural heritage. Over the past 50 years several wrecks have been excavated, raised and conserved. In the recent past there has been a trend towards preserving these sites in situ, on the seabed, as opposed to raising them. This article gives a brief overview of the deterioration of wood in the marine environment and the principles of the most commonly used methods for conserving waterlogged archaeological wood. Furthermore, a general approach to tackling the in situ preservation of wooden wrecks sites is given. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Gregory, David; Jensen, Poul; Straetkvern, Kristiane] Natl Museum Denmark, Conservat Dept, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. RP Gregory, D (reprint author), Natl Museum Denmark, Conservat Dept, IC Modewegs Vej, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM david.john.gregory@natmus.dk; poul.jensen@natmus.dk; kristiane.straetkvern@natmus.dk CR Bergstrand T., 2007, KULTURHISTORISKA DOK Bjordal CG, 2008, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V35, P862, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2007.06.005 Gregory D., 2008, MARITIME ARCHAELOGY, V23, P15 Gregory D.J., 1999, INT J NAUT ARCHAEOL, V27, P343 Gregory D, 2007, STUD CONSERV, V52, P289, DOI 10.1179/sic.2007.52.4.289 Hoffmann P., 1999, P 7 ICOM CC WORK GRO, P163 Hoffmann P., 2009, P 10 ICOM GROUP WET, P323 Hoffmann P., 1996, 11 TRIENN M ICOM COM, VII, P657 Jensen P, 2006, J CULT HERIT, V7, P156, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.05.001 Jensen P, 2006, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V33, P551, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2005.09.007 Jensen P., P 11 ICOM C IN PRESS Jones E.B. Gareth, 1971, MARINE BORERS FOULIN Kaye B, 2000, STUD CONSERV, V45, P233, DOI 10.2307/1506861 Manders M.R., 2004, CURRENT SCI, V86, P101 McCawley J.C., 1981, P ICOM WAT WOOD WORK, P253 Mikolaychuk E., 1996, P 6 ICOM GROUP WET O, P583 Morgos A., 2009, P 10 ICOM CC WORK WE, P253 Oxley I., 1998, PRESERVING ARCHAEOLO, P159 Quinn R, 2006, J ARCHAEOL SCI, V33, P1419, DOI 10.1016/j.jas.2006.01.011 Richards V., 2009, P 10 ICOM GROUP WET, P113 SMITH WC, 2003, ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSE Spriggs J., 2009, P 10 ICOM CC WORK GR, P271 Stewart J., 1995, MAT RES SOC S P MEX, V352, P867 Steyne H., 2008, PUBLIC PROFESSIONALS, P40 Tran K., 1990, ADV CHEM SER, p[225, 217] NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 13 IS 3 SU S BP S139 EP S148 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2012.03.005 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 004FW UT WOS:000308667200023 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Konkol, NR McNamara, CJ Hellman, E Mitchell, R AF Konkol, Nick R. McNamara, Christopher J. Hellman, Ethel Mitchell, Ralph TI Early detection of fungal biomass on library materials SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Fungi; Mold; Early detection; Paper; Library materials ID PAPER; BIODETERIORATION; SPORES; BOOK; SEM AB Library materials are susceptible to fungal deterioration. The paper constituents of archival materials are subjected to harmful physical and chemical processes as they are slowly consumed by fungi. Remediation of fungal contamination can be costly and risk further damage to fragile or previously degraded materials. Early detection of fungal growth would permit the use of relatively noninvasive treatments to remediate fungal contamination of artifacts before visible or lasting damage has occurred. Current methods used for the detection of microbial biomass, such as colony counts, microscopic biovolume estimation, and ergosterol analysis are expensive, time consuming, or are inappropriate for use with fungi. Beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.52) activity provides a rapid and reliable means of fungal detection on a variety of cultural heritage materials. Adapted for use on archival materials, fluorogenic 4-Methylumbelliferyl (MUF) labeled substrate N-acetyl-Beta-D-glucosamine (NAG) was used to detect fungal beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity. The fluorescence generated by minute quantities of fungi was quickly detected at an early stage of growth. The sensitivity of the assay was comparable to other biochemical techniques. The fluorometric assay was well-suited for early detection of fungal biomass on paper and assessment of the effectiveness of common remediation practices. (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Konkol, Nick R.; McNamara, Christopher J.; Mitchell, Ralph] Harvard Univ, Appl Microbiol Lab, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hellman, Ethel] Harvard Univ, Preservat & Imaging Dept, Harvard Coll Lib, Widener Lib, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mitchell, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Appl Microbiol Lab, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, 40 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mitchell@seas.harvard.edu CR Burge H.P., 1980, MYCOPATHOLOGICA, V64, P67 Ciferri O, 1999, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V65, P879 Fabbri AA, 1997, INT BIODETER BIODEGR, V39, P61, DOI 10.1016/S0964-8305(97)00001-2 Florian MLE, 2000, INT BIODETER BIODEGR, V46, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0964-8305(00)00062-7 Gessner M.O., 2002, MANUAL ENV MICROBIOL Gustafson R. A., 1990, Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, V29, P153, DOI 10.2307/3179580 Haines J. H., 1986, Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, V25, P49, DOI 10.2307/3179414 Konkol N, 2010, J MICROBIOL METH, V80, P178, DOI 10.1016/j.mimet.2009.12.008 MEYNELL GG, 1978, NATURE, V274, P466, DOI 10.1038/274466a0 Middleton B.C., 1977, ADV CHEM, V164 Miller M, 1998, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V64, P613 Piantanida G, 2006, MACROMOL SYMP, V238, P92, DOI 10.1002/masy.200650613 Pinzari F, 2006, MACROMOL SYMP, V238, P57, DOI 10.1002/masy.200650609 Ponce-Jimenez MD, 2002, J AM INST CONSERV, V41, P243, DOI 10.2307/3179921 Rakotonirainy MS, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.01.003 Rakotonirainy MS, 2003, LUMINESCENCE, V18, P113, DOI 10.1002/bio.710 Sarantopoulou E, 2006, APPL PHYS A-MATER, V83, P663, DOI 10.1007/s00339-006-3554-8 Silverman R., 2009, INT PRESERVATION NEW, V49, P31 Zotti M, 2008, INT BIODETER BIODEGR, V62, P186, DOI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2008.01.005 Zyska B, 1997, INT BIODETER BIODEGR, V40, P43, DOI 10.1016/S0964-8305(97)00061-9 NR 20 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2012 VL 13 IS 2 BP 115 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2010.05.002 PG 5 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 929ZV UT WOS:000303105700001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Kouris, LAS Kappos, AJ AF Kouris, Leonidas Alexandros S. Kappos, Andreas J. TI Detailed and simplified non-linear models for timber-framed masonry structures SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Timber-framed masonry; Seismic performance; Non-linear analysis; Plasticity model; Non-linear hinges ID EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION; SEISMIC BEHAVIOR; BUILDINGS; GREECE; LEFKADA; TURKEY; ISLAND AB The need for improved methodologies to describe the post-elastic behaviour of existing structures in the framework of seismic vulnerability assessment has long been recognised. The study presented herein deals with the non-linear seismic response of timber-framed (T-F) masonry structures, such as those found in traditional edifices of cultural heritage. T-F masonry generally consists of masonry walls reinforced with timber elements, including horizontal and vertical elements, as well as X-type diagonal braces. Since the Bronze Age T-F buildings were common in regions where moderate-to-strong earthquakes were frequent. There is ample historical evidence that the embodiment of timber elements in masonry walls is closely related to earthquakes. The paper focuses on the description of the seismic response of T-F structures by means of a detailed analytical model. Although elastic analysis can adequately identify regions with high stresses, it fails to capture the redistribution of stresses and the ensuing failure mechanism. The simulation of T-F masonry is made here using a plasticity model. Non-linear laws for the materials, such as a trilinear stress-strain curve for monotonic loading of timber and a Mohr-Coulomb contact law for wooden members, are used to express their behaviour under moderate and high stress levels. An associated flow rule is assumed and Hill's yield criterion is adopted with isotropic work-hardening. Masonry infills are not included in the model due to their insignificant contribution after the initial elastic stage of the response. The proposed finite element model is intended for a detailed non-linear static analysis of parts of a building. A simplified model using beam and link elements with non-linear axial springs is also developed, which is appropriate for 2D non-linear analysis of common buildings. Both models are validated using experimental results of three T-F masonry walls obtained from the literature. Finally a non-linear static analysis of the facade of an existing building situated in the island of Lefkas, Greece is performed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Kouris, Leonidas Alexandros S.; Kappos, Andreas J.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Civil Engn, Div Struct Engn, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. RP Kappos, AJ (reprint author), Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Civil Engn, Div Struct Engn, Univ Campus, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. EM lakouris@civil.auth.gr; ajkap@civil.auth.gr RI Kouris, Leonidas Alexandros/P-2147-2017 OI Kouris, Leonidas Alexandros/0000-0002-4859-7382; Kappos, A./0000-0002-5566-5021 FU Bodossaki Foundation FX The first author gratefully acknowledges the financial support provided by the 'Bodossaki Foundation' for carrying out this work. 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Cult. Herit. PD JAN-MAR PY 2012 VL 13 IS 1 BP 47 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2011.05.009 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 893ZG UT WOS:000300395800006 OA Green Accepted DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Berto, L Favaretto, T Saetta, A Antonelli, F Lazzarini, L AF Berto, Luisa Favaretto, Tommaso Saetta, Anna Antonelli, Fabrizio Lazzarini, Lorenzo TI Assessment of seismic vulnerability of art objects: The "Galleria dei Prigioni" sculptures at the Accademia Gallery in Florence SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Cultural heritage; Michelangelo's sculptures; Seismic assessment; Guidelines; Carrara marble AB The seismic assessment of art objects requires a multidisciplinary approach and the definition of a specific methodology for evaluating the level of safety and the possible interventions necessary for seismic risk prevention, finding a compromise between safety and conservation. This paper describes a first step in this direction, in which the different aspects of the procedure, from knowledge path of the art object to the structural analysis, were studied in the six Michelangelo's statues located in the "Galleria dei Prigioni" (Slaves' Gallery) at the Accademia Gallery of Florence. We showed that the general principles and criteria expressed in the "Italian Guidelines for evaluation and mitigation of seismic-risk to cultural heritage", which are specifically devoted to masonry constructions, could be profitably extended to other artworks, like statues, starting from historical research, geometrical survey and material characterization, up to the developing of specific methods of analysis. This research could be the base for future studies to be performed concerning the prevention of seismic damage of art objects, including both bare minimum interventions and specific devices, such as isolation systems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Berto, Luisa; Favaretto, Tommaso; Saetta, Anna] Univ IUAV Venice, Dept IUAV Res, I-30123 Venice, Italy. [Antonelli, Fabrizio; Lazzarini, Lorenzo] Univ IUAV Venice, LAMA Lab, I-30125 Venice, Italy. RP Saetta, A (reprint author), Univ IUAV Venice, Dept IUAV Res, Dorsoduro 2206, I-30123 Venice, Italy. EM saetta@iuav.it RI Saetta, Anna/L-6902-2015; Antonelli, Fabrizio/E-8777-2012 OI Saetta, Anna/0000-0003-0796-8404; BERTO, LUISA/0000-0003-4588-245X FU Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities FX The authors wish to acknowledge the help of Franca Falletti, Director of the "Accademia Gallery" in Florence and Roberto Scopigno, Head of the Visual Computing Laboratory ISTI-CNR Pisa. Particular thanks to Paolo Faccio and Laura Moro for their special contribution and to Manuel Cosio, whose support was invaluable. We also would like to thank the "Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities" for his financial support. 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TI Quantitative indexes based on geomorphologic features: A tool for evaluating human impact on natural and cultural heritage in caves SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Cave; Geomorphologic map; GIS; Natural heritage; Cultural heritage; Human impact ID TITO-BUSTILLO CAVE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ASTURIAS; SPAIN AB This work deals with the design of a method for evaluating both the degree of conservation of the geomorphologic heritage and the human impact linked to opening karstic caves for tourist use. The methodology was developed in Tito Bustillo Cave, a cave of tourist interest in Northern Spain, declared as a part of a World Human Heritage Site in 2008. A detailed geomorphologic map of the cave floor including natural features and anthropogenic features was drawn up at a scale of 1:250. The map was transferred to a Geographical Information System (GIS), allowing to drawn up a geomorphologic heritage map of the cave by grouping the geomorphologic features in three categories: natural heritage, cultural heritage and geomorphologic impact features derived from tourist use. Four quantitative indexes using several surface parameters derived from the cave heritage map and the surface of the natural cave (S-C) were established and measured. The Geomorphologic Heritage Conservation Index (G(HC)) considers the surface of natural geomorphologic heritage; the Total Anthropogenic Influence index (T-A) is calculated from the total surface of anthropogenic features; the Cultural Heritage Index (C-H) considers the extent of the Cultural Heritage with a surface expression in the floor cave, while the Index of Geomorphologic Impact linked to Tourist Use (G(TU)) is obtained from the surface of anthropogenic features derived from cave conditioning for tourist use. The obtained values range from 0.51 to 0.57, suggesting a significant impact on the natural geomorphologic heritage of the cave because of the opening of the cave to tourists. Geomorphologic heritage maps and the derived indexes can serve as useful quantitative tools to enhance cave cultural and natural heritage, and therefore, can contribute to cave management in tourist caves. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Jimenez-Sanchez, Montserrat; Jose Dominguez-Cuesta, Maria] Univ Oviedo, Dpto Geol, Oviedo 33005, Spain. [Aranburu, Arantza] Univ Basque Country, Dpto Mineral & Petrol, Fac Ciencia & Tecnol, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain. [Martos, E.] IGME, Oviedo 33005, Spain. RP Dominguez-Cuesta, MJ (reprint author), Univ Oviedo, Dpto Geol, C Arias de Velasco S-N, Oviedo 33005, Spain. EM mjimenez@geol.uniovi.es; mjdominguez@geol.uniovi.es; arantza.aranburu@ehu.es; e.martos@igme.es RI Jimenez-Sanchez, Montserrat/C-6277-2012; Dominguez-Cuesta, Maria Jose/X-9681-2019; Jimenez-Sanchez, Montserrat/C-7175-2015; Aranburu, Arantza/L-9502-2014 OI Dominguez-Cuesta, Maria Jose/0000-0002-1933-2107; Jimenez-Sanchez, Montserrat/0000-0001-8594-9781; FU Asturian Government (Consejeria de Cultura, Comunicacion Social y Turismo, Principado de Asturias) [CN-03-148] FX The authors are grateful to the Asturian Government (Consejeria de Cultura, Comunicacion Social y Turismo, Principado de Asturias) for providing facilities in the development of this work under the research project CN-03-148. We are also indebted to the staff of Tito Bustillo Cave for their helpful assistance, as well as to Tim Nicholson and Pablo Turrero for their kindly reviewing of the manuscript and Ana Alonso Zarza and another anonymous referee for their suggestions to improve the article. 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Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2011 VL 12 IS 3 BP 270 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2011.01.004 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 799IH UT WOS:000293279900004 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Pecchioli, L Carrozzino, M Mohamed, F Bergamasco, M Kolbe, TH AF Pecchioli, Laura Carrozzino, Marcello Mohamed, Fawzi Bergamasco, Massimo Kolbe, Thomas H. TI ISEE: Information access through the navigation of a 3D interactive environment SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Interactive 3D interface; Virtual reality; Augmented reality; Normalized 3D Gaussian; Spatial relevance; Cultural heritage data AB Managing heterogeneous information related to Cultural Heritage sites and artifacts is still a complex task. In latest years, there has been a significant trend towards the massive digitization of this data, as this allows more efficient and reliable storage and management processes. Furthermore, the relationship between conservation managers, who are often unfamiliar with current documentation techniques, and information providers, who tend to be highly technical practitioners without expertise in cultural heritage, is not easy to handle. Moreover, in Cultural Heritage objects often have a strong 3D component, and cannot be easily represented with conventional data management frameworks like Geographic Information System (GIS). The use of a 3D framework may allow a closer adherence to the real world, as it respects the spatial relationships among various parts. A novel method to access spatial information through the interactive navigation of a synthetic 3D model, reproducing the main features of a corresponding real environment, is proposed in this paper. The result of this work is a system called ISEE. An innovative aspect of the ISEE approach is represented by our definition of spatial relevance of information. The information is ranked with a novel measure of relevance that depends on the position/orientation in the 3D space, and allows for an intuitive interface. The basic idea of ISEE is to allow retrieving information by just looking around in a 3D environment, as moving and looking at the world is the main modality we use to gather information from it. Users explore in intuitive way a 3D environment and access the related information, kept in its spatial context. Information are accessed through "extended zones", i.e. portions of the 3D environment not having direct reference to specific elements, rather to the distribution of information and to the current user location. The use of extended zones gives to the proposed ranking algorithm a superior performance than rankings methods based on distance. Indeed the ISEE ranking matches the intuitive expectation of the users, as was verified with a formal usability test. The system has been applied to case studies related both to outdoor and indoor environments, showing its potential also as a smart guide with the use of augmented reality technologies. In order to enable access to a larger audience, sample applications using this method are based on Web technologies and do not require special training to be used. At the end of the paper are presented the results of an evaluation test, which provided useful suggestion to improve the system usability and performances. (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Pecchioli, Laura; Kolbe, Thomas H.] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Geodasie & Geoinformat Tech, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. [Carrozzino, Marcello; Bergamasco, Massimo] Scuola Super Sant Anna, PERCRO, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Mohamed, Fawzi] Humboldt Univ, Inst Chem, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. RP Pecchioli, L (reprint author), Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Geodasie & Geoinformat Tech, Str 17,Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. EM laura.pecchioli@gmx.de; m.carrozzino@sssup.it.it; fawzi@gmx.ch; bergamasco@sssup.it; thomas.kolbe@tu-berlin.de RI Carrozzino, Marcello/J-4517-2012 OI Carrozzino, Marcello/0000-0002-5268-7321; BERGAMASCO, Massimo/0000-0002-7418-2332 CR ANDUJAR C, 2006, P EUR S VIRT ENV LIS BOWMAN DA, 2004, THEORY PRACTICE CARROZZINO M, 2005, [No title captured], P270, DOI DOI 10.1145/1178477.1178524 CHEN C, 2009, P 22 CIPA S 11 15 OC GOSSLAU F, 1992, STIFTSKIRCHE QUENDLI Gruen Armin, 2009, P 22 CIPA S 11 15 OC JAIN SN, 2010, P INT ARCH PHOT REM, V38 KOLBE TH, 2004, P 2 S LOC BAS SERV T, V66, P45 LEITNER H, 2005, P BRESS SCI BEN CULT, P233 MINE MR, 1995, TR95020 UNC C HILL C PECCHIOLI L, 2008, ACCESSING INFORM NAV PECCHIOLI L, 2007, P ICHIM07 INT CULT H VOIGTLANDER K, 1989, STIFTSKIRCHE QUENDLI NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2011 VL 12 IS 3 BP 287 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2010.11.001 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 799IH UT WOS:000293279900006 OA Green Published DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Pesci, A Casula, G Boschi, E AF Pesci, Arianna Casula, Giuseppe Boschi, Enzo TI Laser scanning the Garisenda and Asinelli towers in Bologna (Italy): Detailed deformation patterns of two ancient leaning buildings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Mason Building; Leaning Building; Middle Ages; Deformation; Terrestrial Laser Scanner ID PO PLAIN; REGISTRATION; SUBSIDENCE; CONCRETE AB The Asinelli and Garisenda towers are the main symbols of the city of Bologna (Italy). These leaning towers, whose heights are about 97 and 48m respectively, were built during the early 12(th) century and are two of the few surviving ones from about 100 tall medieval buildings that once characterized the city. Therefore, they are part of the Italian cultural heritage and their safeguard is extremely important. In order to evaluate in detail the deformations of these towers, in particular the deviations from a regular inclination of their walls, the terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has been used and an efficient direct analysis method has been developed. The towers have been scanned from six viewpoints, providing 19-point clouds with a complete coverage of the visible surfaces with large overlap areas. For each tower, after the registration of the partial point clouds into a common reference frame, an accurate morphological analysis of the acquired surfaces has been carried out. The results show several zones affected by significant deformations and inclination changes. In the case of the Asinelli tower, for which a finite element model is available, the results have also been interpreted on the basis of the static load and normal modes. The correspondence between the measured deformation and the theoretically expected deformation, caused by a seismic sequence, is clear. This fact suggests a high sensibility of the tower to dynamic loads. Although a direct evaluation of the risk cannot be carried out with the obtained results, they lead to the general indication that the structural health of these buildings must be frequently checked and that man-made loads (e.g. vibration due to vehicular traffic) should be avoided or at least reduced. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Pesci, Arianna; Casula, Giuseppe] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Bologna, I-40128 Bologna, Italy. [Boschi, Enzo] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-00143 Rome, Italy. [Boschi, Enzo] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. RP Pesci, A (reprint author), Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Bologna, Via Creti 12, I-40128 Bologna, Italy. EM pesci@bo.ingv.it; casula@bo.ingv.it; boschi@ingv.it RI Boschi, Enzo/B-4211-2011 OI Boschi, Enzo/0000-0003-0527-9664; Casula, Giuseppe/0000-0001-7934-2019; PESCI, Arianna/0000-0003-1863-3132 CR Avallone A, 2010, ANN GEOPHYS-ITALY, V53, P39, DOI 10.4401/ag-4549 Bae KH, 2008, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V63, P36, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2007.05.012 Baldi P, 2009, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V288, P204, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2009.09.023 Bergevin R, 1996, IEEE T PATTERN ANAL, V18, P540, DOI 10.1109/34.494643 BERTACCHINI E, 2010, FIG C 2010 SYDN AUST Bitelli G, 2000, J GEODYN, V30, P355, DOI 10.1016/S0264-3707(99)00071-X Carminati E, 2002, ENG GEOL, V66, P241, DOI 10.1016/S0013-7952(02)00031-5 Clark MR, 2003, NDT&E INT, V36, P265, DOI 10.1016/S0963-8695(02)00060-9 DIBOLOGNA C, 2004, RETE GRANDE BOLOGNA FAVA A, 2003, CARATTERISTICHE DEGL *GIM, TERR LAS SCANN Hutchinson TC, 2006, J COMPUT CIVIL ENG, V20, P210, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(2006)20:3(210) *INN, POLYWORKS REF MAN Marchetti M, 2002, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V44, P361, DOI 10.1016/S0169-555X(01)00183-0 *OPT, ILRIS 3D LAS SCANN D Park HS, 2007, COMPUT-AIDED CIV INF, V22, P19, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8667.2006.00466.x Peeters B, 2001, J DYN SYST-T ASME, V123, P659, DOI 10.1115/1.1410370 Pesci A, 2007, INT J REMOTE SENS, V28, P203, DOI 10.1080/01431160500534473 Pesci A, 2011, REMOTE SENS-BASEL, V3, P167, DOI 10.3390/rs3010167 Pesci A, 2010, ANN GEOPHYS-ITALY, V53, P55, DOI 10.4401/ag-4740 Rens K. L., 1997, GLASS CERAM, V11, P97 Riva P, 1998, SOIL DYN EARTHQ ENG, V17, P525, DOI 10.1016/S0267-7261(98)00009-8 RIVA P, 2003, 1 TERREMOTI BOLOGNA, P365 Stramondo S, 2007, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V110, P304, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2007.02.023 Vosselman G., 2010, AIRBORNE TERRESTRIAL Yastikli N, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P423, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.06.003 NR 26 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2011 VL 12 IS 2 BP 117 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2011.01.002 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 762IY UT WOS:000290471000001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Pizzo, B Garabelli, G Varetto, M Brancati, LE Locandieri, M Pecoraro, E Macchioni, N AF Pizzo, Benedetto Garabelli, Giorgio Varetto, Michelangelo Brancati, Luca Emilio Locandieri, Marina Pecoraro, Elisa Macchioni, Nicola TI On site consolidation of burnt and partially charred wood in dry conditions SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Burnt wood; Carbonized wood; Charcoal; Abrasion test; Reuse; Charred carving ID REGALREZ AB Forty years ago in a xxth-century church in Torino, a small fire partially burned some of the decorative external boards of the sound-box of the organ. The focus of this present work was to find a treatment able to consolidate partially burnt wood in dry conditions, in which the external charred layer would be lost if not well preserved because of its incoherence. The product had to be applied onsite on an architectural structure intended to be reused again (and not simply exhibited). This circumstance is rarely encountered in the conservation of wooden Cultural Heritage. The efficacy of treatments was evaluated on the basis of a suitable and original experimental methodology, which took into account both the immediate and long-term behaviour of the various tested products. Although the opportunity to carry out this work came from a real case, both the selected product and the set up evaluation methodology have a general validity and they can be effectively used in other similar situations in which a slight antipowdering effect is required for treatment. (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Pizzo, Benedetto; Macchioni, Nicola] CNR IVALSA, Ist Valorizzaz Legno & Specie Arboree, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. [Garabelli, Giorgio; Varetto, Michelangelo; Brancati, Luca Emilio; Locandieri, Marina] Consorzio San Luca, I-10123 Turin, Italy. [Pecoraro, Elisa] Univ Palermo, Corso Laurea Conservaz & Restauro Beni Culturali, Palermo, Italy. RP Pizzo, B (reprint author), CNR IVALSA, Ist Valorizzaz Legno & Specie Arboree, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. EM pizzo@ivalsa.cnr.it RI Pizzo, Benedetto/A-5399-2010 OI Pizzo, Benedetto/0000-0003-3638-4635 CR [Anonymous], 1923, PARISH NEWSLETTER S [Anonymous], 1977, PARISH NEWSLETTER PA [Anonymous], 1911, PARISH NEWSLETTER PA Arslanoglu J., 2003, WAAC NEWSLETTER, V25, P12 Auricchio T., 2004, P 3 INT M ANTHR CHAR Ballester MAD, 2001, PROG ORG COAT, V43, P258 Bresc-Bautier G., 2004, TECHNE, V19, P68 Castelli C., 1988, QUADERNI SKILL, P55 Ciatti M., 2005, DIPINTI TAVOLA TECNI Cobb K. 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Cult. Herit. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 12 IS 1 BP 19 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2010.09.003 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 722ZK UT WOS:000287474500003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Kim, CJ Yoo, WS Lee, UK Song, KJ Kang, KI Cho, H AF Kim, Chang-Jun Yoo, Wi Sung Lee, Ung-Kyun Song, Ki-Jun Kang, Kyung-In Cho, Hunhee TI An experience curve-based decision support model for prioritizing restoration needs of cultural heritage SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Stochastic analytic hierarchy process; Decision support model; Knowledge-based experience curve; Restoration priorities ID ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS; AVOIDING RANK REVERSAL; GENETIC ALGORITHM; AHP; ENVIRONMENT; SYSTEM AB Today's restoration and preservation of cultural heritage is an important task because of its historical significance, symbolism, and economic benefits. Decision makers or executors often encounter with taking decisions on which heritage is prioritized to be restored within the limited budget. However, very few tools are available to determine appropriately restoration priorities for the diverse historical heritages, perhaps because of a lack of systematized decision-making aids. This paper proposes an alternative decision support model to prioritize restoration needs within the executable budget. The model is constructed on stochastic analytic hierarchy process (S-AHP) and knowledge-based experience curve (EC); the former requires the input data to be random variables for interpreting probabilistically the ranks of the prioritized heritages and the latter reflects quantitatively the contribution of experts' knowledge to weighting significant criteria in carrying out an assessment of restoration urgency. The application of 14 cultural heritages in Korea has been conducted, and the results are analyzed to illustrate the model's efficiency. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Kang, Kyung-In; Cho, Hunhee] Korea Univ, Sch Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Kim, Chang-Jun] Korea Cultural Heritage Adm, Cultural Heritage Bur, Daejonn 302701, South Korea. [Yoo, Wi Sung] Korea Univ, Res Inst Engn & Technol, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Lee, Ung-Kyun] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Song, Ki-Jun] Doosan Construct & Engn, Housing Div, Seoul, South Korea. RP Cho, H (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, 5Ga Anam Dong, Seoul 136701, South Korea. EM kjk0520@ocp.go.kr; wisungyoo@korea.ac.kr; uklee@korea.ac.kr; kidoli@korea.ac.kr; kikang@korea.ac.kr; hhcho@korea.ac.kr RI Kang, Kyung-In/D-2670-2013; Cho, Hunhee/D-2662-2013 OI Lee, Ung-Kyun/0000-0001-8625-3305 CR ACZEL J, 1983, J MATH PSYCHOL, V27, P93, DOI 10.1016/0022-2496(83)90028-7 BASAK I, 1990, EUR J OPER RES, V48, P148, DOI 10.1016/0377-2217(90)90071-I Berry Michael J., 1997, DATA MINING TECHNIQU Bhushan N., 2004, STRATEGIC DECISION M Chan A. P. 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L., 1980, ANAL HIERARCHY PROCE Sanna U, 2008, J CULT HERIT, V9, P311, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.12.004 SCHENKERMAN S, 1994, EUR J OPER RES, V74, P407, DOI 10.1016/0377-2217(94)90220-8 SCHONER B, 1989, DECISION SCI, V20, P462, DOI 10.1111/j.1540-5915.1989.tb01561.x VARGAS LG, 1994, EUR J OPER RES, V74, P420, DOI 10.1016/0377-2217(94)90221-6 Wang HJ, 2008, EXPERT SYST APPL, V35, P1601, DOI 10.1016/j.eswa.2007.08.095 ZAHIR MS, 1991, EUR J OPER RES, V53, P206 NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD OCT-DEC PY 2010 VL 11 IS 4 BP 430 EP 437 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2010.03.004 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 660XO UT WOS:000282680500009 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Iriarte, E Sanchez, MA Foyo, A Tomillo, C AF Iriarte, Eneko Sanchez, Miguel Angel Foyo, Alberto Tomillo, Carmen TI Geological risk assessment for cultural heritage conservation in karstic caves SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Karstic cave; Cultural heritage; Damage prevention; Heritage conservation; Geological risk; Karst geomorphology ID CLASSIFICATION; GEOMETRY; BLOCKS AB The increasing awareness of some local and international authorities has promoted the appearance of new legislation and the rising of research works focused in the prevention of damage to the cultural heritage in karstic caves. Nevertheless, karstic areas usually imply complex studies, and a universal methodology is very difficult to establish. This work exposes the basic methodology for the geological risk assessment in archaeological site and/or rock art bearing karstic caves getting a strategy that provides flexibility to adjust specific methods according to the conditions of different cases. The integrated use of basic geological (mapping, petrology, stratigraphy...) and geotechnical (rock mass quality analytical methods and indexes) techniques used in engineering geology is proposed. Those techniques permit the geological characterization of the rock mass, the hazard identification and the analysis and the geological risk assessment of the research area. Obtained geological risk areas could be included in protection areas that could be used as the basis for the selection of the areas where further investigations and the application of prevention/mitigation measures would have a better cost/benefit ratio. The geological risk should be considered together with other type risk evaluations in order to define effective protection areas. (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Iriarte, Eneko; Sanchez, Miguel Angel; Foyo, Alberto; Tomillo, Carmen] Univ Cantabria, Dpto Ciencia & Ingn Terreno, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Iriarte, Eneko; Sanchez, Miguel Angel; Foyo, Alberto; Tomillo, Carmen] Univ Cantabria, Mat Inst Int Invest Prehist Cantabria, ETS Ingn Caminos Canales & Puertos, E-39005 Santander, Spain. RP Iriarte, E (reprint author), CSIC, Dpto Arqueol Antropol, Inst Mila & Fontanals, Egipciaques 15, Barcelona 08001, Spain. EM eneko.iriarte@imf.csic.es; sanchemi@unican.es; foyoa@unican.es; tomilloc@unican.es RI Iriarte, Eneko/K-6830-2019; Iriarte, Eneko/L-4707-2014; Iriarte, Eneko/B-5045-2010 OI Iriarte, Eneko/0000-0001-8365-5616; Iriarte, Eneko/0000-0001-8365-5616; CR AGUIRREZABALA LM, 1996, THESIS U PAIS VASCO ALLISON RJ, 2002, [No title captured] [Anonymous], 1979, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, V15, P319 BAONZA E, 1980, ACT S INT SOBR ART P, P613 BECK BF, 2003, SINKHOLES ENG ENV IM Bieniawski Z.T., 1989, ENG ROCK MASS CLASSI BROWN ET, 1981, GEOLOGICAL SOC LONDO Cabrera J. M., 1980, ACT S INT SOBR ART P, P621 Catani F., 2002, APPL GEOMORPHOLOGY T, P303 Del Monte M, 2002, APPL GEOMORPHOLOGY T, P335 Einstein HH, 1988, P 5 INT S LANDSL LAU, P1075 FERRER M, 1999, GONZALEZ VALLEJO MAN Ford D., 2007, KARST HYDROGEOLOGY G Gonzalez de Vallejo L., 2002, INGENIERIA GEOLOGICA Gustavsson M, 2008, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V95, P335, DOI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.06.014 HERAS C, 1988, P CONS INT MUS ENC C, P217 HOYOS M, 1981, CARACTERISTICA UNPUB HOYOS M, 1997, INFORM PRELIMINAR DE HOYOS M, 1991, P MES RED HISP FRANC, P62 *INT UN GEOL SCI W, 1997, P INT WORKSH LANDS R Kalenchuk KS, 2006, INT J ROCK MECH MIN, V43, P1212, DOI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2006.04.004 LINAN C, 2004, INVESTIGACIONES SIST, V12, P385 Mauldon M, 2001, J STRUCT GEOL, V23, P247, DOI 10.1016/S0191-8141(00)00094-8 Parise M, 2007, GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL, V279, P1 Pena Llopis J., 2006, SISTEMAS INFORM GEOG PENALVER X, 2006, MADELEINE ALDIKO ZIN Penalver X., 2007, VELEIA, V24-25, P209 Price D.G., 2009, ENG GEOLOGY PRINCIPL RHAN PH, 1996, ENG GEOLOGY ENV APPR Sanchez MA, 2007, ENG GEOL, V94, P180, DOI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.08.004 Smith JV, 2004, J STRUCT GEOL, V26, P1317, DOI 10.1016/j.jsg.2003.11.019 Starzec P, 2002, INT J ROCK MECH MIN, V39, P807, DOI 10.1016/S1365-1609(02)00046-1 Teeuw RM, 2007, GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL, V283, P93, DOI 10.1144/SP283.8 *UNESCO WORLD HER, 2008, DEC AD 32 SESS WORLD URIBEETXEBERRIA G, 2005, THESIS U PAIS VASCO VALLE FJ, 1978, P SEM PREH ARQ SECC Veni G, 1999, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V31, P151, DOI 10.1016/S0169-555X(99)00077-X VILLAR E, 1984, MONOGRAFIA CTR INVES, V11 Waltham AC, 2003, Q J ENG GEOL HYDROGE, V36, P101, DOI 10.1144/1470-9236/2002-33 Windsor CR, 1997, INT J ROCK MECH MIN, V34, P919, DOI 10.1016/S1365-1609(97)80004-4 NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2010 VL 11 IS 3 BP 250 EP 258 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.04.006 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 625BV UT WOS:000279867800002 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Abruzzese, D Miccoli, L Yuan, JL AF Abruzzese, Donato Miccoli, Lorenzo Yuan, Jianli TI Mechanical behavior of leaning masonry Huzhu Pagoda SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Ancient pagoda; Masonry tower; Cultural heritage; Leaning tower; Huzhu Pagoda AB The paper has been developed in the framework of a larger research program, in which the University of Rome "Tor Vergata" (Italy) and the Yangzhou University (China) are jointly involved to study and preserve historic towers. The research aims to evaluate the risk of collapse of the Huzhu Pagoda in Songjiang County, a leaning tower built in the XI century. Mechanical properties of the masonry material have been obtained by experimental tests on small specimen and the mechanical behaviour of the structure has been evaluated via numerical models. The static analysis of this ancient pagoda constitute a prerequisite base for the evaluation of its structural behavior leading to a suitable maintenance program. The architectural characteristics and damage conditions of the pagoda are key parameters in the preparation of a complex analytical model. The pagoda leans more than six and half degrees, and exhibits some bad structural conditions. Static analysis is carried out via finite-element method in order to establish a reliable numerical model and assess the static risk. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Abruzzese, Donato; Miccoli, Lorenzo] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Civil Engn, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yuan, Jianli] Yangzhou Univ, Coll Architecture Sci & Engn, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. RP Abruzzese, D (reprint author), Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Civil Engn, Via Politecn 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy. EM abruzzese@uniroma2.it; miccoli@ing.uniroma2.it; yjl@yzu.edu.cn RI Abruzzese, Donato/C-6395-2013; Miccoli, Lorenzo/B-8397-2013 OI Miccoli, Lorenzo/0000-0003-0803-7214; Abruzzese, Donato/0000-0003-0798-5239 FU Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE)Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Italy); International Relations Office of University of Rome "Tor Vergata"; University of Yangzhou FX The authors wish to acknowledge the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE) and the International Relations Office of University of Rome "Tor Vergata", as well the University of Yangzhou to support the research in the framework of the international cooperation between the Italian and Chinese Universities. CR ABRUZZESE D, 2004, P SIN IT WORKSH PRES, P74 Bennati S, 2005, J STRUCT ENG, V131, P1656, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:11(1656) BERARDI G, 1991, ASS GEOT IT 10 ECSMF Como M., 1993, P INT C PHYS MATH ST, P187 FEDERICO F, 2001, 15 INT C SOIL MECH G Halabian AA, 2002, SOIL DYN EARTHQ ENG, V22, P639, DOI 10.1016/S0267-7261(02)00061-1 LUO Z, 1994, ANCIENT PAGODAS CHIN PAPA E, 2001, P 2 INT C STUD ANC S, P345 YUAN JL, 1998, EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT, V1 YUAN JL, 2004, P SIN IT WORKSH PRES, P63 NR 10 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD OCT-DEC PY 2009 VL 10 IS 4 BP 480 EP 486 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2009.02.004 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 518HO UT WOS:000271681900004 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Grassi, S Favaro, M Tomasin, P Dei, L AF Grassi, Scilla Favaro, Monica Tomasin, Patrizia Dei, Luigi TI Nanocontainer aqueous systems for removing polymeric materials from marble surfaces: A new and promising tool in cultural heritage conservation SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Marble surfaces; Conservation; Polymeric patinas; Micellar solutions; Oil-in-water microemulsions ID EXPOSED STONE MONUMENTS AB The present study dealt with the characterisation of marble surfaces coated by three kinds of polymeric material usually employed in stones conservation and with the evaluation of the removal of these coatings from the surfaces by means of new nanocontainer aqueous systems constituted of micellar solutions (MS) and oil-in-water microemulsions (MC). The polymeric coatings were also subjected to accelerated artificial ageing in order to detect possible effects associated to natural photochemical ageing. The aim of the work was the assessment of the performance of such nanocontainer aqueous systems taking acetone (Ac) as a reference "traditional" solvent for the removal procedure. The characterisation was carried out by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopies and the results obtained showed that the performance of these innovative methods based on nanocontainer aqueous systems can be considered highly promising in the view of a "green approach" to the conservation of cultural heritage. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Grassi, Scilla; Dei, Luigi] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Chim, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. [Grassi, Scilla; Dei, Luigi] Univ Florence, Consorzio CSGI, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. [Favaro, Monica; Tomasin, Patrizia] CNR, ICIS, Corso Stati Uniti, I-35127 Padua, Italy. RP Dei, L (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dipartimento Chim, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. EM sciliegia@gmail.com; favaro@icis.cnr.it; tomasin@icis.cnr.it; dei@csgi.unifi.it FU CNR-ICIS Padova; CSGI Consortium; University of Florence FX The authors wish to express their deep gratitude to the reviewer who had a fundamental role in highly improving the quality of the paper. CNR-ICIS Padova, CSGI Consortium and University of Florence (Fondi d'Ateneo ex-60%) are gratefully acknowledged for financial support. Thanks also to Fila Industrie Chimiche SpA for the availability of the FEI Quanta 200 FEG-ESEM. CR AMOROSO G, 1997, PIETRA DALLE MANI AR AMOROSO GG, 2002, TRATTATO SCI CONSERV, P314 Attanasio D., 2003, ANCIENT WHITE MARBLE BORGIOLI L, 1995, [No title captured], V4, P67 Carretti E, 2003, LANGMUIR, V19, P7867, DOI 10.1021/la034757q Chiantore O, 2001, POLYMER, V42, P17, DOI 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00327-X Chiantore O, 2000, POLYMER, V41, P1657, DOI 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00349-3 Favaro M, 2007, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V92, P335, DOI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.12.008 Favaro M, 2006, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V91, P3083, DOI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.08.012 FERRONI E, 1991, ECOLOGICAL PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, P345 GRASSI S, 2006, ATT GIORN STUD FACC, P67 Grassi S, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P119, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.10.008 Haake S., 2004, P 10 INT C DET CONS, P423 Herz N., 1988, CLASSICAL MARBLE GEO HORIE CV, 1987, ADHESIVES COATINGS Melo MJ, 1999, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V66, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0141-3910(99)00048-8 Moreau C., 2007, 7 EUR C SAUV SAF CUL, P197 NONFARMALE O, 1976, CONSERVATION STONE, V1, P401 PRICE CA, 1996, [No title captured] ROSSIMANARESI R, 1976, CONSERVATION STONE, V1, P547 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2009 VL 10 IS 3 BP 347 EP 355 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.10.003 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 469OP UT WOS:000267909500004 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Cerchiara, T Chidichimo, G Gallucci, MC Ferraro, R Vuono, D Nastro, A AF Cerchiara, Teresa Chidichimo, Giuseppe Gallucci, Maria Caterina Ferraro, Rita Vuono, Danilo Nastro, Alfonso TI Use of Spanish broom (Spartium junceum L.) canvas as a painting support: Evaluation of the effects of environmental conditions SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Canvas painting analysis; Spanish broom; Flax; TGA; FT-IR ID MULTIVARIATE CONTROL CHARTS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CONSERVATION; LINEN AB One of the problems in the field of cultural heritage is the degradation of artworks and especially paintings. They appear very sensitive to environmental conditions. In this work, Spanish broom canvas is proposed as a novel painting support. In order to assess the deterioration properties of this new type of canvas, three degradation processes (exposure to wet atmosphere, to acidic attack and to UV light) were simulated and investigated. The deterioration state of the samples was monitored with Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The structure of the canvas was also analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). These techniques were successfully applied to study the occurrence significant changes of samples. The exposure to acidic and UV attack produced deep changes on the samples (only on the canvas surface in the case of UV light), while no significant effect was identified on the sample after the exposure to wet atmosphere. The results obtained from Spanish broom canvas are reported in comparison to flax canvas. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Cerchiara, Teresa; Chidichimo, Giuseppe; Gallucci, Maria Caterina; Ferraro, Rita] Univ Calabria, Dept Chem, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. [Vuono, Danilo; Nastro, Alfonso] Univ Calabria, Dept Terr Planning, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. RP Cerchiara, T (reprint author), Univ Calabria, Dept Chem, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. EM teresa.cerchiara@unical.it RI Gallucci, Maria Caterina/R-6391-2017 OI Gallucci, Maria Caterina/0000-0001-8089-4937; CHIDICHIMO, GIUSEPPE/0000-0003-0604-0356 CR Botaro VR, 2001, APPL SURF SCI, V183, P120, DOI 10.1016/S0169-4332(01)00571-2 Carr DJ, 2003, J THERM ANAL CALORIM, V73, P97, DOI 10.1023/A:1025129407200 CERCHIARA T, 2007, P NANOITALTEX 2007 N, P46 CHIDICHIMO G, 2006, Patent No. 2006 Drago F, 2004, VISUAL COMPUT, V20, P314, DOI 10.1007/s00371-004-0240-8 FERRARO R, 2007, THESIS CALABRIA U IT Foster G, 1997, THERMOCHIM ACTA, V294, P81, DOI 10.1016/S0040-6031(96)03147-4 KATSUDA N, 1997, [No title captured], V3, P231 Marengo E, 2006, VIB SPECTROSC, V40, P225, DOI 10.1016/j.vibspec.2005.09.005 Marengo E, 2004, TALANTA, V63, P987, DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2004.01.003 Marengo E, 2003, ANAL CHEM, V75, P5567, DOI 10.1021/ac0300791 Mecklenburg M. F., 1999, ASHRAE J, V41, P77 Sefain MZ, 1995, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V50, P195, DOI 10.1016/0141-3910(95)00149-2 *UNICAL CRF PROJ M, 2003, 987 UNICALCRF PROJ M NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2009 VL 10 IS 3 BP 396 EP 402 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.12.002 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 469OP UT WOS:000267909500010 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Pinheiro, AC Macedo, MF AF Pinheiro, Ana Catarina Macedo, Maria Filomena TI Risk assessment: A comparative study of archive storage rooms SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Risk assessment; Archives; Cultural heritage; Paper AB The goal of preventive conservation is to provide the correct maintenance of our cultural heritage in order to enrich our future. The Canadian Museum of Nature developed a risk model for preventive conservation that has proven useful in application to a Portuguese archive. This work applies this model to compare the magnitudes of specific risks estimated for this same archive collection when located in either of two pairs of storage rooms. These rooms are in two different parts of this building: two are in an older part and two are in a recent addition. It was, therefore, necessary to assess the building itself, both structurally and environmentally, as well as analyse its common human practices. In terms of the overall risk magnitude, the best room was found to be in the recent building and the worst in the older building. However, risks related to water problems were found to be higher in the new building. In this work cost-free measures and easy to implement recommendations are given in order to improve the quality of the storage rooms. A final comment on the method itself is also given. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Pinheiro, Ana Catarina; Macedo, Maria Filomena] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Conservacao & Restauro, P-2829516 Quinta Da Torre, Caparica, Portugal. RP Pinheiro, AC (reprint author), Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Conservacao & Restauro, P-2829516 Quinta Da Torre, Caparica, Portugal. EM catmarpin@gmail.com RI Macedo, M.F./V-2568-2018; pinheiro, ana catarina/L-1754-2019 OI Macedo, M.F./0000-0003-4366-4192; pinheiro, ana catarina/0000-0002-7194-5496 CR AGABABIAN M, 1991, STUDIES CONSERVATION, V36, P111 ASHLEYSMITH J, 1999, RISK ASSESSMENT OBJE, P17 EMERY S, 2006, ENCONTRO PREVANCAO P LAVEDRINE B, 2003, GUIDE PREVENTIVE CON, P142 Lemieux V. L., 2004, MANAGING RISKS RECOR MICHALSKI S, 2000, CANADIAN CONSERVATIO, V23 Michalski S, 1990, ICOM COMM CONS 9 TRI, P589 MICHALSKI S, 2002, 13 TRIENN M ICOM COM, P66 TETREAULT J, 2003, AIRBORNE POLLUTANTS, P138 THOMAS G B, 1986, P3 WALLER R, 2003, ACTA U GOTHOBURGENSI, V13 Waller R., 1994, PREVENTIVE CONSERVAT, P12 Waller R, 1995, STORAGE NATURAL HIST, P21 NR 13 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2009 VL 10 IS 3 BP 428 EP 434 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.10.005 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 469OP UT WOS:000267909500015 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Thiebaut, B Vilmont, LB Lavedrine, B AF Thiebaut, Benoit Vilmont, Leon-Bavi Lavedrine, Bertrand TI Characterization of U-matic videotape deterioration by size exclusion chromatography and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the role of adipic acid SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Magnetic tape; Binder; Polyester-polyurethane; Hydrolysis; Thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM); Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH); Simultaneous pyrolysis methylation (SPM); Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC); Adipic acid ID THERMOPLASTIC URETHANE ELASTOMERS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MAGNETIC COATINGS; POLYURETHANE; TAPE; HYDROLYSIS; BINDER AB Magnetic tapes contain information that are an important part of our cultural heritage and must be preserved for further generations. However, they are unfortunately threatened due to the chemical deterioration of the magnetic layer. In order to develop a tool to assess the tape collection condition, 300 U-matic videotapes from the Institut National de l'Audiovisuel (INA) collection dated from 1975 to 1995 were analysed by different analytical techniques. The authors were attempting to constitute a group of 29 reference tapes representative of the INA collection using various analytical testing. The focus of this study was on hydrolytic tape stability using binder polymer identification and ageing tests. It was found that PET based polyester-polyurethane binders demonstrated a higher hydrolytic stability than binders made of poly (butyleneadipate)/polyurethane, which are more susceptible to fast deterioration. The authors examined the role of adipic acid in the hydrolytic degradation process. For such tape binders, a deterioration assessment method could be based on monitoring the adipic acid concentration and adipic acid rich oligomeric fragments in the binders. A method for measuring the amount of polymeric fragments in the low molecular weight region is proposed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Thiebaut, Benoit; Vilmont, Leon-Bavi; Lavedrine, Bertrand] Museum Natl Hist Nat, CNRS, Ctr Rech Conservat Collect, Minist Culture & Commun,UMR 7188, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Vilmont, LB (reprint author), Museum Natl Hist Nat, CNRS, Ctr Rech Conservat Collect, Minist Culture & Commun,UMR 7188, 36 Rue Geoffroy St Hilaire,CP21, F-75005 Paris, France. EM vilmont@mnhn.fr FU ECEuropean Commission Joint Research CentreEuropean Community (EC) [FP6-IST-507336] FX This work has been carried out thanks to the EC funding provided by the 6th European Framework Program for PRESTOSPACE FP6-IST-507336 project. The authors acknowledge the French Institut national de Paudiovisuel for providing magnetic tape samples and generous technical support. CR BAKER MT, 1995, P SSCR 2 RES C AB UK, P106 BHUSHAN B, 1996, TRIBOLOGY MECH MAGNE, P231 BRADSHAW R, 1986, IBM J RES DEV, V30, P203, DOI 10.1147/rd.302.0203 BROWN DW, 1980, MACROMOLECULES, V13, P248, DOI 10.1021/ma60074a009 Challinor JM, 2001, J ANAL APPL PYROL, V61, P3, DOI 10.1016/S0165-2370(01)00146-2 CORISH PJ, 1959, ANAL CHEM, V31, P1298, DOI 10.1021/ac60152a015 CUDDIHY EF, 1980, IEEE T MAGN, V16, P558, DOI 10.1109/TMAG.1980.1060652 EDGE M, 1993, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V39, P207, DOI 10.1016/0141-3910(93)90097-3 FRANKOSKI SP, 1972, ANAL CHEM, V44, P507, DOI 10.1021/ac60311a052 GEDAM PH, 1983, PROG ORG COAT, V11, P313, DOI 10.1016/0033-0655(83)85006-7 GILMOUR I, 1992, PHONOGRAPHIC B, V61, P74 Green C.V., 1960, Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, V8, P156 Haken JK, 1996, J CHROMATOGR A, V756, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9673(96)00655-3 HESS RL, 2006, P AES 121 CONV SAN F HUISMAN HF, 1988, PROG ORG COAT, V16, P177, DOI 10.1016/0033-0655(88)80013-X Jeon KS, 1999, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V193, P300, DOI 10.1016/S0304-8853(98)00512-5 KREISELMAIER KW, 1973, PIGMENT HDB, P315 Lindstrom A, 2004, J CHROMATOGR A, V1022, P171, DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.09.036 Mehl JT, 2000, ANAL CHEM, V72, P2490, DOI 10.1021/ac991283k Nakamae K, 1996, INT J ADHES ADHES, V16, P277, DOI 10.1016/S0143-7496(96)00015-2 Oertel G., 1994, POLYURETHANE HDB OHTANI H, 1987, J ANAL APPL PYROL, V12, P115, DOI 10.1016/0165-2370(87)85061-1 OVERTURF GE, 1999, MALDI ANAL ESTANE DE Palanivelu K, 2002, POLYM TEST, V21, P345, DOI 10.1016/S0142-9418(01)00095-2 Samios CK, 2000, EUR POLYM J, V36, P937, DOI 10.1016/S0014-3057(99)00139-1 Schollenberger C. 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PD APR-JUN PY 2009 VL 10 IS 2 BP 183 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.04.010 PG 15 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 458LR UT WOS:000267025400003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU del Barrio, MJ Herrero, LC Sanz, JA AF Jose del Barrio, Maria Cesar Herrero, Luis Angel Sanz, Jose TI Measuring the efficiency of heritage institutions: A case study of a regional system of museums in Spain SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Economics of heritage; Museums; Efficiency; Data Envelopment Analysis; Multivariate analysis; Spain ID CULTURAL-HERITAGE AB Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a widely applied tool in efficiency evaluation for public administration, yet has scarcely been put to use in the case of heritage institutions. The goal of the current paper is to evaluate the technical efficiency of a regional system of museums, the hypothesis being that these bodies represent one organization of productive resources (employment, equipment, art collections, and so on), aimed at providing various goods and services linked to their basic functions: conservation, exhibiting, research and dissemination of cultural heritage. Yet, given the diverse nature of this kind of institution, previous sorting and classification is required in order to obtain homogeneous clusters for the various elements. This research therefore merges multivariate statistical techniques to synthesise the initial information and DEA for efficiency evaluation. These findings may prove useful for management of these institutions, as well as for those responsible for public resource allocation policies in the area of cultural heritage. We apply this to a regional system of museums in Spain, which includes both rural and urban museums. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Cesar Herrero, Luis] Univ Valladolid, Dept Econ Aplicada, Escuela Univ Estudios Empresariales, E-47005 Valladolid, Spain. [Jose del Barrio, Maria; Angel Sanz, Jose] Univ Valladolid, Dept Econ Financiera & Contabilidad, Escuela Univ Estudios Empresariales, E-47005 Valladolid, Spain. RP Herrero, LC (reprint author), Univ Valladolid, Dept Econ Aplicada, Escuela Univ Estudios Empresariales, Paseo Prado de la Magdalena S-N, E-47005 Valladolid, Spain. EM mjose@emp.uva.es; herrero@emp.uva.es; angel@emp.uva.es RI Herrero-Prieto, Luis Cesar/K-9465-2014; Lara, Jose Angel Sanz/L-1260-2014; del Barrio Tellado, Maria Jose/K-9710-2014 OI Herrero-Prieto, Luis Cesar/0000-0002-2915-5706; Lara, Jose Angel Sanz/0000-0001-7243-8325; del Barrio Tellado, Maria Jose/0000-0002-4818-932X CR AMES PJ, 1990, MUSEUM MANAGEMENT CU, V9, P137 ANDERSEN P, 1993, MANAGE SCI, V39, P1261, DOI 10.1287/mnsc.39.10.1261 BANKER RD, 1984, MANAGE SCI, V30, P1078, DOI 10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078 Basso AL, 2004, J FOOD BIOCHEM, V28, P195, DOI 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2004.tb00066.x Bedate A, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P101, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2003.04.002 BEDATE A, 2007, THESIS U VALLADOLID Callegari F, 2003, J CULT HERIT, V4, P49, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(03)00007-4 CHARNES A, 1978, EUR J OPER RES, V2, P429, DOI 10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8 FELDSTEIN M, 1991, EC ART MUSEUMS Fernandez F, 2004, NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL, V29, P59, DOI 10.1038/sj.npp.1300308 FREY BS, 1994, SCOT J POLIT ECON, V41, P325, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9485.1994.tb01131.x HERRERO LC, 2002, REV ESTUDIOS TURISTI, V153, P61 Jackson J. M., 1991, MUSEUMS EC COMMUNITY, P156 Johnson P., 1998, Journal of Cultural Economics, V22, P75, DOI 10.1023/A:1007537500352 Johnson P., 1992, TOURISM MUSEUMS LOCA Mairesse F., 2002, J CULTURAL EC, V26, P261, DOI DOI 10.1023/A:1019970325060 MARTIN F, 1994, [No title captured], V18, P255, DOI DOI 10.1007/BF01079759 O'Hagan J. W., 1995, Journal of Cultural Economics, V19, P33, DOI 10.1007/BF01074431 OHagan J.W., 1998, J CULT EC, V22, P197 PAULUS O, 1996, 4 EUR WORKSH EFF PRO PAULUS O, 2003, [No title captured], V6, P50 Pignataro G, 2002, EC HERITAGE STUDY PO, P65 Santagata W., 2000, Journal of Cultural Economics, V24, P181, DOI 10.1023/A:1007642231963 SANZ JA, 2004, [No title captured] Taalas M, 1998, 10 INT C ACEI BARC S Trupiano G, 2005, J CULT HERIT, V6, P337, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2005.04.004 Weil Stephen E., 1995, CABINET CURIOSITIES, P19 NR 27 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2009 VL 10 IS 2 BP 258 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2008.08.012 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 458LR UT WOS:000267025400012 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Sanna, U Atzeni, C Spanu, N AF Sanna, Ulrico Atzeni, Cirillo Spanu, Nannina TI A fuzzy number ranking in project selection for cultural heritage sites SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Archaeological sites; Conservation; Fuzzy arithmetic; Fuzzy numbers ordering; Project selection; Ranking; Roman amphitheatre ID REASONABLE PROPERTIES AB Any conservation and exploitation project of archaeological sites has the managerial aspects of a strategic intervention. Its character is defined by the variety of factors to be considered (durability of the materials and structures, landscape conservation, maintenance of cultural values and economic impact), the complexity of each of them (including those that are strictly technical such as those which relate to the structures and materials) and the projections of these actions into future, the forecast of which is intrinsically uncertain (wars, earthquakes, climate and cultural changes, and kinetics of chemical-physical-biological phenomena). We face the problem of creating a standardised but clear and easily understandable framework for the strategic decision of selection among the diverse projects of conservation and of cultural and economic enhancement. The characters of fuzzy logic and mathematic are extremely interesting in such situations, which are characterised by a quantitative and qualitative combination of factors, inevitably partial knowledge, intrinsic complexity, and the need for projection into the future. We propose the creation of a hierarchy among the different projects based on ratings expressed as fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy numbers are a particular category of fuzzy sets and can be considered an extension of the concept of "ordinary" numbers. Teams of experts on the different factors are called upon to give their respective fuzzy ratings based on scientific knowledge acquired with laboratory, environmental and theoretic investigations as well as on their experience during the implementation, management, and critical assessment of similar projects. Fuzzy numbers mathematics can be the bearing structure of the language and of proposed ranking method. This is a procedure in which the data set of a given archaeological site can be framed rationally and holistically, and therefore one can proceed to the progressive fine tuning of future projects. We shall apply the procedure discussed to select a portfolio of projects of conservation/enhancement for the Roman Amphitheatre at Nora (southern Sardinia). It is one of the most complete and important structures of the site, situated less than 100 m from the sea shore. The state of alteration of the cavea is particularly marked; the blocks of andesitic rock are intensely fractured and affected by consistent detachments, and in places where they are completely absent, the foundation tier, built in opus caementicium is uncovered, and appears affected by deep pulverisation. The anthropic erosion is intense. The fuzzy rating procedure clearly defines the best project between the five proposed. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Sanna, Ulrico; Atzeni, Cirillo; Spanu, Nannina] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Ingn Chim & Mat, I-09123 Cagliari, Italy. RP Sanna, U (reprint author), Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Ingn Chim & Mat, Piazza Armi, I-09123 Cagliari, Italy. EM sanna@dicm.unica.it; catzeni@dicm.unica.it; nanninaspanu@libero.it OI Sanna, Ulrico/0000-0002-8854-8614 CR ADAMO JM, 1980, FUZZY SET SYST, V4, P207, DOI 10.1016/0165-0114(80)90011-1 Anderson D. R., 1998, QUANTITATIVE METHODS Buckley J, 2002, INTRO FUZZY LOGIC FU Cheng CH, 2002, EUR J OPER RES, V142, P174, DOI 10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00280-6 Cheng CH, 1999, FUZZY SET SYST, V107, P25, DOI 10.1016/S0165-0114(97)00348-5 Dubois D., 2000, FUNDAMENTALS FUZZY S Ghasemzadeh F, 2000, DECIS SUPPORT SYST, V29, P73, DOI 10.1016/S0167-9236(00)00065-8 KANDEL A, 1986, [No title captured] KAUFMANN A, 1988, [No title captured] PIA G, 2006, P 8 CONV NAZ AIMAT P PRICE CA, 1996, [No title captured] Rodrigues JD, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P32, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.04.007 Tran L, 2002, FUZZY SET SYST, V130, P331, DOI 10.1016/S0165-0114(01)00195-6 TRONCHETTI C, 1984, STUDIES SARDINIAN AR, V1, P237 Wang XH, 2001, FUZZY SET SYST, V118, P375, DOI 10.1016/S0165-0114(99)00062-7 Wang XZ, 2001, FUZZY SET SYST, V118, P387, DOI 10.1016/S0165-0114(99)00063-9 NR 16 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 9 IS 3 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.12.004 PG 6 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 360BA UT WOS:000260030800011 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Balocco, C Calzolari, R AF Balocco, Carla Calzolari, Rachele TI Natural light design for an ancient building: A case study SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE natural light; historical building; simulation; visual comfort; daylight systems ID DAYLIGHT AB This paper presents a qualitative and quantitative approach to natural lighting design for historical buildings, in this particular case study used as a public library. The interior design proposed for the old library of Palagio di Parte Guelfa in Florence, was based on solar radiation control and advanced daylight system application (two light shelves, a sky light and two light pipes) without modifying the architecture and structure of the building. The main objectives of the project were to increase lighting energy savings due to less artificial lighting system utilization, the corresponding daylight illuminance levels at long indoor distances from the windows, and to improve the uniformity of luminance distribution and illuminance gradient across the work-plane and at different inside levels and a comfortable lighting environment under variable sun and sky conditions throughout the year. A method was also proposed for evaluating daylight distribution in rooms of ancient buildings with small transparent surfaces and high thermal inertia, using solar shadings and light redirecting devices. It enabled a simplified hourly evaluation of the daylight utilization with reasonable accuracy and calculation speed and, because it was coupled to a simplified thermal model, evaluation of the impact of daylight utilization on hourly temperatures, heating and cooling demand. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Balocco, Carla; Calzolari, Rachele] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Energet Sergio Stecco, I-50139 Florence, Italy. RP Balocco, C (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dipartimento Energet Sergio Stecco, Via S Marta 3, I-50139 Florence, Italy. EM carla.balocco@unifi.it CR ALABISIO M, 1985, GESTIONE ARCH ANN TI ALINARI F, 1981, MONUMENTO DOPPIO Alshaibani K, 2002, RENEW ENERG, V27, P309, DOI 10.1016/S0960-1481(01)00097-0 *ASHRAE, 1997, ASHRAE HDB FUND 1993 Camuffo D, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P409, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2004.01.005 Cheng CL, 2007, BUILD ENVIRON, V42, P372, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.08.004 Franzetti C, 2004, ENERG BUILDINGS, V36, P117, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2003.10.005 Jenkins D, 2003, BUILD ENVIRON, V38, P965, DOI 10.1016/S0360-1323(03)00061-1 MALESPINI R, 1976, STORIA FIORENTINA RI Moncada Lo Giudice G., 1999, ILLUMINOTECNICA OCHA CE, 2006, BUILD ENVIRON, V41, P1128 OMER AM, 2006, RENEWABLE BUILDING E PEGNA ML, 1971, ANTICHE CHIESE FIREN Reinhart CF, 2000, ENERG BUILDINGS, V32, P167, DOI 10.1016/S0378-7788(00)00042-6 Richa G, 1755, NOTIZIE ISTORICHE CH Robinson D, 2006, SOL ENERGY, V80, P260, DOI 10.1016/j.solener.2005.02.016 SPITLER JD, 1993, ASHRAE T 1, V99 Steemers K., 1993, DAYLIGHTING ARCHITEC TORRICELLI MC, DAYLIGHT LUCE GIORNO *UNI EN, 2004, 124641 UNI EN 1 VILLANI RG, 1979, CRONICA WARD G, 1996, IEA SHC TASK, P12 NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 9 IS 2 BP 172 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.07.007 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 326LI UT WOS:000257660200008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Drigo, R Perez-Gracia, V Di Capua, D Pujades, LG AF Gonzalez-Drigo, Ramon Perez-Gracia, Vega Di Capua, Daniel Pujades, Luis G. TI GPR survey applied to modernista buildings in Barcelona: The cultural heritage of the College of Industrial Engineering SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE ground-penetrating radar; non-destructive survey; restoration and conservation; masonry; modernista architecture; architectural assessment; Barcelona ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR AB The campus of the College of Industrial Engineering of Barcelona was recently declared an Architectural Heritage Site due to the value of its Modernista buildings, which were built in 1868 under the direction of the architect Rafael Guastavino (1842-1908). The site housed one of Europe's largest textile factories during the 19th century and was later remodelled and transformed into the College of Industrial Engineering. Despite the great social and architectural significance of these buildings, the archives of the Barcelona city council do not contain complete architectural documentation or floor plans showing the major remodelling projects that were carried out during the 20th century, which considerably altered the architecture of the campus. Since the building required major renovation work and insufficient structural information was available, it was necessary to carry out a non-destructive survey in order to analyse and evaluate the structural elements that would be affected by the planned remodelling. A GPR survey was recently performed and some useful results will be exposed in this paper. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Gonzalez-Drigo, Ramon; Perez-Gracia, Vega; Di Capua, Daniel] Univ Politecn Cataluna, EUETIB, CEIB, Dept Resistencia Mat & Estruct Ingn, Barcelona 08036, Spain. [Pujades, Luis G.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, ETSICCPB, Dept Ingn Terreno Cartograf & Geogis, Barcelona 08034, Spain. RP Gonzalez-Drigo, R (reprint author), Univ Politecn Cataluna, EUETIB, CEIB, Dept Resistencia Mat & Estruct Ingn, C Urgell 187, Barcelona 08036, Spain. EM jose.ramon.gonzalez@upc.edu; vega.perez@upc.edu; dicapua@cimne.upc.edu; lluis.pujades@upc.edu RI Perez-Gracia, Vega/L-5881-2014; Pujades, Luis Gonzaga LG/M-2870-2014; Gonzalez-Drigo, Ramon/I-5816-2015; Di Capua, Daniel/E-4034-2015; Perez-Gracia, Vega/L-5881-2014 OI Perez-Gracia, Vega/0000-0002-5106-1220; Pujades, Luis Gonzaga LG/0000-0002-2619-0805; Gonzalez-Drigo, Ramon/0000-0003-2808-670X; Di Capua, Daniel/0000-0003-1201-8462; Perez-Gracia, Vega/0000-0003-3638-3093 CR Barilaro D, 2007, J CULT HERIT, V8, P73, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.10.003 Barone G, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P263, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2004.01.002 Butler D.K., 1994, GEOARCHAEOLOGY, V9, P437 Cataldo R, 2005, J CULT HERIT, V6, P29, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2004.05.004 CONYERS LB, 1996, P 6 INT C GROUND PEN, P89 CONYERS LB, 1998, P 7 INT C GROUND PEN, P53 Daniels D. J., 2004, GROUND PENETRATING R Francese RG, 2004, J APPL GEOPHYS, V56, P31, DOI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2004.03.001 Grandjean G, 2000, J APPL GEOPHYS, V45, P141, DOI 10.1016/S0926-9851(00)00021-5 Grote K, 2005, J APPL GEOPHYS, V57, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2004.10.002 LORENZO E, 1994, THESIS U ALCALA HENA LORENZO H, 1998, P 7 INT C GPR U KANS, P661 Perez-Gracia V., 2000, J APPL GEOPHYS, V43, P167 PEREZGRACIA V, 1997, OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES, P213 Ranalli D, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P91, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2003.05.001 STERNBERG BK, 1995, J APPL GEOPHYS, V33, P93 Tohge M, 1998, J APPL GEOPHYS, V40, P49, DOI 10.1016/S0926-9851(97)00039-6 WEIL GJ, 1992, GEOL S FINL, V16, P259 NR 18 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2008 VL 9 IS 2 BP 196 EP 202 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.10.006 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 326LI UT WOS:000257660200012 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Cnudde, V Dierick, M Vlassenbroeck, J Masschaele, B Lehmann, E Jacobs, P Van Hoorebeke, L AF Cnudde, Veerle Dierick, Manuel Vlassenbroeck, Jelle Masschaele, Bert Lehmann, Eberhard Jacobs, Patric Van Hoorebeke, Luc TI Determination of the impregnation depth of siloxanes and ethylsilicates in porous material by neutron radiography SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE neutron; radiography; penetration depth; siloxane; ethylsilicate; porosity ID STONE; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION; PENETRATION AB For conservation of the built cultural heritage, the application of conservation products like consolidants or water repellents is often suggested. Their impregnation depth is a key factor for the assessment of the treatment efficiency. It will vary depending on the internal structure of the stone material and the properties of the conservation products. In this study a porous bioclastic limestone from Maastricht (the Netherlands) and a porous sandstone of Bray (Belgium) were selected for treatment with either ethylsilicate-based consolidant products or siloxane-based water repellents. We explore the potential of neutron radiography to visualize the conservation products after polymerization, since previous experiments already proved their delectability before polymerization. Additionally, water absorption by capillarity was monitored inside the samples. The experiments in this study illustrate that the ethyl silicate-based consolidants remained visible for neutrons even after the polymerization process, while the siloxane-based water repellents can only clearly be distinguished in the stone as long as they contain a certain amount of solvent. The study proves that neutron radiography can provide important additional information for the research in the built cultural heritage domain, especially as it allows to successfully visualize the impregnation depth of silicate-based consolidants inside natural building stones. (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Cnudde, Veerle; Jacobs, Patric] Univ Ghent, Dept Geol & Soil Sci, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Cnudde, Veerle; Dierick, Manuel; Vlassenbroeck, Jelle; Masschaele, Bert; Van Hoorebeke, Luc] Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Lehmann, Eberhard] Paul Scherrer Inst, Dept Spallat Neutron Source ASQ, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Cnudde, V (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Geol & Soil Sci, Krijgslaan 281-S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM veerle.cnudde@ugent.be; manuel.dierick@ugent.be; jelle.vlassenbroeck@ugent.be; bert.masschaele@ugent.be; eberhard.lehmann@psi.ch; patric.jacobs@ugent.be; luc.vanhoorebeke@ugent.be RI Lehmann, Eberhard H./K-2316-2014; Cnudde, Veerle/K-2026-2016; Jacobs, Patric/E-4067-2012 OI Lehmann, Eberhard H./0000-0001-9145-9009; Cnudde, Veerle/0000-0002-3269-5914; Jacobs, Patric/0000-0001-9154-385X CR Ballester MAD, 2001, PROG ORG COAT, V43, P258 Cadot-Leroux L., 2000, P 9TH INT C DETERIOR, P361 Casadio F., 2004, J AM INT CONSERV, V43, P1 CERVANTES J, 1999, SOLID STATE NUCL MAG, V3, P263 Cnudde V, 2004, MATER CHARACT, V53, P259, DOI 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.011 Cnudde V, 2004, ENVIRON GEOL, V46, P477, DOI 10.1007/s00254-004-1049-5 Cnudde V., 2005, THESIS GHENT U Cnudde V, 2006, FRACTURE AND FAILURE OF NATURAL BUILDING STONES, P519, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-5077-0_32 Cocca M, 2005, MACROMOL SYMP, V228, P245, DOI 10.1002/masy.200551022 De Buergo MA, 2004, SCANNING, V26, P41 Delgado Rodrigues J, 2002, J CULT HERIT, V3, P117 Diamond S, 2000, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V30, P1517, DOI 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00370-7 Dierick M, 2005, NUCL INSTRUM METH A, V542, P296, DOI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.152 Estermann M, 2005, NUCL INSTRUM METH A, V542, P253, DOI 10.1016/j.nima.2005.01.109 *EUR COMM STAND, 1999, EN1936 EUR COMM STAN Favaro M, 2005, STUD CONSERV, V50, P109, DOI 10.2307/25487729 FELDER WM, 1973, VERHANDELINGEN KONIN, V29, P51 Folk R.L., 1957, J SEDIMENT PETROL, V27, P3, DOI DOI 10.1306/74D70646-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D KATZ AJ, 1986, PHYS REV B, V34, P8179, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.34.8179 Lehmann E.H., 2001, NONDESTRUCT TEST EVA, V16, P191, DOI DOI 10.1080/10589750108953075 Rodriguez-Gordillo J, 2000, MATER CONSTRUCC, V50, P15, DOI 10.3989/mc.2000.v50.i260.387 Tiano P, 2000, INT J RESTORATION BU, V6, P133 Toniolo L, 2001, ANN CHIM-ROME, V91, P823 *WTCB, 2002, 224 WTCB, P52 NR 24 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP-DEC PY 2007 VL 8 IS 4 BP 331 EP 338 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.08.001 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 249UN UT WOS:000252255500001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Mozina, K Cernic, M Demsar, A AF Mozina, Klementina Cernic, Marjeta Demsar, Andrej TI Non-destructive methods for chemical, optical, colorimetric and typographic characterisation of a reprint SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE colour difference; colour prints; cultural heritage; FTIR-ATR spectroscopy; linage analysis; paper properties; reprint; typography AB The quality of production (e.g. paper, typesetting, reproduction of illustrations, printing and bookbinding) of a book (reprint) is very important. The quality of a 1978 reprint of a book from 1921 was studied using standard and non-destructive testing methods such as microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Chemical, physical and colorimetric properties of the papers, colour differences of the prints and typographic tonal density were analysed. Results showed that the reprint is not an identical copy of the original. Some of the differences in the reprint compared with the original (e.g. typographic tonal density) could easily have been avoided while others (e.g. structural and optical properties of paper, colour prints) are unavoidable, mainly because of the influence of internal and external factors on ageing. Ageing influences the properties of paper and colour print: optical and colour properties deteriorate and colour fades. It is concluded that precise and systematic evaluation of the properties of an old book should be carried out before a reprint is prepared. The results of the research, using non-destructive methods such as microscopy, spectroscopy and image analysis, are useful for characterising the properties of paper and printing ink, typography and reproduction of illustrations. (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Mozina, Klementina] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Nat Sci & Engn, Chair Informat & Graph Arts Technol, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cernic, Marjeta] Pulp & Paper Inst, Chair Paper & Board Technol Printing & Converting, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Demsar, Andrej] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Nat Sci & Engn, Chair Textile Raw Mat & Anal, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Mozina, K (reprint author), Univ Ljubljana, Fac Nat Sci & Engn, Chair Informat & Graph Arts Technol, Snezniska 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM klementina.mozina@ntf.uni-lj.si; meta.cernic@icp-lj.si; andrej.demsar@ntf.uni-lj.si CR [Anonymous], 1997, 534 ISO BAKER M, 1989, [No title captured], V8 BRINGHURST R, 1997, [No title captured] Browning B.L., 1977, ANAL PAPER CERMOC M, 2006, APPL PHYS A, V83, P589 Cernic-Letnar M., 2002, P IARIGAI 29 RES C 8, P216 COLLIN PH, 1997, [No title captured] DOWDING G, 1998, [No title captured] Engeldrum PG, 2004, J IMAGING SCI TECHN, V48, P447 FOUCHET B, 2006, J PULP PAP SCI, V3, P1 GASCOIGNE B, 1998, [No title captured] Greffe X, 2004, J CULT HERIT, V5, P301, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2004.05.001 GULBINS J, 2000, [No title captured] Hladnik A., 2001, GRAFICAR, V5, P21 *ISO, 1995, [No title captured] *ISO, 1996, [No title captured] *ISO, 1998, [No title captured] *ISO, 1999, [No title captured] *ISO, 1996, [No title captured] JOHNSON T, 2001, [No title captured] KENTTA E, 2004, [No title captured] KEYES E, 1993, [No title captured], V4, P638 Kipphan H, 2001, HDB PRINT MEDIA TECH KUMAR M, 2003, INTERDISCIPLINARNOST, V2, P89 Letnar MC, 2002, RESTAURATOR, V23, P118, DOI 10.1515/REST.2002.118 Letnar MC, 1997, RESTAURATOR, V18, P73 Marcus RT, 1998, AZIMUTH, V1, P31, DOI 10.1016/S1387-6783(98)80005-6 MOZINA K, 2001, INTERDISCIPLINARNOST, V1, P341 Mozina K., 2006, PROFESSIONAL PAPERMA, V1, P72 MOZINA K, 2003, [No title captured] Smith BC, 1996, FUNDAMENTALS FOURIER Stuart B., 2005, INFRARED SPECTROSCOP *TAPPI, 2004, [No title captured] VICKMAN K, 2004, [No title captured] Vikman K, 2003, J IMAGING SCI TECHN, V47, P139 WILLIAMS A, 2001, IFRA NEWSPAPER TECHN, V11, P10 NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD SEP-DEC PY 2007 VL 8 IS 4 BP 339 EP 349 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.03.005 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 249UN UT WOS:000252255500002 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Chassagne, P Bou-Said, E Ceccotti, A Jullien, JF Togni, M AF Chassagne, Pierre Bou-Said, Elias Ceccotti, Ario Jullien, Jean-Francois Togni, Marco TI The contribution of numerical simulation for the diagnosis of the conservation of art objects: Application to Antonio Santucci's armillary sphere of the 16th century SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE conservation; wood material; nail-laminated timber; relative humidity of the air; mechano-sorption; creep; numerical tool; finite elements modelling; astronomy AB Antonio Santucci's armillary sphere is one of the symbols of the wealth of the world cultural heritage: it is an elaborate representation of the geocentric universe as it was known at that time. Its exceptional dimensions (more than 3 meters high) make it an object which is considered as a complex structure, built with a technique of mixite made of nail-laminated timber. Constructed at the end of the 16th century, this sphere has suffered wear and tear, mostly due to the combined effects of gravity loads over time and environmental agents (such as variations in the relative humidity of the air), as well as means of exposure of the object. The purpose of this research project is to study delayed phenomena, and it lies in the evaluation of the coupled mechano-sorptive effects likely to generate a critical state which would threaten the stability and the durability of the structure. This study highlights a problem which is already very real, even though irreversible consequences may not appear until the future. This work shows the importance of taking into account the variations in relative humidity undergone by the environment in which the sphere is exposed. These changes are at the origin of increasing deformations which could soon become prejudicial to the satisfactory conservation of the object. (c) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Natl Sci Appl, LaMCoS, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France. CNR, IVALSA, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. DISTAF, I-50145 Florence, Italy. RP Chassagne, P (reprint author), Inst Natl Sci Appl, LaMCoS, Bat J Jacquard, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France. EM pierre.chassagne@insa-lyon.fr; elias.bousaid@insa-lyon.fr; a.ceccotti@ivalsa.cnr.it; jean-francoisjullien@insa-lyon.fr; marco.togni@unifi.it RI Chassagne, Thierry/C-4029-2015 OI Chassagne, Thierry/0000-0002-3816-652X; togni, marco/0000-0002-1079-7717 CR Blass HJ, 1995, TIMBER ENG STEP 1 BA BONAMI G, 2003, MANUALE LEGNO STRUTT BONAMI G, 2002, MANUALE LEGNO STRUTT BONAMI G, 2001, MANUALE LEGNO STRUTT BOSKOVIC RJ, 1785, NOUVEAUX OUVRAGES MO BOUSAID E, 2003, P 2 INT C ESWM STOCK, P271 BOUSAID E, 2003, THESIS INSA LYON FRA CHASSAGNE P, 2006, P 4 INT C JOINT M ES CHASSAGNE P, 2006, J MECH TIME DEPENDEN, V9, P1 CHASSAGNE P, 2006, THESIS INSA LYON FRA Dionisi-Vici P, 2006, J CULT HERIT, V7, P37, DOI 10.1016/j.culher.2005.10.005 Giordano G., 1999, TECNICA COSTRUZIONI LARSEN HJ, 1992, EUROCODE 5 DESIGN TI Thelandersson S., 2003, TIMBER ENG UZIELLI L, 1995, P S JP GETT MUS, P110 NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2007 VL 8 IS 3 BP 215 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.04.001 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 217RE UT WOS:000249964200001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Cerimele, MM Cossu, R AF Cerimele, Maria Mercede Cossu, Rossella TI Decay regions segmentation from color images of ancient monuments using fast marching method SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE fast marching; decay; color coordinates; CIELAB; segmentation; color image ID LEVEL SET METHOD; ADVANCING FRONTS AB This work faces the problem of detecting decay zones from color images of stone materials. In Cultural Heritage, the extraction of degradation regions from images of ancient monuments represents an important step forward in studying and analyzing the state of preservation of historical buildings. Generally the decay diagnosis is provided by "naked eye" analysis done by expert scientists "walking around" the artifact and recording the conservation state of each individual element they observe. In addition to this kind of investigation, the application of an image segmentation strategy to color images of stony materials can be used in order to extract regions characterized by a visible chromatic alteration, changes in color, for example, as oxidation or concretion. This paper features a color image segmentation approach founded on the fast marching numerical method. We have applied this technique for its possibility to work locally, that is, only the contour of the region under study is processed. In addition to this method, we present a global approach, that is, the possibility to extract decay regions from the entire image; these regions are spatially disconnected but with similar colorimeter value. The main aim of the present work is to provide a tool that helps the expert to contour the degraded regions. In this sense even if the results of the proposed procedure depend on the expert evaluation, the approach can be a contribution to improve the efficiency of the boundary detection process. The study case concerns the impressive remains of the Roman Theatre in the city of Aosta (Italy). In the image segmentation process the color space L*a*b* is utilized. (c) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 CNR, Ist Applicaz Cacalo M Picone, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RP Cossu, R (reprint author), CNR, Ist Applicaz Cacalo M Picone, Viale Policlin 137, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM m.cerimele@iac.cnr.it; r.cossu@iac.cnr.it CR Cheng HD, 2001, PATTERN RECOGN, V34, P2259, DOI 10.1016/S0031-3203(00)00149-7 Deng JW, 2002, PATTERN RECOGN LETT, V23, P161, DOI 10.1016/S0167-8655(01)00113-1 *PROG SIINDA, 2001, RIC SVIL SIST INN IN Sapiro G, 1997, COMPUT VIS IMAGE UND, V68, P247, DOI 10.1006/cviu.1997.0562 Sethian J. A., 1999, LEVEL SET METHODS FA Sethian JA, 2001, J COMPUT PHYS, V169, P503, DOI 10.1006/jcph.2000.6657 Sethian JA, 1996, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V93, P1591, DOI 10.1073/pnas.93.4.1591 SHAO F, 2004, [No title captured], V4, P385 Shih FY, 2005, IMAGE VISION COMPUT, V23, P877, DOI 10.1016/j.imavis.2005.05.015 Wyszecki G., 1982, COLOR SCI CONCEPTS M Yan JY, 2004, COMPUT MED IMAG GRAP, V28, P33, DOI 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2003.09.003 NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2007 VL 8 IS 2 BP 170 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2007.01.006 PG 6 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 189YT UT WOS:000248025500008 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Abad, IR Garcia, FG Abad, IR Blanco, MR Conesa, JLM Marco, JB Lladro, RC AF Abad, Isabel Rodriguez Garcia, Francisco Garcia Abad, Irene Rodriguez Blanco, Manuel Ramirez Montalva Conesa, Jose Luis Marco, Javier Benlloch Lladro, Rafael Capuz TI Non-destructive assessment of a buried rainwater cistern at the Carthusian Monastery 'Vall de Crist' (Spain, 14th century) derived by microgravimetric 2D modelling SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE microgravimetry; cultural heritage; restoration and maintenance; Carthusian Monastery 'Vall de Crist'; Bouguer gravity anomalies; 2D modelling AB The microgravity method is one of the geophysical tools used in engineering and environmental and archaeological researches, where the detection of subsurface cavities or buried structures is essential. In this study, this technique has been revealed to be an efficient and respectful tool for use in Cultural Heritage restoration studies, such as those carried out in the restoration of historical sites in which the elements to be examined are beneath a shallow coating of material. Therefore, the aim of this microgravimetric survey is to define the exact position and dimensions of a subsurface structure (rainwater cistern) through microgravity response of the medium. For this purpose, the subsurface structure of San Geronimo Cloister of the Vall de Crist Carthursian Monastery (14th century) has been researched. This monastery was known to be the largest Carthusian Monastery in the region of Valencia (Spain) and one of the most remarkable of the ancient Corona de Aragon. A rectangular grid of microgravity measurement station points was designed to cover the entire surface of the cloister. In addition, a microgravimetric profile was acquired along a hillside close to the Carthusian buildings in order to obtain the density value of the medium. The study was performed using a LaCoste&Romberg D203 gravimeter to detect and to map the shallow subsurface rainwater cistern that probably exits beneath it. This gravimeter has a sensitivity of approximately 1 mu gal (mu gal = 1.10(-8) ms(-2)) and an accuracy of 3-5 mu gal for relative gravity measurements. Two contour maps were calculated (observed gravity and Bouguer gravity values) in order to improve the interpretation results. On these maps we can observe the shape of the body that is causing the perturbation in gravity values. And what is more, it led us to deduce that the central area of the cavity is deeper than the border area. In addition, we can asses that the cavity is 8 m wide and 12 m long, and is symmetrical along its longitudinal axis, but not along its transversal axis. Also, a microgravimetric inversion was performed and the subsurface is split into 7 prisms and the depth and height of each is to be estimated separately. As a result of this inversion we can estimate that the ceiling of the cistern is located about 1 m under the cloister pavement and the cistern floor at a depth of 4 m. The cistern is slightly inclined towards one of its edges by about 20 cm. Finally, the 2D modelling derived by microgravimetric data has allowed us to determinate the shape, dimensions and location of the cistern accurately. In addition we have calculated the cistern capacity (288 m(3), that is, 2880 HI). This capacity was quite enough for the water necessities of 13 monks who lived there permanently, even for making it through the drought periods frequent in this kind of Mediterranean areas. (c) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Politecn Valencia, Dept Cartograph Engn Geodesy & Photogrammetry, Valencia 46022, Spain. Tres Taller sa, Valencia 46006, Spain. Univ Politecn Valencia, Dept Appl Phys, Valencia 46022, Spain. RP Garcia, FG (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, Dept Cartograph Engn Geodesy & Photogrammetry, Camino Vera S-N, Valencia 46022, Spain. EM isrodab@aaa.upv.es; fgarciag@trr.upv.es; trestaller@ono.com; mramirez@csa.upv.es; jlmontal@fis.upv.es; jbenllo@csa.upv.es; rcapuz@upvnet.upv.es OI BENLLOCH MARCO, JAVIER/0000-0002-9420-1078 CR Beres M, 2001, J APPL GEOPHYS, V46, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0926-9851(01)00042-8 BUTLER D, 1980, MICROGRAVIMETRIC TEC *CTR EST ALT PAL C, 1986, 6 CENT COMM PON COMM FIEDRICH J, 1996, J GEODESY, V70, P645 GOMEZ JM, 2003, APROXIMACION RECONST GOTZE HJ, 1988, GEOPHYSICS, V53, P1096 MERZAEI M, 1996, EUROPEAN J ENV ENG G, V1, P249 Nettleton L. L., 1939, GEOPHYSICS, V4, P176, DOI DOI 10.1190/1.1437088 Qianshen W., 1996, MICROGRAVIMETRY TALWANI M, 1959, J GEOPHYS RES, V64, P49, DOI 10.1029/JZ064i001p00049 Yule DE, 1998, GEOPHYSICS, V63, P95, DOI 10.1190/1.1444331 NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2007 VL 8 IS 2 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.10.009 PG 5 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 189YT UT WOS:000248025500012 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Rodrigues, JD Grossi, A AF Rodrigues, J. Delgado Grossi, A. TI Indicators and ratings for the compatibility assessment of conservation actions SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE compatibility; indicators; conservation actions; cultural heritage; archaeological sites AB The authors propose a way of tackling the difficulty to deal with compatibility, namely on what concerns the aspects linked with the multiplicity of components involved and the diversity of criteria that can be called to integrate an assessment procedure. The paper aims at providing a management instrument having the compatibility model as its central operative tool. The guiding concepts of this instrument are supported in criteria of technical, operational, environmental, social and cultural types. The complex notion of compatibility is here decomposed into simpler and workable parameters called "compatibility indicators", similarly to what other disciplines call as "performance indicators" or "environmental indicators" [European Environment Agency, Environmental benchmarking - from concept to practice, Environmental Issue report no. 20, 2001 Luxembourg, Expert group on Urban Environment, Towards a local sustainable profile: European common indicators, European Commission 2000, HQE2R - "INDI (INDicator Impact) model" EU-project HQE2R contract EVK4-CT-2000-00025]. In order to make it possible to integrate the different parameters in the overall assessment of compatibility and to give each parameter the role that it effectively has in the final (in)compatibility, the paper proposes a system of translating the diverse quantifying units or descriptive terms into a uniform system, thus allowing the integration of components that are intrinsically inhomogeneous in nature. The translation tool is called the "rating system" and it consists of qualifying the position of a given action in a rational grading between 0 and 10, for each Compatibility Indicator, according to its potential as inducer of negative (harmful) effects for the conservation objectives. With this rating system properly defined, it is possible to integrate the identified indicators into a quantifiable unified assessment designated as the "incompatibility degree". Specific tables containing indicators and ratings are presented for illustrating the basic assumption of the proposed methodology. (c) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Lab Civil Engn, P-1700066 Lisbon, Portugal. Ist Cooperat Innovaz, Bologna, Italy. RP Rodrigues, JD (reprint author), Natl Lab Civil Engn, 101 Av Brasil, P-1700066 Lisbon, Portugal. EM delgado@lnec.pt; a.grossi@bo.icie.it OI Delgado Rodrigues, Jose/0000-0002-5180-6130 CR Alegre H., 2000, PERFORMANCE INDICATO CLIFTON JR, 1982, P 4 INT C DET PRES S, P101 DELGADO RJ, 1999, PACT, V56 *EU PROJ POINT, ENV4CT98706 EU PROJ *INCOMARECH, IN PROM US COMP MAT JATON C, 1982, P 4 INT C DET PRES S, P205 LARSON JH, 1982, P 4TH INT C DETERIOR, P219 MOROPOULOU A, 2000, PACT J EUROPEAN STUD, V58, P81 SASSE H. R., 1997, P DAHL WORKSH SAV OU, P223 ZACHAROPOULOU G, 1998, PACT, V55, P89 NR 10 TC 125 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JAN-MAR PY 2007 VL 8 IS 1 BP 32 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.04.007 PG 12 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 158GK UT WOS:000245779500005 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Atzeni, C Bodano, F Sanna, U Spanu, N AF Atzeni, C. Bodano, F. Sanna, U. Spanu, N. TI Surface strength: definition and testing by a sand impact method SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE acrylic polymers; consolidating treatments; erosion; standard test; sandblasting; surface strength; tetraethylorthosilicate ID GAS-BLAST EROSION; DIVERGENCE; VELOCITY AB Many degradation processes affecting surfaces of buildings that are part of the Cultural Heritage manifest themselves by detachment of the component particles. The most important cases are the crystallisation of salts, the formation of ice, the intrusion of living forms, and the impact of particles transported, or at any rate mobilised, by the wind. This work presents a physical analysis of the process of grain detachment at microscopic level. It is suggested here that the impact of solid particles on the surface may be used as the basis on which to construct a method to measure the mechanical strength of surfaces, also in relation to the assessment in quantitative terms of the performance of consolidants currently used in the conservation sector. The experiments showed that the approach was effective in discriminating the different parameters used in the test (diameter of impacting particles, position of surface, operational pressure of nozzle). (c) 2006 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Ingn Chim & Mat, I-09100 Cagliari, Italy. RP Sanna, U (reprint author), Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Ingn Chim & Mat, Via Marengo 1, I-09100 Cagliari, Italy. EM sanna@dicm.unica.it OI Sanna, Ulrico/0000-0002-8854-8614 CR ATZENI C, 2003, MATER STRUCT, V39, P523 ATZENI C, 1992, P 9 INT C CHEM CEM N, V3, P420 CAMUFFO D, 1995, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V167, P1, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04565-I CAMUFFO D, 1993, [No title captured], V38, P198 Chein R., 1998, CHEM ENG SCI, V43, P1621 Chen Q, 2003, WEAR, V254, P203, DOI 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00006-1 CHEVALLIER P, 1995, WEAR, V184, P87, DOI 10.1016/0043-1648(94)06562-4 *CNR ICR NORMAL, 1988, 188 CNR ICR NORMAL Horie C., 1987, MAT CONSERVATION in't Veld FH, 1998, WEAR, V215, P131, DOI 10.1016/S0043-1648(97)00272-X Klopfenstein R, 1998, ISA T, V37, P257, DOI 10.1016/S0019-0578(98)00036-6 Li DY, 1999, WEAR, V225, P380, DOI 10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00368-8 PHILLIPS MW, 1982, 9 C IIC SCI TECHN SE, P56 Pope GA, 2002, GEOMORPHOLOGY, V47, P211, DOI 10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00098-3 PRICE CA, 1984, 10 C INT IIC ADH CON, P169 Shipway PH, 1997, WEAR, V205, P169, DOI 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07311-5 STEVENSON ANJ, 1995, WEAR, V189, P66, DOI 10.1016/0043-1648(95)06641-1 STEVENSON ANJ, 1995, WEAR, V181, P56, DOI 10.1016/0043-1648(95)90008-X Zhu KW, 2004, AICHE J, V50, P1729, DOI 10.1002/aic.10172 1994, MC GRAW HILL DICT SC NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2006 VL 7 IS 3 BP 201 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.05.002 PG 5 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 102YP UT WOS:000241850000007 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Callieri, M Cignoni, P Scopigno, R Gori, G Risaliti, M AF Callieri, M. Cignoni, P. Scopigno, R. Gori, G. Risaliti, M. TI Beyond manual drafting: a restoration-oriented system SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE cultural heritage; restoration; technical drafting; 3D range scanning; 3D mesh visualization; large print formats ID MESHES AB The production of drawings is a basic activity in restoration, archeology and cultural heritage (CH) didactics. The manual production of technical drawings is a complex process, both in terms of time and skills required. In this paper we present a computer-aided methodology to produce technical drawings of CH artifacts. A pre-requisite of our methodology is the acquisition of an accurate digital 3D model of the artifact, which is now possible at affordable costs using 3D scanning technology. We discuss the specific needs that a drafting system oriented to the CH domain should satisfy and we present the design, features and performances of a computer-aided drafting system, called Cavalieri. Cavalieri allows to manage the huge digital models produced with 3D scanning devices and supports easy specification of orthographic drawings and cut-through sections, which are given in output as very high-resolution images (with user-selected reproduction scale and printer resolution). We conclude with some results of Cavalieri's assessment in the framework of two restoration projects. (c) 2006 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 CNR, Area Ric, ISTI, Visual Comp Lab, I-56125 Pisa, Italy. Ctr Restauro Archeol Soprintendenza Archeol Tosca, I-50135 Florence, Italy. RP Callieri, M (reprint author), CNR, Area Ric, ISTI, Visual Comp Lab, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56125 Pisa, Italy. EM m.callieri@isti.cnr.it; p.cignoni@isti.cnr.it; r.scopigno@isti.cnr.it RI scopigno, roberto/AAH-7645-2020; Cignoni, Paolo/M-5262-2019; Cignoni, Paolo/B-7192-2012 OI Cignoni, Paolo/0000-0002-2686-8567; Cignoni, Paolo/0000-0002-2686-8567 CR Bernardini F, 2002, COMPUT GRAPH FORUM, V21, P149, DOI 10.1111/1467-8659.00574 BRACCI S, 2004, [No title captured] Callieri M, 2004, IEEE COMPUT GRAPH, V24, P16, DOI 10.1109/MCG.2004.1274056 CALLIERI M, 2003, VAST 2003 EG S GRAPH Chen F, 2000, OPT ENG, V39, P10, DOI 10.1117/1.602438 Cignoni P, 2003, IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR, V9, P525, DOI 10.1109/TVCG.2003.1260746 DEUSSEN O, 2000, [No title captured], V19, P41, DOI DOI 10.1111/1467-8659.00396 Fontana R, 2002, J CULT HERIT, V3, P325, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01242-6 Garland M., 1997, Computer Graphics Proceedings, SIGGRAPH 97, P209 Levoy M, 2000, COMP GRAPH, P131 MURRAY JD, 1994, [No title captured] NORTHRUP JD, 2000, NONPHOTOREALISTIC AN Pfister H, 2000, COMP GRAPH, P335 PRAUN E, 2001, [No title captured], P579 ROCCHINI C, 2001, ICHIM 2001 C P, V2, P265 Rocchini C, 2001, COMPUT GRAPH FORUM, P299, DOI DOI 10.1111/1467-8659.00522 Rushmeier H., 1998, Rendering Techniques '98. Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop, P81 Rusinkiewicz S, 2000, COMP GRAPH, P343 Samet H., 1990, DESIGN ANAL SPATIAL SOUCY M, 1996, [No title captured], V2, P409 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2006 VL 7 IS 3 BP 214 EP 226 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.06.002 PG 13 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 102YP UT WOS:000241850000009 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Dei, L Salvadori, B AF Dei, Luigi Salvadori, Barbara TI Nanotechnology in cultural heritage conservation: nanometric slaked lime saves architectonic and artistic surfaces from decay SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE nanoparticles; limestones; wall paintings; calcium hydroxide; compatibility; consolidation; slaked lime ID STONE; DETERIORATION; RESTORATION; CA(OH)(2) AB The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of inorganic compatible treatments, based on nanosized particles of calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) dispersed in alcoholic medium, as consolidants for limestones and painted surfaces affected by different kinds of decay. Both in situ and laboratory tests were carried out on carbonatic, low-porosity stones and on frescoes. The re-aggregating effects of the deposited phase were investigated by superficial area analyses (BET) and SEM-EDX; it was also possible to obtain an estimation of the depth of penetration of the product inside the porous matrix by adopting nanoparticles of magnesium hydroxide as markers. Changes in water-interaction properties were evaluated by water absorption capillarity measurements. The consolidating action of the applied material was also pointed out by observations performed in grazing light on treated areas of painted surfaces. All the results converged in individuating these nanometric particles of slaked lime as an innovative, completely compatible, and efficient material for the consolidation of artistic (lime-based wall paintings) and architectural (limestones) surfaces. (c) 2006 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florence, Dept Chem, I-50019 Florence, Italy. Univ Florence, CSGI Consortium, I-50019 Florence, Italy. RP Dei, L (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Chem, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy. EM dei@csgi.unifi.it; barsalv@libero.it RI Salvadori, Barbara/J-7741-2019 OI Salvadori, Barbara/0000-0001-8439-6214 CR Ambrosi M, 2001, LANGMUIR, V17, P4251, DOI 10.1021/la010269b BRUS J, 1996, STUD CONSERV, V41, P109, DOI 10.2307/1506521 CAMUFFO D, 1982, ATMOS ENVIRON, V16, P2253, DOI 10.1016/0004-6981(82)90296-7 CIABACH J, 1982, P S RES CONS SCOTT S, P51 CROVERI P, 2004, P 10 INT C DET CONS, V1, P463 Danehey C., 1992, P 7 INT C DET CONS S, P1043 Dei L., 2005, P 21 INT M SCI BEN C, P99 DEI L, 2005, P 21 INT M SCI BEN C, P293 DELMONTE M, 1991, P EUR S SCI TECHN EU, P78 Esbert R. M., 1991, B GEOLOGICO MINERO, V102-103, P446 FOBE BO, 1995, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V29, P1691, DOI 10.1021/es00006a038 GABBIANI C, 2003, THESIS U FLORENCE FL Giorgi R, 2000, STUD CONSERV, V45, P154, DOI 10.2307/1506761 GRIFFIN PS, 1991, INT BIODETERIOR, V28, P187, DOI 10.1016/0265-3036(91)90042-P Hammecker C, 1992, P 7 INT C DET CONS S, P1053 Lazzarini L., 1986, RESTAURO PIETRA Salvadori B, 2001, LANGMUIR, V17, P2371, DOI 10.1021/la0015967 Tarasov VI, 2001, RUSS J APPL CHEM+, V74, P1985, DOI 10.1023/A:1015565917428 ZEHNDER K, 1989, J CRYST GROWTH, V97, P513, DOI 10.1016/0022-0248(89)90234-0 NR 19 TC 90 Z9 94 U1 3 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 7 IS 2 BP 110 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2006.02.001 PG 6 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 067XL UT WOS:000239335800005 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Bernardi, A Becherini, F Bassato, G Bellio, M AF Bernardi, A Becherini, F Bassato, G Bellio, M TI Condensation on ancient stained glass windows and efficiency of protective glazing systems: two French case studies, Sainte-Chapelle (Paris) and Saint-Urbain Basilica (Troyes) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE weathering of stained glass windows; condensation on a surface; microclimate; conservation of cultural heritage; technological devices for the detection of condensation AB The multidisciplinary EC VIDRIO project has the purpose of providing a better understanding of the effect of the environment on glass surfaces and paint (grisaille) and to evaluate the efficiency of the protective glazing system, in order to find sustainable solutions to protect ancient stained glass windows from the main causes of glass weathering, in particular the condensation phenomenon. Hence, a new device, named "dew point sensor", was built and patented to protect the stained glass windows by detecting the condensation on the glass surface. The research was focused on laboratory tests and experimental campaigns: two important French monuments, Sainte-Chapelle in Paris and Saint-Urbain Basilica in Troyes, were monitored, while the study in Cologne Cathedral (Germany) is still in progress. Three different systems were used to detect the phenomenon of condensation in order to evaluate and compare their accuracy and reliability: the indirect measurement through mathematic calculations using air temperature and relative humidity, and two direct measurements by means of the dew point and the leaf wetness sensors, The laboratory tests and research in the field made evident the errors associated with the measurements of the condensation process, and the accuracy and reliability of the new device. The efficiency of the protective glazing system, as regards to the weathering of the stained glass windows, has been confirmed. In fact, the presence of a protective glazing reduces the danger of condensation on the internal side of the ancient window and also the total time of the high relative humidity values of the air in contact with the protected window. (c) 2006 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, I-35127 Padua, Italy. Tecno Penta SAS, I-35037 Padua, Italy. RP Bernardi, A (reprint author), CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. EM a.bernardi@isac.cnr.it RI Becherini, Francesca/AAD-8969-2020 OI Becherini, Francesca/0000-0002-8408-0102; BERNARDI, ADRIANA/0000-0002-9850-8843 CR BERNARDI A, 2005, SPECIAL ISSUE VIRIO, V3, P25 BERNARDI A, 2002, RIV STAZIONE SPERIME, V4, P28 Bernardi A., 2003, CONSERVARE OPERE ART BERNARDI A, 2004, EFFECTS AIR POLLUTIO, P133 BOEHM T, 1999, P 5 EUR SOC GLASS SC CAMUFFO D, 1988, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V68, P1, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(88)90357-9 CAMUFFO D, 1998, [No title captured] *ICOMOS, 1989, GUID CONS ANC MON ST, P1 Marabelli M., 1993, RIV STAZIONE SPERIME, V3, P137 NEWTON G, 1989, CONSERVATION GLASS OITMANN S, 2000, SCHUTZVERGLASUNGEN R PALLOTFROSSARD I, 1999, MONUMENTS HIST ENV R ROEMICH H, 1999, HIST GLASS ITS INTER, P5 THOMSON G, 1986, [No title captured] VERITA M, 1996, DOSSIER COMMISSION R, P61 *VIDRIO, DET COND PREV WEATH WALTERS HV, 1975, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V19, P183, DOI 10.1016/0022-3093(75)90084-8 *WMO, 1996, [No title captured] YJORBA MP, 1980, J MATER SCI, V15, P1640 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JAN-MAR PY 2006 VL 7 IS 1 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2005.10.007 PG 8 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 028OX UT WOS:000236498800009 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Calicchia, P Cannelli, GB AF Calicchia, P Cannelli, GB TI Detecting and mapping detachments in mural paintings by non-invasive acoustic technique: measurements in antique sites in Rome and Florence SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE Fresco preservation; detachment detection; acoustical method; laboratory models; St. Passera Church; Vasari house ID DIAGNOSTICS AB The most frequent cause of damage in mural paintings, and particularly in antique frescos, is represented by the presence of detachments. An accurate diagnosis of damages and the successive evaluation of consolidation treatments are fundamental for the protection of many masterpieces. A special apparatus for the detection of detachments in mural paintings has been realised in the framework of the Italian Special Project "Safeguard of Cultural Heritage" in order to satisfy the above objectives. A novel non-invasive acoustic technique displays in acoustic images the presence of surface anomalies such as detachments and fractures. A set of laboratory tests were carried out, employing artificially-made models of detachments, in order to validate the novel acoustic method, and two studies were performed on the XIII century frescos in the little church of St. Passera in Rome, and on the XVI century frescos painted by Giorgio Vasari in his house in Florence. (c) 2005 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 CNR, Ist Acust OM Corbino, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Calicchia, P (reprint author), CNR, Ist Acust OM Corbino, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. EM calicchia@idac.rm.cnr.it; canngb@idac.rm.cnr.it OI Calicchia, Paola/0000-0003-3784-5421 CR BERTANI D, 1995, OPT ENG, V34, P1219, DOI 10.1117/12.196545 Bogert B.P., 1963, P S TIM SER AN, V15, P209 Calicchia P, 2002, APPL ACOUST, V63, P43, DOI 10.1016/S0003-682X(01)00021-4 CANNELLI GB, 2004, Patent No. 99000410 CANNELLI GB, Patent No. 0000244 Castellini P, 2000, REV SCI INSTRUM, V71, P207, DOI 10.1063/1.1150184 DATI C, 1990, MOLES PITTURE MURALI Filipczynski L., 1966, ULTRASONIC METHODS T FREY K, 1930, LIT NACHLASS GIORGIO, pR2 MATTEINI M, 1989, INDAGINI DIAGNOSTICO PAOLETTI D, 1993, APPL OPTICS, V32, P6236, DOI 10.1364/AO.32.006236 SPAGNOLO GS, 1999, P 6 WORLD C NDT MICR VENDITTI E, 1986, CHIESA SANTA PASSERA NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX PA 65 RUE CAMILLE DESMOULINS, CS50083, 92442 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 EI 1778-3674 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD APR-JUN PY 2005 VL 6 IS 2 BP 115 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2004.11.001 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 941BN UT WOS:000230189700003 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Rossi, M Marini, D Rizzi, A AF Rossi, M Marini, D Rizzi, A TI Methods and application for photorealistic rendering and lighting of ancient buildings SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE photorealistic rendering; lighting; visual appearance; color processing; chromatic adaptation; restoration simulation AB Within the field of cultural heritage restoration, experts are interested in the visual analysis of data describing status and history of ancient monuments. The use of computers together with image synthesis techniques can support the visual analysis and comparison of restoration simulation. The results of these computations are usually distributed over many sites that can be viewed by VRML and Java technology, which are well-suited for describing and visualizing geometrical models and data interaction over the Internet. Unfortunately, the poor quality of VRML real time rendering is a bottleneck for any analysis based on accurate image synthesis methods. Another problem in reproducing images with photorealistic rendering derives from the adaptation mechanisms of the human visual system. We describe a method and its implementation for providing high quality photorealistic image synthesis of ancient building materials, considering also a final adaptation stage able to simulate the lighting and color adaptation phases of a human observer. In this method, a network based Java application manages geometric 3D models of ancient buildings to provide an editing interface and to manage high quality photorealistic snapshots. Simple 3D VRML data are enhanced with radiometric data derived by gathering measurements on the actual material taken from the site to reproduce. In the example presented in this paper, we have used measurements taken from the ancient Roman Aosta Theatre. A server-based optimized rendering application computes photorealistic images on radiometric data, that are subsequently applied as input to an algorithm simulating the human visual system perception. This latter phase is able to emulate the human local lightness, and chromatic adaptation mechanisms. The enhanced interaction with high quality images of the model through the Java application, allows a visual qualitative evaluation of restoration hypotheses. It also provides a tool that is able to show the final appearance of the model under assigned lighting conditions, as observed by a human being "inside" the virtual environment. (C) 2004 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Politecn Milan, Dip Ind Art & Commun, I-20158 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Dip Informat & Commun, I-20135 Milan, Italy. Univ Milan, Dip Tecnol Informaz, I-26013 Crema, Italy. RP Rossi, M (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dip Ind Art & Commun, Via Durando 38-A, I-20158 Milan, Italy. EM maurizio.rossi@polimi.it; daniele.marini@unimi.it; rizzi@dti.unimi.it RI Rizzi, Alessandro/I-2138-2012 OI Rizzi, Alessandro/0000-0001-6240-4383 CR Borgia GC, 2000, J CULT HERIT, V1, P127, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(00)00156-4 *CIE, 1996, PUB CIE *CIE, 1999, S005ISO10526 CIE COOK R, 1981, [No title captured], V15 FUNT B, 2002, P SPIE, V4662 GLASSNER AS, 1995, [No title captured] GORAL CM, 1984, COMP GRAPH P SIGGR 8 GUIZZO M, 1997, CONOSCENZA IMMAGINI, P49 IES Computer Committee, 1991, LM631991 IES COMP CO LAND EH, 1971, J OPT SOC AM, V61, P1, DOI 10.1364/JOSA.61.000001 Marini D, 2000, IMAGE VISION COMPUT, V18, P1005, DOI 10.1016/S0262-8856(00)00037-8 Marini D, 1997, COMPUT NETWORKS ISDN, V29, P1655, DOI 10.1016/S0169-7552(97)00080-9 MARINI D, 1994, PARALLELISING ACCELE MARINI D, 1999, J ELECT IMAGING, V8 MARINI D, 1 INT C COL GRAPH IM Moltedo L, 2000, J CULT HERIT, V1, P59, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(99)00115-6 PEDERSINI F, 1993, 8 EUSIPICO TRIEST Pedersini F, 2000, J CULT HERIT, V1, P301, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(00)01082-7 RIZZI A, 2003, J ELECT IMAGING JUL, V12 Rossi M, 2001, P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS, V4311, P226 ROSSI M, 1998, SINTESI IMMAGINI FOT SALONIA P, 2000, P C CENTR EUR COMP G SALONIA P, 1997, CONOSCENZA IMMAGINI Wyszecki G., 1982, COLOR SCI CONCEPT ME ZEKI S, 1993, [No title captured] NR 25 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2004 VL 5 IS 3 BP 291 EP 300 DI 10.1016/j.culher.2003.12.004 PG 10 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 865GU UT WOS:000224691500006 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Lanza, SG AF Lanza, SG TI Flood hazard threat on cultural heritage in the town of Genoa (Italy) SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE flood hazard; risk assessment; protection; restoration; mapping; GIS AB The threat posed at cultural heritage by flooding is analysed for the historic centre of the town of Genoa. The area is subject to the risk of failure of the urban drainage system due to the lack of defensive and/or preventive structures that are now hardly compatible with the ancient urban texture. An extensive survey of the available records of flooding episodes in the last 100 years was completed in order to derive a map of historically flooded areas. The assessment of the portion of cultural heritage at risk has been performed by comparing such information with the distribution of monuments and buildings presently lying under the protection of the Superintendence of Environmental and Architectonic Heritage of Liguria. Low-cost solutions to the design of suitable preventive structures are proposed, involving technical and functional restoration of the existing underground cisterns of the ancient town. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Genoa, Dept Architectural Design & Construct, Genoa, Italy. RP Lanza, SG (reprint author), Univ Genoa, Dept Architectural Design & Construct, Stradone S Agostino 37, Genoa, Italy. EM simonalanza@everyday.com CR BECCHI I, 1996, RICORDARE ALLUVIONE BROVELLI E, 1998, RECUPERO CONSERVAZIO, V21, P24 CIPOLLA F, 1994, PROGETTO AVI CENSIME CRISALLI G, 1970, GENOVA DUE GIORNI PI FALCIAI M, 1999, CNR PUB GUZZETTI F, 1994, ENVIRON MANAGE, V18, P623, DOI 10.1007/BF02400865 Guzzetti F, 2000, ENG GEOL, V58, P89, DOI 10.1016/S0013-7952(00)00047-8 GUZZETTI F, 1996, PUBBLICAZIONE GNDCI, V1346 MASCIULLI C, 1999, THESIS U GENOA ITALY NR 9 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 18 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 4 IS 3 BP 159 EP 167 DI 10.1016/S1296-2074(03)00042-6 PG 9 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 738NF UT WOS:000186294200001 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Egenberg, IM Holtekjolen, AK Lundanes, E AF Egenberg, IM Holtekjolen, AK Lundanes, E TI Characterisation of naturally and artificially weathered pine tar coatings by visual assessment and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE stave church preservation; medieval architecture; cultural heritage; pine tar coating; kiln produced tar; ageing; diterpenoids; abietic acid; dehydroabietic acid; GC-MS-characterisation; weatherometer ID WOOD ORIGIN; MARY-ROSE; PITCH; BIRCH AB Tarring experiments with pine tar from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) obtained from a traditionally accomplished kiln production have been carried out, in order to investigate potentials of improvement concerning tarring of the preserved Norwegian medieval stave churches. Pine tar coated test panels of pine wood were exposed to three different natural climates in Norway and on a regular basis characterised by visual assessment and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) during 30 months of exposure. Moreover, test panels that were tar coated in the same way, however, on variable substrata, were exposed in a weatherometer. Tar obtained from different stages in the kiln production varies significantly according to chemical composition as well as coating ability. The weather resistance of tar from an early stage in the production proved superior compared to tar from a final stage. Boiling or seething of the pine tar at temperatures below 200 degreesC prior to application increased weather resistance and durability of the coating, without accelerating the decarboxylation process in the tar sample. Even after exposure and weathering of the coated surfaces the initial characteristics of the liquid tar, in accordance with manufacturing temperature were detectable by GC-MS. Weatherometer experiments confirmed the results of the outdoor experiments and moreover showed that the quality of the substrata interacted with the tar coat and significantly affected the weather resistance. Despite different wood qualities of the weatherometer panels, the comparison of tar treatments, which were visually assessed on a macro level, was sufficiently evident to constitute a basis for renewed guidelines for tarring of stave churches. (C) 2003 Editions scientitiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 NIKU, Norwegian Inst Cultural Heritage Res, N-0105 Oslo, Norway. Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. RP Egenberg, IM (reprint author), NIKU, Norwegian Inst Cultural Heritage Res, POB 736 Sentrum, N-0105 Oslo, Norway. EM inger.egenberg@niku.no CR BECK CW, 1997, PYROTECHNOLOGY PINE BRUHEIM M, 1969, KULL TJAEREBRENNING, P25 CHARTERS S, 1993, ARCHAEOMETRY, V35, P91, DOI 10.1111/j.1475-4754.1993.tb01025.x CHRISTIE H, 1993, P INT SEM AC SCI LET, P59 DALLAND H, 1994, KYSTEN, V4, P31 Egenberg I. 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S., 1994, ORGANIC CHEM MUSEUM *NORW DIR CULT HER, 1994, RIKS 3 9 12 OV TJAER, P4 Pastorova I, 1997, J ANAL APPL PYROL, V43, P41, DOI 10.1016/S0165-2370(97)00058-2 REUNANEN M, 1990, HOLZFORSCHUNG, V44, P277 REUNANEN M, 1989, HOLZFORSCHUNG, V43, P33, DOI 10.1515/hfsg.1989.43.1.33 Reunanen M, 1996, HOLZFORSCHUNG, V50, P118 REUNANEN M, 1993, HOLZFORSCHUNG, V47, P175, DOI 10.1515/hfsg.1993.47.2.175 ROBINSON N, 1987, ANALYST, V112, P637, DOI 10.1039/an9871200637 ROMSLO R, 1952, RAPPORT ANGAENDE TJA ROPEID A, 1982, KULTURHISTORISK LEKS, V18, P418 Sandberg D, 1997, HOLZ ROH WERKST, V55, P175, DOI 10.1007/BF02990541 SANDBERG D, 1995, R9513 TRITATRA ROYAL SANDBERG D, 1997, R9724 TRITATRA KUNGL SANDMO JK, 1948, SKOGTEKNOLOGI Schweingruber F.H., 1988, TREE RINGS BASICS AP SWEELEY CC, 1963, J AM CHEM SOC, V85, P2497, DOI 10.1021/ja00899a032 TAMMINEN Z, 1962, R41 KUNGL I VIRK TIMELL TE, 1986, [No title captured], V1 VANDENBERG KJ, 1996, WAX LINING MAT, V2, P937 NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 14 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 4 IS 3 BP 221 EP 241 DI 10.1016/S1296-2074(03)00048-7 PG 21 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 738NF UT WOS:000186294200007 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Peruzzi, R Poli, T Toniolo, L AF Peruzzi, R Poli, T Toniolo, L TI The experimental test for the evaluation of protective treatments: a critical survey of the "capillary absorption index" SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE capillary absorption; protection; treatment evaluation ID POROUS MATERIAL; COLUMNS; RISE AB One of the most effective methodologies for the evaluation of the penetration of water into the bulk of stone materials is the capillary absorption measurement. In this paper the authors would like to propose a short theoretical presentation of the two new parameters-ICa (absolute capillary index) and ICr (relative capillary index)-for capillary measurements recommended in the Italian Protocol Norma UNI 10859 "Cultural Heritage-Natural and artificial stones-Determination of water absorption by capillarity". Definitely, the aim of this paper is to offer a powerful instrument to enlighten the utility of the proposed measurement methodology, both from a theoretical and practical point of view, and, finally, to help the interpretation of the experimental data through the use of the "capillary absorption index". (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 CNR, Ist Conservaz & Valorizzaz Beni Culturali, Sez Milan, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Toniolo, L (reprint author), CNR, Ist Conservaz & Valorizzaz Beni Culturali, Sez Milan, Pza L Da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM lucia.toniolo@polimi.it RI Toniolo, Lucia/C-1125-2017 OI Toniolo, Lucia/0000-0001-7460-8498; POLI, Tommaso/0000-0002-0160-5269 CR ALESSANDRINI G, 2000, P 18 IIC INT C MELB, P1 ALFARISS T, 1987, CAN J CHEM ENG, V65, P391, DOI 10.1002/cjce.5450650306 Appolonia L, 1995, P INT C METH EV PROD, P301 ATZENI C, 1991, PIETRE ARCHITETTURA, P203 BRUGNARA M, 2001, P MRS FALL 26 30 NOV BRUNJAIL J, 1993, CONSERVATION STONE O, P163 COLANTUONO A, 1994, EDILIZIA, V5, P63 *DIN, 1987, [No title captured] HALL C, 1989, MAG CONCRETE RES, V41, P51, DOI 10.1680/macr.1989.41.147.51 HOFFMANN D, 1988, AM CERAM SOC BULL, V67, P1418 HOFFMANN D, 1990, AM CERAM SOC BULL, V69, P392 Jaycock M.J., 1981, CHEM INTERFACES KELHAM S, 1988, MAG CONCRETE RES, V40, P106, DOI 10.1680/macr.1988.40.143.106 Martin J, 1996, AM CERAM SOC BULL, V75, P66 MARTIN J, 1997, P 4 INT S CONS MON M, P161 MENG B, 1993, CONSERVATION OF STONE AND OTHER MATERIALS, VOLS 1 AND 2, P155 RILEM, 1980, MATER STRUCT, V13, P208 ROSA RN, 1996, DEGRADATION CONSERVA, P255 SASSE HR, SAVING OUR ARCHITECT Toniolo L, 2002, J CULT HERIT, V3, P309, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01240-2 VOS BH, 1978, P UNESCO RILEM INT S, P1 Vos BH, 1971, STUD CONSERV, V16, P129, DOI [10.2307/1505493, DOI 10.2307/1505493] UNI 10859 PROTOCOL C NR 23 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1296-2074 J9 J CULT HERIT JI J. Cult. Herit. PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 4 IS 3 BP 251 EP 254 DI 10.1016/S1296-2074(03)00050-5 PG 4 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA 738NF UT WOS:000186294200009 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU de' Gennaro, M Calcaterra, D Cappelletti, P Langella, A Morra, V AF de' Gennaro, Maurizio Calcaterra, Domenico Cappelletti, Piergiulio Langella, Alessio Morra, Vincenzo TI Building stone and related weathering in the architecture of the ancient city of Naples SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE building stone; cultural heritage; Naples; Italy; thematic maps; weathering ID CAMPI-FLEGREI; CAMPANIAN IGNIMBRITE; ERUPTIVE DYNAMICS; CALDERA AB The survey of materials constituting the buildings of the ancient city centre of Naples and of their decay typologies was carried out. Reports were entered in a database which enabled us to draw two thematic maps in a digital format: one of materials and lithotypes, and one showing weathering. On this basis, quantitative evaluations of the lithotypes were carried out. The research pointed out that the use of different lithotypes was mainly as a result of their availability and: or ease of exploitation. Furthermore, the importance of the preservation of the quarrying sites was stressed, both for their historical and cultural interest and, above all, for possible forthcoming provisioning finalized to restorations. The analysis of the results, made on a geo-mineralogical basis, as well as the thematic maps, gives a basic tool which will be very useful to those professionals involved in preservation of cultural heritage. (C) 2000 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS C1 [de' Gennaro, Maurizio; Cappelletti, Piergiulio; Morra, Vincenzo] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Naples, Italy. [Calcaterra, Domenico] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Ingn Geotecn, Naples, Italy. [Langella, Alessio] Univ Sannio, Fac Sci, Benevento, Italy. RP de' Gennaro, M (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via Mezzocannone 8, Naples, Italy. EM degennar@unina.it RI Langella, Alessio/H-4288-2011; Cappelletti, Piergiulio/H-4248-2011; Morra, Vincenzo/H-6125-2011; Morra, Vincenzo/V-2973-2019 OI Cappelletti, Piergiulio/0000-0001-5396-8259; Morra, Vincenzo/0000-0002-3310-8603; FU Italian National Council of Research (CNR) Progetto Finalizzato 'Beni Culturali' [96.01114.PF36] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge F. Barattolo (Federico II University of Naples) for micropaleontological observations and C. Manganelli (CNR, France) for his helpful suggestions. The work was carried out with the financial support of Italian National Council of Research (CNR) Progetto Finalizzato 'Beni Culturali', contract number 96.01114.PF36. Thanks are due to M. Serracino (CNR, Rome) for his skills in microprobe analyses. CR Albertini V, 1988, GEOL TECNICA, V3, P54 Annecchino R., 1960, COMUNE POZZUOLI NAPO, P40 CALCATERRA D, 1995, GEOLOGIA APPL IDROGE, V30, P13 Calcaterra D, 2000, J CULT HERIT, V1, P415, DOI 10.1016/S1296-2074(00)01097-9 Cardone V., 1993, IDENTITA CAMPI FLEGR Chiari C., 1997, THESIS U NAPLES FEDE Civetta L, 1997, J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES, V75, P183, DOI 10.1016/S0377-0273(96)00027-3 Coleman C, 1997, P GIORN STUD MAT TEC, P49 deGennaro M, 1996, MINER DEPOSITA, V31, P452, DOI 10.1007/s001260050053 Deino A.L., 1994, ICOG 8 BERKELEY, V1077, P77 DEINO A.L., 1992, INT GEOL C KYOT JAP, V3, P633 Di Girolamo P., 1970, REND SOC ITAL MINERA, V26, P1 Di Stefano R., 1967, DISTRIBUZIONE CAVITA, P121 DIGIROLAMO P, 1968, [No title captured], V35, P5 DIGIROLAMOP, 1984, B SOC GEOL ITAL, V103, P349 Evangelista A., 1990, P 3 CICL C MECC ING Fuscaldo M. 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Cult. Herit. PD DEC PY 2000 VL 1 IS 4 BP 399 EP 414 AR PII 1296-2074(00)01096-7/FLA DI 10.1016/S1296-2074(00)01096-7 PG 16 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA V20HX UT WOS:000208132200007 DA 2020-06-06 ER PT J AU Canuti, P Casagli, N Catani, F Fanti, R AF Canuti, Paolo Casagli, Nicola Catani, Filippo Fanti, Riccardo TI Hydrogeological hazard and risk in archaeological sites: some case studies in Italy SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE LA English DT Article DE cultural heritage; hydro-geological hazard; geographic information system; geomorphologic mapping; risk assessment AB This paper describes the research activity carried out in some sample areas in Italy (Latium and Sardinia) dealing with the evaluation of geomorphologic hazard and risk with regard to landslides, floods and erosion processes for the historical sites. First of all, it is necessary to create a database of the archaeological wealth and an analysis of the geomorphologic processes interacting on them. This activity employs the Arc/Info ((c) ESRI Inc.) software in which the database is included for organising and georeferring all the information obtained with the direct survey analysis. All the geomorphologic processes influencing the archaeological sites (both on slopes and flood plain) were analysed to highlight the temporal and spatial distribution of elements that are threatened. The use of Geographic Information Systems provides the most effective procedure for a global and integrated analysis on the site information and on the intrinsic and external conditions of potential instability. Afterwards, the cases of hydrogeologic hazard are investigated applying geological engineering methods in order to indicate the main causes of instability and the possible remedial measures. (C) 2000 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS C1 [Canuti, Paolo; Casagli, Nicola; Catani, Filippo; Fanti, Riccardo] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-50121 Florence, Italy. RP Canuti, P (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via G La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy. EM canuti@geo.unifi.it RI Catani, Filippo/B-8518-2016; Fanti, Riccardo/B-8668-2016; Casagli, Nicola/B-6882-2016 OI Catani, Filippo/0000-0001-5185-4725; Casagli, Nicola/0000-0002-8684-7848; Fanti, Riccardo/0000-0001-6960-058X FU National Research Council FX The research is financed with National Research Council funds for the Special Project 'Cultural Heritage'. 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